Week 4 Session 5
In the electric power aspect, the design of power electronics converters play a very important role in an efficient conversion of power as per the ratings of the original power source and the ratings of the equipment used.
The power electronics has gained popularity due the following reasons: Firstly, the modern architecture which included the integrated switching and fusing functions into a single component with increased reliability. The power convertors can be used for different control methods Secondly, the conversion of power is realized by using adjustable speed drives. Lastly, the conversion of voltage as per the demand of the application can be efficiently realized by using power electronics.
The whole power supply system of an EV can be divided into three parts, namely: (i) battery charging system, (ii) powertrain, and (iii) regenerative braking.
A fast charger is required to mitigate the refueling problem, which requires more time for refueling/recharging, fewer charging stations, and a lower driving range. The fast-charging architectures are usually classified into two categories: (i) common AC-bus architecture; and (ii) common DC-bus architecture. In the typical AC-bus architecture, each fast charger consists of individual AC–DC conversion stages with a high-frequency transformer. On the other hand, the typical DC-bus architecture consists of one central AC–DC conversion stage with a low-frequency transformer.
For driving electric vehicles (EVs), a particular voltage level is required; otherwise, the device can be destroyed if the power is more significant than its required operating power or the device won’t be able to run if the power level is deficient. A DC–DC converter is utilized to mitigate the limitation. For Power trains, Non isolated interleaved DC-DC convertors, isolated full bridge DC DC convertors are some of the DC-DC convertors topologies which can be used.
Classfication of various power convertor topologies being used in for EV:
