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| Types of Fuel Cells |
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| 1. Polymer Electrolyte Membrance Fuel Cell (PEM) |
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| 2. Alkaline Fuel Cell (AFC) |
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| 3. Direct Methonol Fule Cell (DMFC) |
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| 4. Solid Oxide Fuel cell (SOFC) |
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Polymer Electrolyte Membrance Fuel Cell (PEM) |
Alkaline Fuel Cell (AFC) |
Direct Methonol Fule Cell (DMFC) |
Solid Oxide Fuel cell (SOFC) |
| Power (KW) |
0.01 - 250 |
0.1 - 50 |
0.001 - 100 |
0.5 - 2000 |
| Efficiency |
40% - 55% |
55% - 70% |
40% |
40% - 72% |
| Operating Temperature (°C) |
60 -110 |
70 -130 |
70 -130 |
500 - 1000 |
| Type of Electrolyte |
proton-conducting polymer membrane |
aqueous Potassium Hydroxide |
Nafion |
Ceramic electrolyte |
| Fuel |
Hydrogen |
Hydrogen |
Methonol |
Hydrogen |
| Byproducts |
Water and heat |
water |
water and CO2 |
water |
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At anode: |
At anode: |
At anode: |
At anode: |
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| At cathode: |
At cathode: |
At cathode: |
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At cathod: |
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| Overall reaction : |
Overall reaction: |
Overall reaction: |
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Overall reaction: |
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| Applications: |
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| Polymer Electrolyte Membrance Fuel Cell (PEM) |
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| Portable |
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| Mobile |
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| Low power generation |
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| Alkaline Fuel Cell (AFC) |
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| Mobile |
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| Space |
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| Military |
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| Direct Methonol Fule Cell (DMFC) |
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| Mobile |
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| Portable |
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| Solid Oxide Fuel cell (SOFC) |
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| Vehicle Auxilary power supply unit |
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| Medium to large scale power generation and CHP |
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| Off-grid power and micro-CHP |
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| Below Graph is the basic Energy density and Power density of differnt types of energy storage devices like Capacitors,Batteries (Li-ion, Led acid, Nickel cadmium etc) and Fuel cells. |
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| In Energy density |
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| Super capacitors < Batteries < Fuel cells |
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| Super capacitors are having the Lowest Energy dencity and Fuel cell having the Highest Energy density and Batteries are in between the Super capaciters and Fuel cells |
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| In Power dencity |
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| Super capaciters > Batteries > Fuel cells |
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| Super capacitors are having the Highest Power dencity and Fuel cell having the Lowest Power density and Batteries are in between the Super capaciters and Fuel cells |
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| Energy Density |
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| Lead-acid < Nickel Cadmium < Lithium ion |
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| Lead- acid has the lowest energy density and Lithum ions has the Highest Energy dencity and the Nickel Cadmium is in between the Lead acid and Lithium ion |
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| Power Density |
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| Lead-acid < Nickel Cadmium < Lithium ion |
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| Lead- acid has the Lowest Power density and Lithum ions has the Highest Power dencity and the Nickel Cadmium is in between the Lead acid and Lithium ion |
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| By combining the Both the graphs we can conclude that |
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| In Energy dencity : |
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| Super capacitors < Lead-acid < Nickel Cadmium < Lithium ion < Fuel cells |
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| In power density: |
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| Fuel cells < Lead-acid < Nickel Cadmium < Lithium ion < Super capaciters |
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