Week 2 Challenge

1. 1. How will you assign the Circular section to the column?
    2. How will you assign the Unit system to a .std model file?
    3. What are the parameters to be specified while using the “Bay Frame” option?
    4. Name a few coral standards incorporated in STAAD Pro software.

    5. How will you specify the design compressive strength for an RCC section?

Question1

Aim:- To provide the assigning the circular section, assign unit system, list of parameters, list of code books, specifying the design compressive strength 

1. How will you assign the Circular section to the column?

Step1:- 

• First open the STAAd.Pro software by double-clicking on it
• Then click on New the model information tab opens 
• Add the details into it and click on create

 

parameters

 

Step2:- 

• After creating a model create a node in the geometry tab
• Give the 1st node co-ordinates as (0,0,0) and 2nd co-ordinates as (0,3,0)
• Then click on the added beam and draw the beam from one node to another

 

Step3:- 

• After creating the beam go to the properties tab
• Then the properties -whole structures tab opens 
• Then click on define select the circular and give the diameter as 0.5m
• Then click on add

 

Step4:- 

• After adding the circular column select the assignment method and use the cursor to assign 
• Then click on the assign button after that move your cursor and click on the beam
• After assigning click on close

 

 

 2. How will you assithe gn Unit system to a .std model file?

We have 2 options to assign the unit

• We can assign the unit at the beginning stage itself while creating the model we have the option to choose the English or metric units. This is the first option to assign the units
• We can assign the unit while we creating the model, In the middle of the creating model we have the option to change the units, go to the view tab go to the display option then the options dialogue box opens 
• Here we can change the units in the structural units, section units, force units 

 

 

 

 3. What are the parameters to be specified while using the “Bay Frame” option?

The different parameters specified while using bay frame options are

• Length of the frame
• Width of the frame
• Height of the frame
• Number of the bay along the length
• Number of the bay along the width
• Number of the bay along the height

 

4. Name a few coral standards incorporated in STAAD Pro software.

• Euro codes
• IS codes
• BS codes
• American codes
• ACI codes
• ASCE codes
• CAN/CSA codes

 5. How will you specify the design compressive strength for an RCC section?

The steps for specifying the design compressive strength for the  RCC section are as follows

• First click on the analysis and design panel there select the design option
• When the design option is selected then the steel design whole structure dialogue box open 
• Then change the design from steel to concrete in the ribbon tab
• Then select the IS 456 code from the current code tab
• Then click on the design parameters 
• Then select the compressive strength of the concrete, The compressive strength of concrete notation is Fc
• Enter the value into the tab
• For Ex:- If we want to assign the compressive strength as M-30 then give the 3000KN/m^2 value
• After assigning the value click on add then click on close

 

 

 

Result:- 

For the listed questions the answers are written above in detail 

• Assigning the circular section
• assign unit system
• list of parameters
• list of code books
• specifying the design compressive strength 

 

2. 1. State the “Input” steps involved in RCC design.

    2. Explain the difference between Fixed and Enforced support conditions STAin ADPro. 

Question 2

 

Aim:- To provide the input steps involved in RCC design, the differences between fixed and enforced support conditions 

1. State the “Input” steps involved in RCC design.

The input steps are as follows

• Geometry:- It is used to mention the node points location and it's spacing to create a beam or column
• Properties:- Here we assign the various properties to the model and also we input the dimension of the section 
• Materials:- we assign the material as concrete to the beam or column
• Supports:- Here the end supports are provided to the beam or column 
• Specification:- In the specification panel we assign the designations that have to be followed while analysing
• Loadings:- The loading patterns and loading combinations are necessary to provide the beams or columns
• Analysis:- After completion of the above steps we need to analyse the model because here we are checking the safety of the building.   This analysis is done by using the analysis tab
• Design:- The final step of the STAAD.Pro software is designed. The design option helps to show the design of the construction  and it also shows the required reinforcement for this design 

 

  2. Explain the difference between Fixed and Enforced support conditions in STAADPro.

Fixed support condition:- When the fixed type of support is specified, for that degree of freedom which is to be treated as fully restrained, STAAD assumes displacement to be a known quantity whose value is zero, that degree of freedom is not considered for the stiffness matrix, and their value is not calculated.

 

Enforced support condition:- When the enforced type of support is specified for that degree of freedom which is to be treated as restrained, STAAD assigns aspiring stiffness - translational stiff springs for translational restraints and rotational stiff spring restraints. That degree displaced of freedom which is displaced is assigned springs of zero stiffness. Hence for all the six degrees of freedom at such support, the displacements are calculatonesThe ones which have a stiff spring will end up having negligible diaplacement, and those with zero stiffness-springs will have a displacement based on the structure geometry, properties and loading.

 

 Result:- 

For the listed questions the answers are written above in detail 

• The input steps involved in RCC design
• Difference between fixed and enforced support conditions 

 

 

Question3

Aim:- To provide steps involved in aanalysisofthe  model, two ways for the structural framework model, EElaboratethe different support conditions, extract the stress distribution for the stair slab, different ways to view SFD and BMD

 

1. Explain the steps involved in the analysis of a model using STAAD Pro sequentially.

The steps involved in the analysis of the model are

• Before the analysis load patterns and load combinations should be provided to the model
• To perform the analysis go to the analysis tab then you will get the define commands option
• Click on the define command option 
• After clicking on the define command the analysis/print command dialogue box opens 
• In default the performance analysis is selected, Select the type of analysis necessary for your model 
• Then click on the add button and close the dialogue box
• After that run the analysis by clicking the Run Analysis button or the F5 key

 

 2. Explain the two ways in which a structural framework/model can be created in STAAD Pro software.

The two ways in which a structural framework/model can be created in STAAD.Pro software are

1. Node by Node method

2. Structural wizard method

 

Node by Node method

• This is the 1st way of modelling the building created in STAAD.Pro software
• In this we can assign the node as per the architectural drawing 
• These nodes are placed by using co-ordinates
• We create a node in the geometry panel

Structural wizard

• Structural wizard is the 2nd way of modelling the building created in the STAAD.Pro software
• This method is easier than node by node method because it is an automatic method, It automatically creates the model when we input the respective length, width and height of the building
• We have the option to create a truss, frames and other structures

 

3. Elaborate the different support conditions in STAAD Pro.

• Fixed support condition
• Pinned support condition
• Enforced support condition
• Fixed but support condition
• Enforced but support condition
• Multilinear support condition
• Tension/Compression spring
• Foundation support condition
• Inclined

Fixed support condition

• All the translational and rotational displacements restrained 
• Fx, Fy, and  Fz are the translational displacements
• Mx, My, and Mz are the rotational displacements

Pinned support

• In pinned support the translational displacements are restrained
• The rotational displacements are not restrained (free) 
• Fx, Fy, and Fz are the translational displacements
• Mx, My, and Mz are the rotational displacements

Enforced support condition

• In Enforced support condition all the translational and rotational displacement is restrained but it contains spring constant
• In default the software takes the spring constant in this support, We can't give the spring constant and also we won't see any spring tab here
• Fx, Fy, and Fz are the translational displacements
• Mx, My, and Mz are the rotational displacements

Fixed but support condition

• In this support we have the option to release the translational and rotational displacement
• If we select the released for either translational or rotational displacement that value is zero

Enforced but supported condition

• In this support we have the option to release the translational and rotational displacement
• In default the software takes the spring constant in this support, We can't give the spring constant and also we won't see any spring tab here
• Fx, Fy, and Fz are the translational displacements
• Mx, My, and Mz are the rotational displacements
• The released displacement value is shown in STAAD.Pro software is zero

 

 4. How will you extract the stress distribution for a staircase slab?

The steps used to extract the stress distribution for the staircase slab are shown below

• Firstly create the nodes for the staircase with proper dimension
• Assign the plate element as a slab property
• After that define the load cases and calculate the area load acting on the stair slab
• Apply load cases and load combinations to the plate element as an area load
• After applying the load cases and load combinations mesh the plate element
• Then Go to the analysis and go to the post-processing post-deflect-processing mode
• Select the plate result as a plate stress contour
• Under the stress type choose the appropriate stress type   

 

  5. Explain the different ways to view SFD & BMD in STAAD Pro.

There are 2 ways to view SFD and BMD

1. By selecting the beam result and deflection after the post-processing

2. By graphical method

 

 By selecting the beam result and processing postsingpost processing 

• After the completion of the analysis the software itself provides the SFD and BMD to get the SFD and BMD 
• First Click on the post-processing button and click on OK
• Then we get SFD and BMD 
• To get the values for the SFD Select the Deflection there select the Fx, and Fy force then click on the annotate, In the annotate go to the beam result and search the shear option there click either ends or maximum, and  midpoint  to get the shear force
• To get the values for the BMD click on the annotate, In the annotate go to the beam result and search the bending option there click either ends or maximum, midpoint  to get the bending moment

 

 

By graphical method

• To get the SFD and BMD in a graphical way
• Click on the Layout tab arrow then we will get some options in that option select the graphical
• Then you can see the SFD and BMD in a graphically

 

 Result:- 

For the listed questions the answers are written above in detail 

• Steps involved in the analysis of the model
• Two ways for the structural framework model
• EElaboratethe different support conditions
• Extract the stress distribution for the stair slab
• Different ways to view SFD and BMD

 

 3. 1. Explain the steps involved in the analysis of a model using STAAD Pro sequentially.

    2. Explain the two ways in which a structural framework/model can be created in STAAD Pro software.
    3. Elaborate the different support conditions in STAAD Pro.
    4. How will you extract the stress distribution for a staircase slab?
    5. Explain the different ways to view SFD & BMD in STAAD Pro.

Question 3

Practical 
1. Analyze the following structural elements and validate the results
A. Simply Supported Beam
           a. A Simply supported beam with two point loads symmetrically placed
           b. Span L = 20m
           c. Load P = 50kN each
           d. Both Ps are located 5m from each support

B.Fixed Beam
           a. Span L = 16m
           b. Uniformly Distributed Load w=9kN/m

Practical 
1. Analyze the following structural elements and validate the results
A. Simply Supported Beam
           a. A Simply supported beam with two point loads symmetrically placed
           b. Span L = 20m
           c. Load P = 50kN each
           d. Both Ps are located 5m from each support

 

Aim:- To model the simply supported beam by using the STAAD.Pro software

Introduction:-

STAAD.Pro

•  STAAD Pro is one of the popular software that is used for the analysis and design of structures like buildings, towers, Industries, Bridges etc.,
• STAAD Pro stand for Structural Analysis and Design Program
• This software deals with Civil Engineer and Structural Engineer
• They are authorized dealers of Bently System India Pvt.Ltd
• STAAD.Pro helps structural engineers perform 3D structural analysis and design for both steel and concrete structures 
• If the design is done in a  physical model then it can be transformed into an analytical model 

 

Beam:- 

• Beam is a structural element that primarily resists load applied laterally 
• The mode of deflection is primarily by bending
• Beam is made up of concrete and reinforcement 
• Here the load is carried by the  slab and transferred to the beam then to the column and the foundation
• We have different kinds of supports for the beams like simple support, fixed support, hinge support, roller support

 

 

Procedure:- 

Step1:-

• Open the STAAD software by double-clicking on it
• Then the startup file opens 
• Click on the New option then the screen appears like this
• Give the file name which you want and give the location of where you want to save by clicking on the browser option
• Then select the units as a metric
• Then click on the create

 

Step2:- 

• After clicking on the create option the screen will look like this
• It includes several parameters like Geometry, Properties, Materials, Specification, Supports, Loading, Analysis, Design 

 

Step3:- 

• In this software first we have to provide the grids to the beam for the reference
• Click on the Grid ribbon tab then you will find the grids option click the below arrow then we can see 3 options
• Select the beam grid option, and then the grids will appear

 

 

Step4:- 

• When we click on the beam grids we will see the grids with smaller spacing 
• Then we should go to the edit option 
• Change the construction line numbers and change the spacing
• Then click on OK
• After changing the grid lines and spacing 
• Draw the beam having a 20m span

 

Step5:- 

• Here the node number is not visible we have to click our mouse's right button
• Then go to the labels
• Then the diagram dialogue box opens here select the node number click on apply and click on OK
• After applying the node number 
• The nodes will look like this

 

Step6:- 

• After creating the beam we have to give the property for the beam
• Click on the property tab then the property dialogue box opens 
• Then click on define to provide the material property

 

Step7:- 

• After clicking on the define option 
• Then select the rectangular  size and material as concrete and size as 0.3m x 0.3m
• Then click on Add and then assign it to the beam

 

 

Step8:- 

• To assign the beam select the assign to selected beam option in the assignment method tab
• Then click on the assigned option 
• Then it will be assigned to the beam 

 

Step9:- 

• This is the snapshot of assign of property to the beam
• The rectangular section having 0.3mx0.3m dimension with concrete material is assigned here

 

Step10:- 

• Now we have to assign the material to the beam
• Click on the material tab then the material dialogue box opens 
• In default it's isotropic keep it as it is 
• Select the concrete and click on the member to assign it

 

 

Step11:- 

 

• After assigning the materials go to the supports 
• Then the support dialogue box opens click on Create option
• Then the create support dialogue box opens 

 

 

Step12:- 

• Here we have to provide the pinned support
• After clicking on add the support appears on the support dialogue box 

 

Step13:- 

• Select the assign option then click on the node to which you want to assign the pinned support
• Then click on the Esc button

 

Step14:- 

• Here we need to assign the load P = 50KN, the load P is located 5m from each support
• So we are inserting the nodes to assign the load
•  In the geometry tab click on the insert node option 

 

Step15:- 

• After clicking on the insert node option the insert nodes  into beam tab appears
• Specify the distance between  5m and 15m from the first node
• Then click on add new point then click on OK

 

 

StepAfter

• After inserting the nodes into the beam
• The snapshot will look like this 

 

Step17:- 

• After assigning the support assign loads for the beam 
• We have to provide the 50KN force at 5m from each end (Mentioned in the question)
• To assign the loads go to the loading tab 
• First assign the load cases 
• Select the load cases details then click on the add button 
• After clicking on the add button 
• Then the load cases dialogue box opens select the primary in the left corner
• Select the loading type as dead then click on add button
• After clicking on the add button select the load case 1
• Then click on add

 

 

Step18:- 

• After selecting the add option the add new dialogue box opens then select the nodal load in that select the node
• Where P = 50KN, 
• Then click on add

 

Step19:- 

• Select the Fy = -50KN 
• Select the use cursor to assign option in the assignment method 
• Select the assign to selected view then click on assign
• Then the 50KN is assigned to the middle of the beam

 

Step20:- 

• This is how the 50KN load acting 5m from each support is shown
• The load is acting downward

 

Step21:- 

• After assigning the load to the beam 
• Go to the analysis tab then click on the define command

 

Step22:- 

• Then the analysis command dialogue box opens 
• Select the performance analysis and click on the no print in the print option
• Then click on add then close it

 

 

Step23:- 

• After adding the analysis command to the beam
• Then Run the analysis by clicking on the Run analysis tab or use a ctrl+F5 button

 

Step24:- 

• After clicking on the Run analysis wait for the analysis 
• Here the error, warnings and notes should be zero 
• But here I'm getting the 1 warning and 1 note
• Click on done 

 

 

Setep25:- 

• To solve the waring and notes 
• Go to the utilities tab then select the common file
• Then change the option from STAAD space to STAAD plane

 

Step26:- 

• Then Run the analysis again 
• After clicking on the Run analysis wait for the analysis 
• Here the error, warnings and notes should be zero 
• Then click on the view output file 
• Then click on done 

 

Step27:- 

• In default the envelope of load cases in the  selected list is selected
• Select the "1 Load case 1" in the selected column
• Then click on apply
• In default we see the displacement of the beam 
• Change it to shear force by selecting the Fx, Fy
• The result values are displayed on the right side of the screen
• If in case you are not visible the shear force properly then you should scale the shear force value
• We go to shear force for both the y and z axes by right-clicking the mouse right button going to the labels then going to the scale then you will get the shear force

 

Step28:- 

• After checking the result of the shear force of the beam 
• Go to the beam result then you will see the bending moment
• The result values are displayed on the right side of the screen
• If in case you are not visible the bending  moment properly then you should scale the bending Z
• We go to bending Z by right-clicking the mouse button then going to the labels then going to the scale then you will get the bending Z

 

 

Result:-

• A supported beam has been modelled by using STAAD.Pro software
• In the result the maximum shear force is 50KN
• In the result the maximum bending moment is 250KNm

 

                                                                        Shear force 

 

 

 

                                                                             Bending moment

 

 

 

B.Fixed Beam
           a. Span L = 16m
           b. Uniformly Distributed Load w=9kN/m

 

Aim:- To model the fixed beam by using the STAAD.Pro software

Introduction:-

STAAD.Pro

•  STAAD Pro is one of the popular software that is used for the analysis and design of structures like buildings, towers, Industries, Bridges etc.,
• STAAD Pro stand for Structural Analysis and Design Program
• This software deals with Civil Engineer and Structural Engineer
• They are authorized dealers of Bently System India Pvt.Ltd
• STAAD.Pro helps structural engineers perform 3D structural analysis and design for both steel and concrete structures 
• If the design is done in a  physical model then it can be transformed into an analytical model 

Beam:- 

• Beam is a structural element that primarily resists load applied laterally 
• The mode of deflection is primarily by bending
• Beam is made up of concrete and reinforcement 
• Here the load is carried by the slab and transferred to the beam then to the column and the foundation
• We have different kinds of supports for the beams like support, fixed support, hinge support, roller support

 

Step1:-

• Open the STAAD software by double-clicking on it
• Then the startup file opens 
• Click on the New option then the screen appears like this
• Give the file name which you want and give the location of where you want to save by clicking on the browser option
• Then select the units as a metric
• Then click on the create

 

 

Step2:- 

• After clicking on the create option the screen will look like this
• It includes several parameters like Geometry, Properties, Materials, Specification, Supports, Loading, Analysis, Design 

 

 

Step3:- 

• In this software first we have to provide the grids to the beam for the reference
• Click on the Grid ribbon tab then you will find the grids option click the below arrow then we can see 3 options
• Select the beam grid option, and then the grids will appear

 

 

 

Step4:- 

• When we click on the beam grids we will see the grids with smaller spacing 
• Then we should go to the edit option 
• Change the construction line numbers and change the spacing
• Then click on OK
• After changing the grid lines and spacing 
• Draw the beam having a 16m span

 

 

Step5:- 

• Here the node number is not visible we have to click our mouse's right button
• Then go to the labels
• Then the diagram dialogue box opens here select the node number click on apply and click on OK
• After applying the node number 
• The nodes will look like this

 

 

Step6:- 

• After creating the beam we have to give the property for the beam
• Click on the property tab then the property dialogue box opens 
• Then click on define to provide the material property

 

 

Step7:- 

• After clicking on the define option 
• Then select the rectangular  size and material as concrete and size as 0.3m x 0.3m
• Then click on Add and then assign it to the beam

 

 

 

Step8:- 

• To assign the beam select the assign to selected beam option in the assignment method tab
• Then click on the assigned option 
• Then it will be assigned to the beam 

 

 

Step9:- 

• This is the snapshot of assign of property to the beam
• The rectangular section having 0.3mx0.3m dimension with concrete material is assigned here

 

 

 

 Step10:- 

• Now we have to assign the material to the beam
• Click on the material tab then the material dialogue box opens 
• In default it's isotropic keep it as it is 
• Select the concrete and click on the member to assign it

 

 

 

Step11:- 

• After assigning the materials go to the supports 
• Then the support dialogue box opens click on Create option
• Then the create support dialogue box opens 

 

 

Step12:- 

• Here we have to provide the fixed support
• After clicking on add the support appears on the support dialogue box 

 

 

Step13:- 

• Select the assign button to assign the fixed support condition to the beam supports
• Then click on the ends of the beam to provide the fixed supports
• Then click on the Esc button

 

 

Step14:- 

• Here we need to assign the uniformly distributed load (UDL) = 9KN/m, throughout the beam
• To assign the uniformly distributed load first create the UDL click on add button and select the uniform force  = 9KN/m
• After assigning the support assign loads for the beam 
• We have to provide the 9KN/m UDL  (Mentioned in the question)
• To assign the loads go to the loading tab 
• First assign the load cases 
• Select the load cases details then click on the add button 
• After clicking on the add button 
• Then the load cases dialogue box opens select the primary in the left corner
• Select the loading type as dead then click on add button
• After clicking on the add button select the load case 1
• Then click on add

 

 

 

Step15:- 

• After selecting the add option the add new dialogue box opens then select the uniform force in the member load
• Where UDL = 9KN/m, 
• Then click on add

 

 

Step16:- 

• Select the UDL = 9KN/m 
• Select the use cursor to assign option in the assignment method 
• Select the assign to selected view then click on assign
• Then the UDL = 9KN/m assigned throughout the beam

 

 

 

 

Step17:- 

• This is the how the UDL = 9KN/m is assigned to the beam
• The load is acting downward

 

 

Step18:- 

• After assigning the load to the beam 
• Go to the analysis tab then click on the define command

 

 

Step19:- 

• Then the analysis command dialogue box opens 
• Select the performance analysis and click on the no print in the print option
• Then click on add then close it

 

 

 

Step20:- 

• After adding the analysis command to the beam
• Then Run the analysis by clicking on the Run analysis tab or use a ctrl+F5 button

 

 

Step21:- 

• After clicking on the Run analysis wait for the analysis 
• Here the error, warnings and notes should be zero 
• But here I'm getting the 1 warning 
• Click on done 

 

 

Setep22:- 

• To solve the waring and notes 
• Go to the utilities tab then select the common file
• Then change the option from STAAD space to STAAD plane

 

 

Step23:- 

• Then Run the analysis again 
• After clicking on the Run analysis wait for the analysis 
• Here the error, warnings and notes should be zero
• But here also I'm getting the 1 warning 
• Click on done 
• The warning is "All degrees of freedom fixed"
• Here we can't edit the Foxed support
• So I carry the modelling of the beam with a warning

 

 

Step24:- 

• In default the envelope of load cases in the  selected list is selected
• Select the "1 Load case 1" in the selected column
• Then click on apply
• In default we see the displacement of the beam 
• Change it to shear force by selecting the Fx, Fy
• The result values are displayed on the right side of the screen
• If in case you are not visible the shear force properly then you should scale the shear force value
• We go to shear force for both the y and z axes by right-clicking the mouse right button going to the labels then going to scale you will get the shear force

 

 

Step25:- 

• After checking the result of the shear force of the beam 
• Go to the beam result then you will see the bending moment
• The result values are displayed on the right side of the screen
• If in case you are not visible the bending  moment properly then you should scale the bending Z
• We go to bending Z by right-clicking the mouse button then going to the labels then going to the scale then you will get the bending Z

 

 

Result:- 

• A fixed supported beam has been modelled by using STAAD.Pro software
• In the result the maximum shear force is 72KN
• In the result the maximum bending moment is 191.999KNm

 

                                                                        Shear force

 

 

                                                                             Bending moment

 

 

Conclusion:- 

• All the answers for their respective question is written/typed in detail
• All the answers are in detail and all the practical questions are done by using the STAAD.Pro software