Week 1 Understanding Different Battery Chemistry

Answer1:

Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO):

Cobalt oxide is used as a Cathode terminal. and Graphite carbon is at the anode terminal.

these batteries have short life span. and these are having low thermal stability.

Lithium Manganese Oxide(LMO):

• Here Manganese Oxide is acting as the Cathode
• It has a three dimensional Architecture.
• It has Low Internal Resistance.
• It has High Thermal Stability due to its spinel structure.
• Its cycle life is limited.

LithiumNickelCobaltAluminiumOxide(NCA):

• It is used for special applications since 1999.
• It is similar to NMC in case of higher specific energy.
• It has long life span.
• It is developed from LithiumNickaleOxide and with the addition of aluminium it gives the greater chemical stability.

LithiumNickelManganeseCobaltOxide(NMC) :

• It is most successful among li ion batteries.
• It is a cathode combination of NickleMonganeseCobalt
• It is used for Energy cells or power cells.
• These applications are E-bikes, electric power trains.

Lithium Iron phosphate(LFP):

• Here phosphate is used as a cathode material.
• Lithium phosphate offers good electro chemical performance
• It has long life cycle.
• It has good thermal stability.

LithiumTitanate(LTO):

• Here Lithium titanate is used as a anode material.
• It replaces Graphite in anode in typical li ion battery.
• It has a spinel structure.
• The cathode material we can use either Lithium Manganese oxide or NMC.

1. when charged or discharged at voltage level 1 to 3 volts

2. capacity of Lititanium oxide by involving additional two Lithium ions.

Type Formula Cathode Anode seperator Application
LCO LiCoO2 Cobalt oxide Graphite polyolefin Mobilebatteries, tablets cameras Carbon

LMO LiMn2O4 Lithium Manganese oxide Graphite polyolefin power tools, medicalequipments Carbon

NCA LiNiCoAlO2 Lithium Nickel Cobalt Graphite polyolefin Industrial ,medical , Tesla (Ev)
Aluminium Oxide Carbon

NMC LiNiMnCoO2 Lithium Nickel manganese Graphite polyolefin E-bikes,medical equipments
cobalt oxide Carbon


LFP LiFePO4 Lithium iron phosphate Graphite polyolefin stationery with high current
Carbon

LTO Li2TiO4 Lithium Manganese oxide Lithium Titanate polyolefin UPS , EV , solar street lightning

Answer2 :

Type Nominal Specific Energy (Wh/kg) charging rate (in coloumbs) discharging rate cycle life thermal
Voltage(V) (in coloumbs) runaway(in C)
LCO 3.6 150-200 0.7 - 1 1 500-1000 150

LMO 3.7 100-150 0.7 - 1 1 300-700 250

NCA 3.6 200-260 0.7 1 500 150

NMC 3.6 150-220 0.7 - 1 1 1000-2000 210

LFP 3.2 90-120 1 1 2000 270

LTO 2.4 50-80 1 10 3000-7000 safest among all