Challenge

Week 1 Understanding Different Battery Chemistry

Solution 1:

Anode : Oxidation takes place which leads to release of electrons.

Cathode : Redution takes place which leads to the absorption of electrons.

Cell LCO LMO NCA NMC LFP LTO
Anode Graphite Graphite Graphite Graphite Graphite Lithium
Cathode

Lithium

Cobalt-oxide

Manganese-dioxide

Lithium

Nickel

cobalt

aluminum oxide

Lithium

Nickel

Manganese

Cobalt oxide

Lithium

Iron

Phosphate

Lithium

Manganese Oxide

(or)

Lithium

Nickel

Manganese 

Cobalt oxide

Chemical

Reaction

 Anode:

LiC6 <=> C6 + Li+ + e−

Cathode:

CoO2 + Li+ + e−  <=> LiCoO2

Overall:

C6 + LicoO2  <=> LiC6 + CoO2

Anode:

LiC6 <=> C6 + Li+ + e−

Cathode:

MnO2 + Li+ + e−  <=> LiMnO2

Overall:

C6 + LiMn2O4 <=> LiC6 + Mn2O4

 

Anode:

LiC6 <=> C6 + Li+ + e−

Cathode:

NiCoAlO2 + Li+ + e− <=> LiNiCoAlO2

Overall:

C6 + LiNiCoAlO2 <=> LiC6 + NiCoAlO2

 

Anode:

LiC6 <=> C6 + Li+ + e−

Cathode:

NiMnCoO2 + Li+ + e− <=>  LiNiMnCoO2

Overall:

 C6 + LiMnCoO2 <=> LiC6 + NiMnCoO2
 

Anode:

LiC6 <=> C6 + Li+ + e−

Cathode:

Fepo4 +LI+ +e-  <=> LiFepo4 

Overall:

C6 + LiFePO4 <=> LiC6 + FePo4

 

Anode:

Li4Ti5O12 <=> Ti5O12 + 4Li+ + 4e-

Cathode:

4Mn2O4 + 4Li+ + 4e- <=>   4LiMn2O4

Overall:

4Mn2O4 + Li4Ti5O12 <=> 4LiMn2O4 +Ti5O12

 Battery Specification in details:

Cell Voltage Specific Energy Charge Discharge Cycle Life
LCO 3.60 V 150-200Wh/kg 0.7-1C 1C 500-1000
LMO 3.70 V 100-150 Wh/Kg 0.7-1C 1C 300-700
NCA 3.60 V 200-260 Wh/Kg 0.7C 1C 500
NMC 3.60 V 150-200 Wh/kg 0.7-1C 1C,2C 1000-2000
LFP 3.20 V 90-120 Wh/kg 1C 1C,25C <2000
LTO 2.40 V 50-80 Wh/kg 1C,5C 10C 3000-7000

Solution 2:

Comparison of Lithium Battery types

Cell

Specific

Energy

Specific

Power

Safety Lifespan Cost  Performance
LCO L H L L L M
LMO M M M L L L
NMC M H M M L M
LFP H L H H L M
NCA M H L M M M
LTO M L H H H H

L - LOW        M- MODERATE      H- HIGH

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