Sketch a G+1 residential plan according to Vaastu Shastra and Calculation of Loads as per IS code

AIM -

To draw a plan of G+1 residential building according to Vaastu Shastra and also performe load calculations as per Indian Standard i.e. IS codes and also list out the important drawings required on site.

INTRODUCTION -

Vaastu Shastra -

• Vastu Shastra is the Ancient Indian Science of architecture and acts as a guideline to design your home in a way that enhances positive Cosmic energy.
• Our nature is abundant with power houses of energy sources like the Sun, Wind, Moon, Water, Earth and Fire. (Basically all renewable types of resources)
• Effect of sun rays, the flow of winds, pull of earth's magnetic field and other such cosmic energies can be utilised properly to enhance the positive energy at home.
• A good home needs to radiate the right kind of energy.
• A person dwelling in a house comes under the influence of a specific energy field.
• Architectural changes are not possible for a ready to move house but we can still improve the standard of living.

Significance of Eight directions:-

1. The four cardinal directions are -
   1. North
   2. South
   3. East
   4. West.
2. Four intercardinal directions are -
   1. North-East
   2. North-West
   3. South-East
   4. South-West.

Each direction signifies an aspect of life and is governed by various gods as per Vastu Shastra -

• North-Wealth
• South-Dharma
• West and East-overall prosperity

Basic principles of Vastu Shastra -

1. Shape -
   • Rooms should be preferably square or rectangle.
2. Room Basics -
   • Rooms should be well ventilated, well lit, bright and clean.
3. Home centre -
   • The Centre of the house should be a space without any structures.
4. Stairs and Furniture -
   • Heavy furniture should be kept in the southwest direction.
5. Water -
   • Avoid keeping plants and water features(Paintings of waterfalls or water bodies) in the bedroom.
6. Dining Table -
   • The dining space should be near the kitchen and not near the main door.
7. Mirror placement -
   • The mirror facing the bed is Strictly Prohibited
   • Mirrors in the bedroom need to be placed in such a way that the bed cannot be seen.

Auspicious directions as per Vastu Shastra:-

• Kitchen -
  • South-east is the best direction for the kitchen.
  • North-east to be avoided.
• Staircase -
  • South-west is the best for stairs.
  • North-east to be avoided.
• Toilet -
  • North-west is the best.
  • North-east to be avoided.
• Master Bedroom -
  • South-west is the best
• Guest Room -
  • North-west is the best.
• Living Room -
  • North-west is the best.
• Over Head Tanks -
  • The West is the best.
• Underground Tanks -
  • North-east is the best.
  • South-west to be avoided.

Gateway/entrance of the house -

• The main entrance is the entry point for energy
• The main door should be strong and bigger than other doors in the house and made of superior quality wood preferably teak wood.
• The main door should not be dark because good energy is associated with bright and cheery places.
• Garbage bags, unwanted things and shoes should be kept away from the main door.
• The main door should open in words and ovoid creaking sounds.
• The main door should be constructed in a way that ensures that when we step out we face the north, east or in the northeast direction.
• Avoid placing animal statues near the door.

Living room -

• Living room should be cluster free and it is the place where the family spends most time together.
• Living room should face East, North or north-east, north-west.
• Heavy furniture should be kept in the West or south-west direction of the living space.
• Electronic appliances should be installed in the south-east section of the living room.
• If mirror is placed make sure it is placed on the northern wall.
• An aquarium on the north or eastern wall for prosperity.
• A bright picture of sunrise in the southern wall.
• Shades of yellow, green, Beige and blue on the wall to Infuse liveliness and vibrancy.

Pooja room -

• Rooms in a house for meditation and prayers will ensure spiritual growth.
• East or north-east part of your home is perfect for meditation, yoga and spiritual Pursuits.
• Facing East when you meditate will increase positivity.
• White, Beige, Light Yellow or green are great colours options for meditation room.
• Create a sacred altar and decorate it with candles or incense sticks.

Kitchen -

• Following Vastu for kitchen insurers a healthy life for your families growth.
• Keep water sink away from the gas stove.
• The fridge needs to be placed at the southwest corner.
• Never let your kitchen face the washroom wall or share a common wall with it.

Bedroom -

• Bedroom in south-west direction brings good health and prosperity.
• Avoids bedroom in North East as it may cause health issues.
• Avoid in the south-east zone as it may cause quarrel among couples.
• The bed should be placed in the south-west corner of the bedroom with the head facing West.
• Avoid placing a mirror or television in front of the bed because reflection causes fights and other domestic disruptions.
• Avoid having paintings depicting water or a fountain as it could cause emotional outbreaks
• The use of aromatic oil creates an oasis of calm.
• Never sleep with your head in the north.
• Avoid overhanging beams in the room to enjoy good health.
• Use solid wooden beds instead of Hollow wrought iron beds.
• Paint the bedroom walls in neutral or earthly sheds that radiate positive energy.
• Bedrooms are the place for rest and repose and it's good to have soothing wall colours for a peaceful Aura.

Study room -

• Don't place the table facing a black wall or Window
• Placing a table in the north-east, east or west direction is ideal.
• Select a square or rectangle shape for the study table.
• Hanging bookshelves are best avoided.

Courtyard -

• Brahmasthan is a unique feature of ancient architecture based on Vaastu Shastra.
• It is the centre of your residence and the holiest and most powerful zone.
• Traditional home in Kerala, the Courtyard is always at the centre of the house.
• This path should be perfect and cluster free.
• The placement of kitchen bathroom or pillar/beam attracts negative energy.

Important structural drawings for a project are -

Central line drawing -

• To mark the column positions.
• It is needed in the beginning before excavating.
• All the dimensions are represented from grid positions/grid lines.
• Same grade positions architectural drawing.
• Grid to grid dimension is also provided.

Footings and column layout with reinforcement details -

• The same dimension should be followed as Central line drawing.
• The size of the footing as per design requirement is given here.
• Distance from the grid to the footing is also given.
• Different types of footings can be drawn on the same drawing.
• Standard footing details can be provided if there is place in this drawing( ie. Footing schedule).

Column schedule with reinforcement details -

• If there is no place in footing drawing standard size of footing or Footing schedule can be drawn here.
• A Column schedule with,
  • Name of the column
  • Size of the column
  • Section of the column(Above and below ground level).
• The size and number of the stirrups is also represented here.
• Reinforcement details of the column are provided in this drawing.

Plinth beam layout with reinforcement details -

• Columns that are connected by beams on the plinth level are drawn in this drawing.
• These beams will be resting on the soil.
• Shuttering of these beams is done after the refilling of footing Soil.
• Beams that do not connect two columns should be specified separately, these are called secondary beams.
• Cranking for reinforcement bar should be also given here for the beam.
• Grouping of different plinth beams based on dimensions can be done but should be mentioned.

First floor beam layout with reinforcement details -

• The same beam layout is followed as the first floor out reinforcement.
• Need to mention where sunken slab needs to be provided for toilets.
• Normal slab and first-floor beam details are provided in the same drawing, But for better clarity, we can also provide them separately.
• The thickness of the slab and the dimension to which the slab needs to sink in the sunken slab is also provided in this drawing.

First-floor slab layout with reinforcement details -

• No cranking is done at sunken slabs.
• Crank details should be clearly specified for the rest of the slab.
• The dimension at which the Beam is cranked to the inner side of the beam should be mentioned clearly.
• The main reinforcement with Centre to Centre distance and distributive Centre to Centre distance is provided.
• Grid to grid dimensions can be avoided in this drawing as beam shuttering is already done.

Lift plan and headroom reinforcement details -

• Foundation for lift pit can be drawn here.
• Waterproofing details for the pit is indicated in the drawing.
• Beams at roof slab level are shown in the drawing.
• These lenten beams requirements are taken from the vendor.
• The roof slab of the lift is also drawn.
• Left hook details should also be collected from the vendor.
• The load acting on the hook is also important to be considered.
• Floating columns may be required for overhead tanks or headrooms.
• There are times when we cannot provide columns from the ground floor hence floating columns are given.
• These floating columns rest about the beams.

The important basic details that need to be covered in the drawing to ease the mode of construction -

• Construct a basic template to print the drawing
• This template should have all information of the drawing on the right side of the sheet
• This information starts with notes on the drawing
• These notes can be followed throughout the drawing on the paper
• These nodes can be like
• Only did written dimensions should be followed
• Grade of the concrete
• Clear cover for reinforcement
• Deshuttering time period
• Minimum curing time
• Grade of the bar and yield strength
• Section and lapping of bars
• Lap length

Important information like -

• The size of the printout
• The number of revisions
• Drawn by
• Checked by
• Designed by
• A compass representing north south east west is also drawn
• Name of the project
• Name of the client
• Drawing title
• Drawing number
• Name of the company making the drawing.

PROCDURE -

G+1 Residential plan -

Ground Floor Plan -

First Floor Plan -

Data Required -

• Exernal wall thickness = 230 mm = 0.23 m
• Interior wall thickness = 120 mm = 0.12 m
• Number of beams = 20 x 2 = 40 no.s
• Number of column = 16 x 2 = 32 no.s
• C/C height between floors = 3.5 m

Calculation of load as per Indian Standards -

• The height of this G+1 building is 7.5 m and the wind load of the buildings below 10 m is not considered.
• Thus wind load calculations are not required.

RESULTS -

• The calculated loads of the above G+1 residential plan drawn according to vaastu shastra are
  • Dead Loads -
    • Dead load of single column - 16.875 KN
    • Dead load of beam per meter - 3.375 KN
    • Dead load of lab per square meter - 6.25 KN
    • Dead load of wall per meter length -
      • External wall = 16.1 KN
      • Internal wall = 8.4 KN
  • Live Loads -
    • For floor - 2 KN/m2
    • For staircase, Varandah = 3 KN/m2

CONCLUSION -

In this project I learned about the detailed Vaastu Shastra and load calculation of residential buildig.

REFERENCE -

IS 875 P-1 For dead loads

IS 875 P-2 For live loads