Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit

• Identify each of the major elements in the above automotive wiring diagram.

1. Battery
2. Starter
3. Foot selector swich
4. Current and voltage regulator
5. Generator
6. Ignition coil
7. Fuse

• Explain the purpose and working of any three elements briefly.

Battery

1. The battery in a car works to power the vehicle's many electrical systems when the engine is not operating.
2. The battery provides power to the starting motor, which rototas the engine to starts, when the driver turns the ignition key. When the engine is operating, the electrical power supplies to keep the engine running and recharges the battery.

Starter

1. In order to crank the engine and start the automobile, the starter must supply the necessary rotation.
2. The starting motor generates mechanical energy by taking electrical energy out of the car's battery and converting it.A signal is given to the starter, which engages the starting motor with the engine, when the driver turns the ignition key. And the gear that meshes with the flywheel of the engine, and the starter is coupled to the engine.

Ignition coil

1. A circuit breaker is a type of electrical switch used to guard against short circuits, overloads, and over currents that might harm an electrical circuit.
2. By altering the distance between the breaker contacts of two metals, the length of time that electrical current flows to the ignition coil may be managed. The ignition coil will overheat and stop working if the gap is too narrow because the current flow duration will be too lengthy. The current flow duration will be very short if the gap is more lengthy, which will lead the performance of the engine.

• If the total load is 10A from battery, what should be the fuse rating?

The fuse rating should, as a general rule, be around 1.25 times nor 1.5 times the expected load current. A fuse with a rating of 10A * 1.25 = 12.5A as minimun and 10A * 1.5 = 15A as highesr will be suitable for a 10A load. Keep in mind that the maximum fuse rating should not be greater than the wires used in the circuit's maximum current carrying capability. The next standard fuse rating that should be 15A fuse as highest rate.

• If 500W is the load, what is the voltage and capacity of battery you recommend?

Power(W) = Voltage(V) * Current(I)

We know;

Power is 500W

And Volt is 12V

500(W) = 12(V) * Current(I)

Current(I) = 500/12

Current (I)= 41.667A

Capacity(Ah) = Current(A) * Time(in hours)

Capacity(Ah) = 41.67(A) * 1(h) = 41.67Ah

Recommended capacity = 41.67 Ah

• Identify any two elements which are connected parallel to each other. Why they are connected in parallel?

1. Parking lamps
2. Horns

Out of the several elements available, I chose two elementswhich are parallely connected across the circuit. A parallel connection between two or more components divides the total current flowing through the circuit so that each component only needs to manage some of the total current. This may reduce the strain on individual components and increase the circuit's durability.

• Identify any two elements which are connected in series. Why they are connected in series?

1. Battery
2. Gas tank unit

When two or more components connect in series, the circuit's entire voltage is divided between them, with some of the total voltage going to each component. To make sure that each component receives the proper voltage for best operation, this can be helpful.