Challenge

Project 2_Creating a 3D rendered model for a Residential Building in AutoCad

AAnaz Mn1 Apr 2023

AIM:-

To create a 3D-rendered model of the residential building with a rendered view

INTRODUCTION:-

The main objective of the project is to create the plan in two dimensions, then convert it into 3D using AutoCAD 3D and rendering.
AutoCAD is highly used for deriving 2D sketches. But it is possible to create 3D models in AutoCAD 3D. It is a three-dimensional computer-aided design, a technology for design and technical documentation, which replaces manual drafting.
The UCS icon gives the orientation of the user coordinate system(UCS) axes and the location of the current UCS origin. It also represents the current viewing direction relative to the XY plane.
AutoCAD displays the UCS icon differently for 2D, 3D, and paper spaces. We can use dynamic UCS to create objects on the planar face of a 3D solid without manually changing the UCS orientation.
There are so many predefined solids, wedges, cylinders, spheres, and many more. There are so many commands like sweep, extrude, press pull, subtract, union, etc are used.
We have to access different views and save that views for further needs.
We have to include different types of materials in the created models and rendered.

COMMANDS:-

1] 2D-TOOLS

UNIT
LIMITS
LAYER
LINE
X-LINE
RECTANGLE
POLYGON
CIRCLE
MIRROR
EXTEND
TRIM
OFFSET
FILLET
ARRAY
COPY
MOVE
ROTATE
ERASE
TEXT
DIMENSION

2] 3D-TOOLS

UCS
BOX
EXTRUDE
REVOLVE
POLYSOLID
PRESSPULL
UNION
SUBTRACT
INTERSECT
SLICE
SWEEP
RENDERING
MATERIALS
CAMERA
SUNLIGHT

EXTRUDE:- Allows creating a 3D object by extruding the face along a path. DRAW> MODELLING> EXTRUDE

SWEEP:- Allows to extrude the 2D objects without the 2D face being orthogonal to the beginning of the path

UNION:- Two region become one and have to extruded

PRESSPULL:- We have to pull the surface using this tool

SUBTRACT:- The command work when there is a common area in both objects. The command subtracts the larger objects from the smaller objects

RENDERING:- Creating a raster image based on 3D objects in a scene. A renderer is used to calculate the appearance of the materials attached to the objects in a scene.

OBJECTIVE:-

The main objective of the project is to understand and work with all the tools in the AutoCAD 2D and 3D

To create the plan of the residential building using AutoCAD 2D
Convert the 2D plan to a 3D residential drawing
Designing and placing the doors, windows, stairs, steps, roof slab & Parapet wall work
Adding different colors and materials to each element of the building
Rendering

PROCEDURE:-

1] To create the plan of the residential building in AutoCAD 2D

Open the AutoCad new file
Command units and set the unit to decimal and meter
Set the limits, lower limit, and upper limit so that we have to work on it suitably
Command layer and create the different layers like 2D WALL, 2D door, 2D window text, dimensions, etc,
Select Xline and draw the X-line horizontally and vertically
Make the corner of the wall and offset the wall thickness
Offset the required dimensions horizontally and vertically to get the rooms as per our needs.
Complete the building using offset, copy, fillet, etc
Create the blocks for windows and doors and place them in the desired location
Command dim linear and dim-continue to dimension each room and the whole building
Command m text and create the nametag for each room

2] Convert the 2D plan to 3D by extruding the walls

Select 3D modeling from the settings
Command 3dorbit to view the object in different faces
Turn off layers except for the wall layer
Command join and join the lines
Command ext to get the extrude tool and press enter, give the height as 3000mm
In the place of doors and windows provide a rectangle and extrude the height of the sill level for windows and extrude downwards to get the window portions empty and other wall portions are to be created
Command p-line and draw the p-line from the outer building and extrude it in 450m and place it in the bottom of the wall to get the plinth height
Command union and select the complete drawing to a single entity

3] Designing and placing the doors, windows, stairs, steps, roof slab & Parapet wall work

Create the outline for the wall by rectangle command and offset it to get the window frame, window mullions, and panel.
Create the regions and use subtract command to create the outer frame region and similarly create each layer of the window
Extrude the window frame by 75mm, mullions by 30mm glass by 15mm
Create windows and ventilators of different sizes
Create the door frame and door panel by command a rectangle
create the regions and subtract commands to get the doorframe
Also, create the region for the door panel
Extrude the door frame by 75mm and the door panel by 50mm
Crete the different types of doors for the main door, bedroom doors, and toilet doors
Place the doors in the appropriate position
For creating the stairs R=150,T=250, L=900mm as per the size
For creating steps draw rectangles in the step.
Extrude the first one of a height of 150mm, the second one 300mm, third one 450mm.
To create the roof slab p-line command and draw the p-line on the inner side of the outer wall
Extrude the wall thickness by 120mm
To create the Parapet wall work 150mm thick and 750mm height

4] Adding different colors and materials to each element of the building

From the material browser, we have to assign different types of materials and colors to the different properties of the object
Command material mapping