Project 1 - Controlling a DC motor using PWM and monitoring its Running status

AIM:

Implement a system on the simulator for controlling a DC motor using L293 motor driver, monitor its status and print the running status of motor on the LCD Display.

Goals:

• Implement a system on simulator for Controlling the DC motor using L293 motor driver.
• Displaying the running status of DC motor on the LCD display.

Key Highlights of the Project:

• The DC motor can be controlled by using L293 motor driver.
• The speed of a DC motor can be controlled by varying its input voltage, for doing this is to use PWM (Pulse Width Modulation).

L293D IC is a typical Motor Driver IC which allows the DC motor to drive on any direction

Deliverables of this project:

• Implement the system for controlling DC motor.
• Controlling the speed of the DC motor using PMW.
• Displaying the present running status of DC machine on LCD display.

PROGRAM:

#include <avr/io.h>
#define F_CPU 16000000ul
#include "avr/interrupt.h"
#include <util/delay.h>
#define sw_dir (PIND&(1<<1))
#define sw_spd (PIND&(1<<2))
#define pw (PINC&(1<<3))
#define lcd_port PORTB
unsigned char i;
#define RS_high PORTD|=(1<<5);
#define RS_low PORTD&=~(1<<5);
#define EN_high PORTD|=(1<<6);
#define EN_low PORTD&=~(1<<6);
void lcd_cmd(char cmd)
{
lcd_port=(cmd&0xf0); // Masking 4 bits for 4 bit LCD mode//
RS_low;
EN_low;
_delay_ms(1);
EN_high;
lcd_port=((cmd<<4)&(0xf0));
RS_low;
EN_low;
_delay_ms(1);
EN_high;
}
void lcd_data(char data)
{
lcd_port=(data &0xf0);
RS_high;
EN_low;
_delay_ms(1);
EN_high;
lcd_port=((data<<4)&(0xf0));
RS_high;
EN_low;
_delay_ms(1);
EN_high;
}
void lcd_init()
{

lcd_cmd(0x02);_delay_ms(5);//return the cursor to home
lcd_cmd(0x01);_delay_ms(5); //clear screen
lcd_cmd(0x0C);_delay_ms(5);//display ON cursor OFF
lcd_cmd(0x06);_delay_ms(5);//increment cursor
lcd_cmd(0x80);_delay_ms(5);//force cursor to begin 1st line
lcd_cmd(0x28);_delay_ms(5);//used for 4 bits lcd mode
}
void cursorpos(char x, char y)
{
if ((x<1||x>2)||(y>16||y<1)) // Excecution if loop
{
x=1;
y=1;
}
if (x==1)
{
lcd_cmd(0x7f+y);
}
else
{
lcd_cmd(0xBF+y);
} }
void lcd_out(char x, char y, char *str)
{
cursorpos(x,y);
while (*str)
{
lcd_data(*str);
str++;
} }

int main() // execution of main function
{
DDRB=0xFF; //datadirective register Bb is enabled
DDRA|=((1<<0)|(1<<1)); // port 0 and 1 is enabled
DDRD&=~(1<<1); //port D1 is reest
DDRD&=~(1<<2);
DDRD|=(1<<5);
DDRD|=(1<<6);
DDRC&=~(1<<3);
PORTD|=(1<<2);
PORTC|=(1<<3);
i=64;
TCCR0=0X61;
GICR=(1<<INT0);
MCUCR=0X02;
sei();
lcd_init();

while (1)

{
while(pw==0)
{
if (sw_dir==0)
{
PORTA=0b00000001;
lcd_out(1,1,"Motor is Running");
lcd_out(2,3,"Clockwise");
}
else
{
PORTA=0b00000010;
lcd_out(1,1,"Motor is Running");
lcd_out(2,3,"Anticlockwise");
}
OCR0=i;
}
PORTA=0x00;
lcd_out(1,1,"Motor is Off");
lcd_out(2,3,"Caution !!!!!");
}
}
ISR(INT0_vect) //interupt service routine 0
{
i=i+20;

}

Expected Outcomes/REPORTS:

• Implement a system on simulator to control a DC motor using PMW.
• Monitoring the running status of the DC motor using L293 motor driver which allows the DC motor to drive on any direction.
• Running status i.e. on which direction the DC motor is running is to be displayed on the LCD screen.