Photo Realistic Rendering

Modelling of American Chopper in Solidworks

Introduction:

Solidworks is one of the prominent modelling software available.

This software is mainly used to model 3D parts using 2D sketch.

It also has the option to specify the material and look for the model which we create.

It has other Add-in features like photoview360 which helps in rendering of the final model to make it look photo realistic.

In this project we learnt about detailed design of American chopper parts and assembling them and rendering the final chopper after the assembly.

Objective:

The main objectives of this project are:

• To create individual parts of chopper using Solidworks
• To assemble all the individual parts into a chopper
• To know the application of decals, lights, camera etc.
• To create photorealistic model and render it using photoview 360 and Solidworks Visualize.

Kickstand :-

Feature used to creat kickstand:

• Sketch
• Loft
• Dome
• Cut-Extrude
• Split
• Boss-Extrude
• Fillet

Sketch:-

The sketch is a 2D representation of the model. These are known as entities in Solidworks. e.g.: line, rectangle, spline, circle, arc etc.

Loft:-

Loft creates a feature by making transitions between profiles. A loft can be a base, boss, cut, or surface. You create a loft using two or more profiles. Only the first, last, or first and last profiles can be points. All sketch entities, including guide curves and profiles, can be contained in a single 3D sketch.

Dome:-

You can apply domes to faces whose centroid lies outside the face. This allows you to apply domes to irregularly shaped contours.

Cut-Extrude:-

This feature used to remove the material from 3d sketch model.You can cut in both direction and mainly you can used creating holes, slotted channel, hollow parts etc.

Split :-

Use the Split feature to create multiple parts from an existing part. You can create separate part files, and form an assembly from the new parts. You can split one or more solid or surface bodies. To split a surface, the Trimming Surface must extend past the boundaries of the surface to split.

Extrude:- This feature used to creat 2D sketch into 3D sketch Model.

Fillet :-Fillet/Round creates a rounded internal or external face on the part. You can fillet all edges of a face, selected sets of faces, selected edges, or edge loops.

Procedure followed to create a model of Kickstand:

First open a new Solidworks part.

. Before creating the sketch change the default planes as follows:

1. Front Plane-Frontplane
2. Top Plane-Top Plane
3. Right Plane-Mid Plane

• Then, select mid Plane and start sketch
• Then 2D sketch is created in the front plane and dimensions are given and sketch is fully defined, while sketching we use spline and trimcommands
• There are two new planes created and ellipse is drawn in the new plane as per the requirement.
• Then the loft command is used to create loft for the kickstand.
• The extrude cut is used to cut parts which are not required for the stand.
• Then the dome feature is applied to the smaller face of the kickstand to make the face round and smooth.
• Fillets are for required to the sharper edges for required radius.

Transmission Belt:-

Feature used to creat Transmission Belt:

• Sketch
• Offset
• Boss-Extrude
• Fillet

Offset:

Offset one or more sketch entities, selected modeledges or model faces by specified distance. For e.g. You can offset sketch entities such as splines or arcs, set of model edges, loops and so on. You can offset finite lines,arcs and splines.

Procedure to create a model of transmission belt:

• Firstly, open a new Solidworks Part.
• Then, select the Front Plane and select the sketch
• The 2D sketch is created in the Front plane and dimensions and relations are given to make the sketch fully defined. While sketching offset command is used to make a duplicate sketch to some distance.
• After this process the sketch is closed. Then the extrude command is used to convert 2D sketch to 3D model.
• Then Fillet is given to the belt as per the given dimensions

Front Fender :-

The front fender is the mounted on the front fork above the wheel to protect the rider and the chopper other parts from the debris and particles.

Feature used to creat Front Fender :-

• Sketch
• Revolve
• Split
• Fillet

Revolve:

Create a sketch that contains one or more profiles and a Centre line or an edge to use as the axis around which the feature revolve tools

Rear Fender:-

The use of rear fender is the same as front fender. The rear fender is mounted on the Chassis of the rear part above the Rear Wheel.

Features used to model Rear Fender:

• Sketch
• Revolve
• split
• fillet
• Shell

Shell:-

The Shell Definition PropertyManager is used to define the thickness of thin and thick shell elements. You can also define a shell as a composite for static, frequency, and buckling studies.

Chain:

Chain is a type of transmission system that is used to transmit a power from the Engine to the Rear wheel. The sprocket is used to transmit the power to the chain. The sprocket is connected with the shaft with the help of a key.

• Sketch
• Trim
• Fillet
• Blocks
• Extrude
• Patterns
• Appearances

Trim entities:

You can make, save, edit and insert blocks for drawing items and sketch entities that you use often, such as standard notes, title blocks, label positions and so on. You can attach blocks to geometry or to drawing views and you can insert them into sheet formats.

To make Blocks:

1. Create
2. Click Make Block( tools> block> make block)
3. Select the entity you want to make as a block for Block entities
4. Click ok and save the first block
5. Repeat steps 2-4 for another block
6. With the sketch in edit mode, add necessary relations.
7. Finally save the part

Patterns

The curve driven pattern tool allows you to create Patterns along a Planar or 3D curve. You can base your pattern on a open curve or on a closed curve such as circle. In the chain part curve driven pattern is used

Oil Tank:-

Features used to model Oil Tank:

• sketch
• Extrude
• Combine
• Fillet
• Shell

Shell:

The shell feature is used to define the thickness of thin and thick shell elements.

Combine:

Combine feature is used to manually combine two bodies like add, subtract etc.

Pedal:-

Features used to model Pedal:

• sketch
• Extrude
• Fillet
• Revolve
• Dome
• Chamfer
• linear Pattern

Chamfer:

A cut on the edge or corner of something that makes it slope slightly rather being perfectly square.

Linear pattern:

It is also same as circular pattern. The feature or the bodies are patterned linearly.

Front Wheel:

A wheel is a circular block made of steel/ alloy material. On the top of wheel, the Tire is covered. The tire is made of rubber and it has thin wires within it.

Features used to create Front Wheel:

• Sketch
• Revolve
• Extrude
• Cut-Extrude
• Circular Pattern
• Combine
• Fillet
• Chamfer
• Revolve
• Combine

Circular Pattern:

Circular pattern is used to create a pattern of spokes and the pattern of groves available in the tire. It is also used to create holes in the discs of the front wheel. The parent bodies/ features are used to create number of instances required to create the pattern circularly.

REAR WHEEL:

A circular object that revolves on an axis and is fixed below a vehicle or other object enabling it to move easily over the ground

The disc and sprocket are attached with rear wheel.

The chain is connected between the Engine and rear wheel.

Features used to create rear wheel

• Sketch
• Revolve
• Extrude
• Cut-Extrude
• Circular Pattern
• Combine
• Fillet

FRONT FORK:

Most motorcycles today use telescopic forks for the front suspension. The forks can be most easily understood as simply large hydraulic shock absorbable with internal coil springs. They allow the front wheel to react to imperfections in the road while isolating the rest of the motorcycle from that motion.

Feature are Used to Model Front Fork:-

• Sketch
• Revolve
• Extrude
• Fillet
• Dome
• Cut-revolve
• Body-move/copy
• Sweep
• Combine
• Mirror

Move/ Copy Body:

This feature is used to move/ copy the body from one place to another place

Mirror

By using mirror faces with a mid plane selected only the chosen faces within the revolve will be mirrored.Mirroring bodies can be used whether in a single or multi body part and allows you to select solid geometry instead of the features and faces in a body. In the fork part the one part is created and the other part is mirrored. Then the parts are manually combined.

Sweep:

With the sweep feature we can create a shape by moving a2D sketch profile along a 2D or 3D sketch path.

CHASSIS:

A chassis or a frame forms its skeleton. All the components of a motorcycle like suspension, wheels, fuel tank, seats, handle etc. are attached to this base structure which lends a motorcycle itsstrength and ability to handle well .

Feature are Used to Model Chassis:-

• Sketch
• Blueprint Chopper
• Curve
• Sweep
• Mirror
• Extrude
• Cut-Extrude
• Chamfer
• Fillet
• Dome
• Split
• Combine
• Trim

Engine:-

Feature are to creat Engine Model:-

• Sketch
• Blueprint
• Boss-Extrude
• Fillet
• Revolve
• Circular pattern
• Chamfer
• Dome
• Fillet
• Split
• Compcurve
• Mirror

Composite curve:

This feature is used to join two curves and make them a single curve. Eg combining a projected curve to another curve etc.

GAS TANK:

Gas tanks are used to store gas and its gives gas to the engine when required.

Feature are Used to creat Fuel Tank:-

• Sketch
• Surface_sweep
• Surface-Trim
• Surface_Loft
• Split
• Fillet
• Shell
• Surface_knit
• Fill Surface

• Loft surfaces:

  Loft surfaces are surfaces generated by multiple 3D curves or existing edges creating a smooth tangency between the selected curves.

  Sweep surfaces:

  Sweep surfaces are surfaces that are generated section curve positioned along a path.

  Fill surface:

  The fill surface feature constructs a surface path with any number of sides with in a boundary defined by existing model edges, sketches or curves including composite curves.

  Surface Trim:

  Primarily used to cut away material from a surface and provides two modes: standard and mutual

  Surface Knit:

  Surface knit is used to knit two free edges open edges of the surface together. Also it reduces the gap between two edges of the surfaces.

ASSEMBLY OF THE CHOPPER:

Initially the Chassis part is inserted in the assembly by using insert parts in the option. After that the part is inserted in the assembly environment and click OK to fix the Chassis.

After that other parts of the chopper are inserted into the assembly and given possible mate conditions.

Mates:

Mates create geometric relationship between the assembly components. As we add mates, we define the allowable directions of linear or rotational motion of the components. We can move a component within its degree of freedom, visualising the assembly behaviour.

RENDERING

Rendering is a process of creating realistic images of the photo realistic model with the environment.

Rendering has been done in two ways in Solidworks:

. Photoview 360

. Solidworks Visualize

In the photorealistic model some of the mate conditions and positions are changed to render realistic models.

Then, the photorealistic model is rendered into realistic images with different views.

Photoview 360:

Photoview 360 is a visualization and rendering solution includes with Solidworks. Providing a highly interactive environment for viewing designs as well as for creating photo-realistic rendering it can be used to showcase our designs as well.