Photo Realistic Rendering

Modelling of American Chopper

Objective:

The main objective of this Project is:

• To create Individual Part models of American Chopper by using Solid works
• To Create Assembly by using all individual Parts
• To Know the applications of Appearances, Scenes and Decals
• To Understand the adding Cameras and Lights
• To create Photorealistic model and render it using Photoview360 and Solid works Visualize.

Introduction:

Solid works is one of the prominent modelling software uses to model 3D Parts using 2D sketch. It also has options Like Appearances to specify the Material and look for the model which we create. It has Add-in features like Photoview360 which helps in Rendering of the final model to make it look as Photorealistic. In this Project we learned about Detailed design of American Chopper Parts, Assembly Modelling and Rendering the chopper final Assembly.

Design Methodology/approach:

Front fender:

The Front Fender is mounted on the front fork above the front wheel to protect the rider and the chopper other parts from debris and foreign Particles.

Features used to Create Front Fender:

• Sketch
• Offset entities
• Trim entities
• Revolve Boss
• Dynamic mirror
• Split
• Appearances

Sketch:

The sketch is 2D representation of model. These are known as entities in solid works. E.g., Line, Circle, Rectangle, Spline, Ellipse etc.

Offset entities:

Offset one more entity, selected model edges or model faces by specified distance. You can offset finite lines, Splines and arcs.

Trim entities:

Trim tools used to trim open sketch entities that lie inside two bounding entities and outside of two bounding entities. Removal of excess lines, arcs etc. after bound with another entity.

Revolve Boss:

Create a sketch that contains one or more profiles and a center line or an edge to use as the axis around which the feature Revolve Tools.

Dynamic Mirror:

It is used as you sketch the entities; they are mirrored about the pre sketched sketch entity.

Split:

This tool is used to protect an entity onto other surfaces or curved or planar faces. You can split faces on multiple bodies with one command.

Rear fender:

The use of Rear fender is same as front fender. The Rear fender is mounted on the chassis of the rear part above the rear wheel.

Features used to Create Rear Fender:

• Sketch
• Offset
• Trim
• Revolve Boss
• Appearances

Transmission Belt:

This is used to Transmit Power from Engine to Gear Box.

Features used to Create Transmission Belt:

• Sketch
• Offset
• Extrude Boss/Base
• Fillet
• Appearances

Extrude Boss/Base:

This feature is used to convert a 2D sketch into a 3D model.

Fillet:

This feature creates a rounded internal or external face on the part. You can fillet all the edges of a face or loops etc.

Kick Stand:

It is also known as side stand. It is used to support the chopper while it needs to rest on the Ground.

Features used to Create Kick stand:

• Sketch
• Loft
• Dome
• Extrude Boss/Base
• Extrude Cut
• Fillet
• Split

Loft:

The Loft feature allows you to generate complex geometry. It does this by interpolating Surfaces between various cross section of the model. These Cross sections can be sketches, faces or edges. In the Loft interface the cross sections are considered as loft profiles.

Dome:

This feature is majorly applied to faces. Select one or more planar or non-planar faces. You can apply dome to faces whose centroid lies outside the face. This allows you to apply domes to irregularly shaped contours.

Extrude Cut:

The feature is used to remove material from the 3D model. It is just opposite to Extrude Boss because it cuts a sketch profile while extruding. You can cut in both directions and mainly used for creating holes, channels, slots etc.

Chain:

Chain is a type of transmission system that is used to transmit a power from engine to the Rear wheel. The Sprocket is used to transmit power to the chain. The sprocket is connected to shaft with help of Key.

Features used to Create Chain:

• Sketch
• Trim
• Fillet
• Blocks
• Extrude
• Patterns
• Appearances

Blocks:

You can make, save, edit and insert blocks for drawing items and sketch entities that you use often, such as standard notes, title blocks, label positions and so on. You can attach blocks to geometry or to drawing views and you can insert them into sheet formats.

Patterns:

The Curve driven pattern tool allows you to create patterns along a planar or 3D curve. You can base your pattern on a open curve or on a closed curve such as circle. In the chain part curve driven pattern Is used.

Oil Tank:

The oil tank is used to store the oil required to run the engine. It is a hollow one. The thickness od Oil Tank is given by 3mm in our chopper model.

Features used to Create Oil Tank:

• Sketch
• Extrude Boss
• Combine
• Fillet
• Shell

Combine:

Combine feature is used to manually combine two bodies like add, subtract etc.

Shell:

The shell feature is used to define the thickness of thin and thick shell elements.

Pedal:

Pedal is the external part attached to the chassis. The pedal is used to place the leg on top of that to give comfort to the rider.

Features used to create Pedal:

• Sketch
• Extrude
• Fillet
• Linear Pattern
• Dome
• Chamfer

Linear Pattern:

It is also same as circular pattern. The feature or Bodies pattern linearly.

Chamfer:

A cut on the edge or corner of something that makes it slope slightly rather being perfectly square.

Front Wheel:

A wheel is a circular block made of steel/alloy material. On the top of wheel, the Tire is covered. The Tire is made of Rubber and it has thin wires in it.

Features used to Create Front wheel:

• Sketch
• Revolve Boss
• Trim
• Sketch Fillet
• Extrude Boss
• Revolve Cut
• Linear Pattern
• Chamfer
• Extrude Cut
• Circular Pattern

Revolve Cut:

This Feature is same as Revolve Boss but instead of adding material, In Revolve cut material will be removed.

Circular Pattern:

This feature is used to create pattern of spokes and the pattern of grooves available in the Tire. It is also used to create holes in the discs of front wheel. The parent bodies/features are used to create number of instances required to create the pattern circularly.

Rear Wheel:

A circular object that revolves on an axis and is fixed below a vehicle or other object enabling it to move easily over the ground. The disc and sprocket attached with rear wheel.

The chain is connected between the Engine and Rear wheel.

Features used to Create Rear wheel:

• Sketch
• Revolve
• Trim
• Sketch Fillet
• Extrude Boss
• Planes
• Revolve Cut
• Linear Pattern
• Chamfer
• Feature Fillet
• Extrude Cut
• Circular Pattern

Front Fork:

Most of the Motor cycles now days using telescopic forks for the front suspension. The forks can be most easily understood as simply large hydraulic shock absorbers with internal coil springs. They allow the front wheel to react to imperfections in the road while isolating the rest of the motorcycle from that motion.

Features used to Create Front Fork:

• Sketch
• Extrude
• Trim
• Revolve
• Split
• Move/Copy Bodies
• Dome
• Mirror
• Combine
• Projected Curve
• Sweep

Move/Copy Body:

This feature is used to move or copy a body from one place to other.

Mirror:

By using mirror faces with a midplane selected only the chosen faces with in the revolve will be mirrored. Mirroring bodies can be used whether in a single or multibody part and allows you to select solid geometry instead of features and faces in a body. In the fork part the one part is created and the other part is mirrored. Then the parts are manually combined.

Projected Curve:

Projected curve is a kind of 3D curve which is projected based on the two different 2D sketches.

Sweep:

With the sweep feature we can create a shape by moving a 2D sketch profile along a 2D or 3D sketch path.

Chassis:

A chassis or a frame forms its skeleton. All the components of a motorcycle like suspension, wheels, fuel tank, seats, handle bars etc. are attached to the base structure which lends a motor cycle its strength and ability to handle well.

Features used to Create Chassis:

• Sketch
• Offset
• Convert Entities
• Project Curve
• Trim
• Sweep
• Split
• Revolve
• Extrude Cut
• Fillet
• Combine

Convert Entities:

This feature is used to avoid re sketch which is we need to draw with same dimensions on another parallel plane or face to excited sketch. We can use a face of body as reference and reflect directly on our sketch plane.

Engine:

Engine is the prime mover for the bike. The engine converts a chemical energy into heat energy and then the heat energy is converted into mechanical work.

The mechanical work in the engine is rotation motion. The rotation is transmitted to wheel with the help of chain and sprocket through the gearbox and clutch.

Features used to Create Engine:

• Sketch
• Trim
• Revolve
• Extrude Boss
• Extrude Cut
• Offset
• Dome
• Fillet
• Projected Curve
• Composite Curve
• Sweep
• Mirror
• Circular Pattern
• Split

Composite Curve:

This feature is used to join the two curves and make them as single curve. E.g., Combining a projected curve to another curve.

Gas Tank:

Gas Tank is used to store the gas and it gives to the engine when it required.

Features used to Create Gas Tank:

• Trim
• Projected Curve
• Sweep Surface
• Loft Surface
• Fill Surface
• Surface Trim
• Surface Knit
• Sweep Cut
• Fillet

Sweep Surface:

Sweep surfaces are surfaces that are generated from a section curve positioned along a path.

Loft Surface:

Loft surfaces are surfaces generated by multiple 3D curves or existing edges creating a smooth tangency between the selected curves.

Fill Surface:

The Fill surface feature constructs a surface path with any number of sides with in a boundary defined by existing model edges, sketches or curves including composite curves.

Surface Trim:

Primarily used to cut away material from surface and provides two modes: Standard and Mutual.

Surface Knit:

Surface Knit is used to Knit two free edges/open edges of the surface together. Also reduces the Gap between two edges of the surfaces.

Assembly of Chopper:

• Initially the Chassis part is inserted in the assembly by using insert parts in the option. After that the part Is inserted in the assembly environment and click ok to fix the chassis.
• After that other parts of the chopper are inserted into the assembly and given possible mate conditions.

Features used in Assembly Chopper:

• Inserting Parts
• Mates

Mates:

Mates create geometrical relationship between the assembly components. As we add mates, we define the allowable directions of linear or rotational motion of the components. We can move a component with in its degree of freedom, visualizing the assembly of behavior.

Rendering:

• Rendering is a process of creating realistic images of the photorealistic model with the environment.
• Rendering has been done in two ways of solid works.
• Photoview360
• Solid works visualize

In the photorealistic model some of the mate conditions and positions are changed to render realistic models. Then, the photorealistic model Is rendered into realistic images with different views.

Photoview360:

Photoview360 is a visualization and rendering solution includes with solid works. Providing a highly interactive environment for viewing designs as well as for creating photo realistic rendering it can be used to showcase our designs as well.

Solid Works Visualize:

Solid works Visualize provides a suite of stand-alone software tools that combine industry leading rendering capabilities with visual design-oriented features and workflows, allowing easy and fast creation of visual content that communicates a designs vision, passion and emotion.

Conclusion:

• The Parts of the American Chopper are modeled.
• The Chopper is assembled by inserting the parts in assembly environment.
• The Realistic images were rendered with use of Photoview360 and Solid works visualize.