Introduction to National Building Code and Steps in a Construction project
1) Why are building codes or standards essential for the modeling/ efficiency of drawings in Revit?
ANS. Building codes give us certain rules to be followed in the planning by specifying certain limits by taking various things into consideration. By following the building code there will be more chances of the plan being approved.
Every effort that we make in the project is associated with money. If we design for a specific height, then all the tasks associated are completed and the building doesn't get approved. All work might have no use. We should change the plan again using the building code and make changes again.
2) From the National Building Code list the groups that will be essential to you when you begin modeling in Autodesk Revit.
Ans)
List of groups that will be essential in modeling a project in Revit are:-
1. Architects
2. Civil Engineer
3. Structural Engineer
4. Electrical engineer
5. Plumbing Engineer
6. Fire protection Engineer
7. HVAC Engineer
8. Environment specialist
9. Town planner
10. Urban Engineer
11. Landscape Architects
12. Security system Engineer
13. Interior Designer
14. Quantity surveyor
15. Project manager
3) List the five major steps that occur in the project cycle. The steps should include from conceptualization of the project to maintenance and final stage.
ans)
1. Initiation 2. Planning 3. Execution 4. Control
5. Closure
1. In this stage, the management or other authority figures have determined a business need l hat will require the work of a project manager. The project itself could improve business processes, create revenue, or otherwise fill a need in the organization. ·
2. The planning phase is when the project plans are documented, the project deliverables and requirements are defined, and the project schedule is created. It involves creating a set of plans to help guide your team through the implementation and closure phases of the project.
3.After the planning stage is complete, it's time to begin doing the work. Hence the execution stage, or the stage where a project is carried out
4.it is the process of consistently monitoring progress during execution to ensure your team is performing as they should.
5.it is the final stage of the project life cycle, and it begins after a project has been completed.
A land development/building project comprises the following major stages:
a) Location/ siting,
b) Conceptualization and planning,
c) Designing and detailing,
d) Construction/ execution, and
e) Maintenance and repair.
4) Give examples of different disciplines involved in the construction of a project.
Construction: Managing the building.civil engineering systems from cradle to grave to include coordination between the owner, contractor, and designer.
Cost Estimation: It includes accounting, financial contracts, and estimating the ·cost of activities.
Contractors: effective contract administration is integral to acquiring the next job or project as a construction manager.
Geotechnical: Designing foundations and earthwork systems to support soil itself and transfer loads from structures into the earth while limiting settlements.
Management: Managing equipment, personnel, and supplies to build more effectively, efficiently, and economically.
Structural: Designing systems of structural members used to support loads for a specified public function such as bridges, buildings, dams, and bell towers.
Surveying: Measuring physical features to include horizontal distances and elevation differences to determine property lines, lay outbuildings, and produce maps.
Appropriate multi-disciplinary teams need to be constituted to successfully meet the requirements of different stages. Each team may comprise need-based professionals out of the following depending upon the nature, magnitude, and complexity of the project:
a) Architect,
b) Civil engineer,
c) Structural engineer,
d) Electrical engineer,
e) Plumbing engineer,
f) Fire protection engineer, g) HVAC engineer,
h) Environment specialist,
j) Town planner,
k) Urban designer,
m) Landscape architect,
n) Security system specialist,
p) Interior designer,
q) Quantity surveyor,
r) Project/construction manager, and
s) another subject specialist (s).
5) How are buildings classified? Place the following buildings under each category
a. Four unit apartments
b. School with a capacity of 1000 students
c. A single unit shop.
d. Multi story Shopping complex
e. Steel machine factory
ans)
The National Building Code of India (NBC), a comprehensive building Code, is a national instrument providing guidelines for regulating the building constru_ction activities
across the country. 1t serves as a Model Code for adoption by all agencies involved in building construction works be they Public Works Departments, other government construction departments, local bodies, or private c~nstruction agencies. The Code mainly contains administrative regulations, development control rules, and general building requirements; fire safety requirements; stipulations regarding materials, structural design and construction (including safety); building and plumbing services; approach to
sustainability; and asset and facility management.
Group A Residential
Group B Educational
Group C Institutional
Group D Assembly
Group E-Business
Group F Mercantile (relating to trade or commerce; commercial)
Group GIndustrial Group H Storage Group J Hazardous
A) four units apartment comes under group A Residential
B) school with a capacity of 1000 students comes under Group B education
C) A single unit shop comes under Group E-Business
D)Multi-story shopping complex comes under Group F mercantile or Group G Industrial
E) steel machine factory comes under Group G Industrial, Group H Storage, Group J Hazardous
6)Distinguish the roles of the Design team and Management team
ans)
DESIGN TEAM :
A design team can be a singular individual working on design projects across an organization, up to a team of 50+ designers who have their own department. There's a lot that goes into effectively leading a design team.
In building projects, various aspects like form; space planning; aesthetics; fire and life safety; structural adequacy; plumbing services; lighting and natural ventilation; electrical and allied installations; air conditioning, heating, and mechanical ventilation; acoustics, sound insulation, and noise control; installation of lifts and escalators; building automation; data and voice communication; other utility services installations; landscape planning and design; urban planning; etc need to be kept in view right at the concept stage. The projec1requiring such multidisciplinary inputs need a co-ordinated approach among the professionals for proper integration of various design inputs. For this, and
to take care of the complexities of multi-disciplinary requirements, a design team of professionals from required disciplines shall be constituted at the appropriate stage. Here,
it is desirable that the multi-disciplinary integration is
initiated right from the concept stage. The learn shall finalize the plan. The composition of the team shall
depend on the nature and magnitude of the project Design is an evolutionary and participatory process,
where participation of the owner constitutes a very important input at all stages, and the same shall be ensured by the design team. (SP 7 GROUP 1 (2005)NCB - 4.1 DESIGN
TEAM ) MANAGEMENT TEAM:
The management team is the group of individuals that operate at the higher levels of an organization and have day-to-day responsibility for managing other individuals and maintaining responsibility for key business functions. ·
The objective of project management or construction management is primarily to achieve the accomplishment of the project in accordance with the designs and specifications in a stipulated time and cost framework,
with a degree of assurance prior to commencement and satisfaction on Accomplishment. (SP 7 GROUP 1 (2005)NCB-4.2 PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT TEAM )
7) Refer to NBC, Identify the modeling requirements for the project ( from week 4).
a. Height Limitations
b. Area Limitations
c. Room sizing
d. Wall height
e. Thickness based on fire life and safety f. Passageway requirements
ans)
a. height limitations :
A-2 HEIGHT RESTRICTION
No building or structure higher than the height specified in Tables 5 and 6 shall be constructed or erected, or no tree which is likely to grow or ordinarily grows higher than the height specified in Tables 5 and 6, shall be planted, on any land within a radius of 20 km from ARP of the aerodromes listed
C-2. 5 Height of Building (FORM NBC )
The height of the building shall not exceed 15m. NOTES
1 For buildings up to the height of 15 m, there is no need to provide lifts. 2 Housing for the low-income group shall preferably be up to
a maximum of two stories.
3 Buildings for housing beyond 15 min height should be resorted to in exceptional circumstances and it should be
governed by provisions laid down in this Code.
According to me. model, the height is 7.3m. Therefore it does not extend 15 m, so my project is according to NBC standards in height limitations
b.area limitations : (FORM NCB ).
The minimum plot size with ground coverage not exceeding 75 percent, shall not be less than 40 m2 in small and medium towns and not less than 30 m2 in metropolitan cities. Plot sizes below 30 m2 but not less than 15 m2 may be pen11itted in the case of cluster planning.
According to my model the area is not less than 40 m^2, my plot size is 40.1 feet x 43.9 feet
c. Room sizing
Every dwelling unit to be provided should have at least two habitable rooms. Even if a one-room house is provided initially it should be capable of adding a new second room in the future. However, in case single room tenements are required 10 be provided where future additions are not possible, the carpel area of the multipurpose single room should be at least 12.5 m2. Such one-room dwelling units with 12.5 m2 carpel area
of habitable space is permitted only in case of on-site rehabilitation of slum dwellers. In a house of two rooms, the first room shall not be less than 9.0 m2 with a minimum width of 2.5 m and the second room shall not be less than 6.5 m2 with a minimum width of 2.1 m provided the total area of both the rooms is not less
than 15.5 m2.ln incremental housing the bigger room shall always be the first room.
According to my model, the room sizing is according ta NCB
d.wall height
F-3.4 Minimum Height.
The minimum height of rooms/spaces shall be as follows:
PART 3 DEVELOPMENT CONTROL RULES AND GENERAL BU/WING REQUIREMENTS 59 a) Habitable room 2.75 m
b) Kitchen 2.6 m
c) Bath/ water-closel 2.2 m
d) Corridor 2.1 m
F-3.4.1 /n the case of sloping roofs, the average height of the roof for habitable rooms shall be 2.75 m and the minimum height at eaves shall be 2.10 m.
According to my model, the walls are according ta NCB
e.Thickness (NCB GROUP 1 TO 5)
According to my model, the thickness of the wall is according to NCB
f.Passageway requirements
The residential plots shall about on public means of access like street/road. Plots which do not abut on a street/road shall abut/frot on means access. the width and other requirements of which shall be as given in table1
8) We have identified requirements for modeling from question 7, Use these numbers from the codebook and verify the numbers used in modeling the unit from week 2 to week 4. If the numbers are not reasonable,use the numbers obtained from the code book to create a revision of the mode.
