Introduction to National Building Code and Steps in a Construction project

AIM : ANSWER THE ABOVE QUOSTIONS

1)BUILDING CODE BUILDING CODE IS A SET OF RULES THAT SPECIFY THE STANDARDS FOR CONSTRUCTED OBJECTS SUCH AS BUILDINGS AND NONBUILDING STRUCTURES

CODES EXPRESS ALL ASPECTS OF CONSTRUCTION INCLUDING STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY FIRE RESISTANCE.SAFE EXISTS,LIGHTING.ELECTRICAL ENERGY CONSERVATION,PLUMBING FACILITIES,VENTILATION,SEISMIC DESIGN AND CORRECT USE OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS.

BUILDING CODES CLASSIFY STANDARD BY USE AND APPLY DIFFERENT STANDARDS TO EACH

CLASSIFICATION A BUILDING CODE IS A SET OF RULES TO REGULATE THE CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

A BUILDING CODE CONTAINS ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS DEVELOPMENT CONTROL RULES AND GENERAL BUILDING REQUIREMENTS

BUILDING CODES OR STANDARDS ESSIENTIAL FOR MODELLING OF DRAWING BECAUSE

THE MAIN PURPOSE OF BUILDING CODES ARE TO PROTECT PUBLIC HEALTH, SAFETY AND GENERAL WELFARE AS THEY RELATE TO CONSTRUCTION AND OCCUPANCY OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

MODEL BUILDING CODES PROVIDE PROTECTION FROM TRAGEDY CAUSED BY FIRE STRUCTURAL COLLAPSE AND GENERAL DETERIORATION

CODES AND STANDARD ALLOW PERSONNEL TO EXPAND THEIR KNOWLEDGE BASE BY USE OF THE DOCUMENTS

DESIGNERS USE BUILDING CODE STANDARDS OUT OF SUBSTANTIAL REFERENCE BOOKS DUING DESIGN THE BUILDING CODE BECOMES LAW OF PARTICULAR JURISDICTION WHEN FORMALY ENACTED BY APPROPRAITE GOVERNMENT OR PRIVATE AUTHORITY

2)

THE VARIOUS GROUPS THAT WILL BE ESSENTIAL TO ONE WHEN ONE BEGIN MODELLING IN AUTODESK REVIT FEOM NATIONAL BUILDINGS CODE ARE

ARCHITECTS

CIVIL ENGINEER

STRUCTURAL ENGINEER ELECTRICAL ENGINEER

PLAUMBING ENGINEER

FIRE PROTECTION ENGINNER

HVAC ENGINEER

ENVIRONMENT SPECLIST

TOWN PLANNER

URBAN ENGINEER

LANDSCAPE ARCHIETS

SECURITY SYSTEM ENGINEER

INTERIOR DESIGNER

QUANTITY SERVEYOR

PROJECT MANAGER

3)

THE FIVE PHASES OF MANAGEMENT INCLUDE

1. INITIATION
2. PLANNING
3. EXECUTION
4. PERFORMANCE/MONITORING
5. PROJECT CLOSE

INITIATION:

THIS IS THE FIRST STEP IN STEP IN THE PROJECT CYCLE .

IT CAN ALSO BE REFERRED TO AS THE IDEATION OR CONCEPTUALIZATION STAGE

FORMALIZATION OF DESIGN WITH CLIENTS

SITE INVESTIGATION AND SURVEYING THE PLOT

SELECTION OF THE CONCEPTUAL DESIGN TO DESIGN IN REQUIRED PLOT

DEVELOPMENT OF DESIGN FOR THE LAYOUT

PREPARTAION OF PRIMILARY DESIGN

ESTIMATION OF COST IS TO BE ESTIMATED

PREAPARATION OF DETAIL BOQ

PLANNING:

THIS IS THE SECOND STEP IN THE PROJECT CYCLE

IT IS A STAGE WHERE ONE HAVE TO PLAN THE LAYOUT OF THE PROJECT

ONE HAVE TO ESTIMATE THE COST OF THE PROJECT PREAPARATION OF SCHEDULES AND DEADLINES

ONE HAVE TO DISCUSS THE TEAMS AND INDIVUDUAL RESPONSIBILITIES

LABOURS AND MATERIALS AND ALL EQUIPMENTS TO BE ARRANGED

PROJECT WORKFLOWS

EXCUETION:

THIS IS THE THIRD STAGE IN THE PROJECT

IT IS A LONGEST AND MOST IMPORTANT STAGE OF OUR PROJECT ONE HAS TO SET TASKS TO TEAM MEMBERS STARTING THE WORK

EXCAVATION IS TO BE DONE AND FOUNDATIONS ARE TO BE LAID ACCORDING TO DEADLINE

USE THE RESOURCES THAT WERE ALLOCATED FOR THE PROJECT IN A EFFECTIVE WAY

RESPOND QUICKLY TO ANY STUMBLING BLOCKS

KEEP STOCK HODERS UPDATED HOW THE PROJECT IS PROGRESSING

MONITORING

THIS IS FORTH STAGE IN THE PROJECT CYCLE

IN THIS STAGE ONE HAS TO CONTROL THE COST COMMUNICATION BETWEEN THE PEOPLE

QUALITY OF OUTPUT AND PERFORMANCE FINDING SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLMES

PROJECT CLOSE:

THIS IS THE FINAL STEP IN THE PROJECT CYCLE

IN HIS STAGWE THE PROJECT MANAGER'S CHECKLIST FOR THE CLOSURE PHASE OF THE PROJECT WOULD TYPICALLY LOOK SOMETHING LIKE THIS

REALESAED ALL DELIVERABLES

TIED UP ANY LOOSE ENDS AND MADE SURE THAT ALL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT HAVE BEEN

COMPLETD SENDING REPORTS TO ALL KEY STAKE HOLDERS

TO PERFORME FINAL ANALYSIS AND TO EVALUATE PROJECT IS SUCCESSED OR NOT

4)

THE DIFFERENT DISCIPLINES INVOLVED IN CONSTRUCTION OF A PROJECT ARE

ARCHITECTS

CIVIL ENGINEER

STRUCTURAL ENGINEER

ELECTRICAL ENGINEER

PLAUMBING ENGINEER

FIRE PROTECTION ENGINNER

HVAC ENGINEER

ENVIRONMENT SPECLIST

TOWN PLANNER

URBAN ENGINEER

LANDSCAPE ARCHIETS

SECURITY SYSTEM ENGINEER

INTERIOR DESIGNER

QUANTITY SERVEYOR

PROJECT MANAGER

5)

1. FOUR UNIT APARTMENTS - RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
2. SCHOOL WITH CAPACITY OF 1000 STUDENTS-EDUCATIONAL BUILDING
3. A SINGLE UNIT SHOP.- MERCANTILE BUILDING
4. MULTI STORY SHOPPING COMPLEX-COMMERCIAL/MERCANTILE BUILDING
5. STEEL MACHINE FACTORY-INDUSTRIAL BUILDING

6)DESIGN TEAM

INTERIOR DESIGNER

QUALITY SURVEYOR

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT

RESIDENT ENGINNER

STRUCTURAL ENGINEER

BULDING SERVICE ENGINNER

CLECK OF WORKS

CONTRACTOR

MANAGEMENT TEAM

NAVAGATION THE SELECTION PROCESS

CLOSING THOUGHTS

7)HEIGHT LIMITATIONS

THE HEIGHT OF THE BUILDING SHALL NOT EXCEED 15M

THE MINIMUM HEIGHT OF THE BASEMENT SHOULD BE 2.5 METERS AND THE MAXIMUM HEIGHT 4.5 METERS.

THE CEILING HEIGHT SHOULD BE A MINIMUM OF 0.9 METERS AND A MAXIMUM OF 1.2 METERS ABOVE THE ROAD SURFACE.

THE HEIGHT BETWEEN THE LOFT AND CEILING SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN 1.75 METERS.

THE HEIGHT LIMITATION OF THE BUILDING SHALL NOT EXCEED 15M.

HOUSING FOR THE LOW- A INCOME GROUP SHALL PREFERABLY BE UP TO A MAXIMUM OF TWO STORIES.

LIFTS SHALL BE PROVIDED IN BUILDINGS MORE THAN SIX STORIES OR 20 M IN HEIGHT. INSTALLATION OF LIFTS SHALL BE CARRIED OUT IN CONFORMITY WITH THE "LIFT ACT" AND RULES THEREUNDER, WHEREVER THEY ARE IN FORCE.

AREA LIMITATIONS

ACCORDING TO NBC 2005, THE MINIMUM PLOT SIZE WITH GROUND COVERAGE NOT EXCEEDING 75%, SHALL NOT BE LESS THAN 40M² IN SMALL AND MEDIUM TOWNS AND NOT LESS THAN 30M² IN METROPOLITAN CITIES.

PLOT SIZE BELOW 30M² AND NOT LESS THAN 15M² MAY BE PERMITTED IN CASE OF CLUSTER PLANNING

FLOOR AREA RATIO (F.A.R) OR FLOOR SPACE INDEX (F.S. I) OR TOTAL BUILT-UP AREA: TOTAL BUILT UP AREA = TOTAL SITE AREA- ALL OPEN SPACES AREA

FLOOR AREA RATIO (F.A.R) = SUM OF ALL FLOORS AREA/PLOT AREA

FLOOR AREA = BUILT-UP AREA-AREA OF WALL THICKNESS.

THE LOCAL AUTHORITY OR THE SECONDARY AUTHORITY IS RESPONSIBLE FOR GOVERNING THE VALUE OF F.A.R, WHICH IS DIFFERENT FOR DIFFERENT ZONES AND TYPES OF BUILDINGS IN THE LOCALITY. THE F.S.I CAN BE UTILIZED FOR CHECKING THE DENSITY OF THE POPULATION. E.G. IF THE PLOT AREA IS 1200 SQFT AND IF THE ALLOWABLE F.S.I AM 0.8, THEN THE MAXIMUM BUILT-UP AREA ALLOWED FOR THE PLOT IS 960 SQFT. AS PER THE NATIONAL BUILDING CODE (NBC-2016) FOR CLEAR UNDERSTANDING, THE BUILT-UP AREA VERSUS PLOT AREA IS AS FOLLOWS.

ROOM SIZING

EVERY DWELLING UNIT PROVIDED SHOULD HAVE AT LEAST TWO HABITABLE ROOMS, EVEN IF THE ONE-ROOM HOUSE IS PROVIDED INITIALLY IT SHOULD BE CAPABLE OF ADDING A NEW SECOND ROOM IN THE FUTURE. HOWEVER, IN CASE SINGLE ROOM TENEMENTS ARE REQUIRED TO BE PROVIDED WHERE FUTURE ADDITIONS ARE NOT POSSIBLE, THE CARPET AREA OF A MULTIPURPOSE SINGLE ROOM SHOULD BE AT LEAST 12.5M². SUCH ONE-ROOM DWELLING UNITS WITH A 12.5 M² CARPET AREA OF HABITABLE SPACE ARE PERMITTED ONLY IN CASE OF ONSITE REHABILITATION OF SLUM DWELLERS. IN A HOUSE OF TWO ROOMS, THE FIRST ROOM SHALL NOT BE LESS THAN 9.0 M² WITH A MINIMUM WIDTH OF 2.5M AND THE SECOND ROOM SHALL NOT BE LESS THAN 6.5 M WITH A MINIMUM WIDTH OF 2.1M PROVIDED THE TOTAL AREA OF BOTH THE ROOMS IS NOT LESS THAN 15.5 M². IN INCREMENTAL HOUSING, THE BIGGER ROOM SHALL ALWAYS BE THE FIRST ROOM.

WALL HEIGHT

ACCORDING TO NBC 2005; CLAUSE F-3.4, THE MINIMUM HEIGHT OF ROOMS AND SPACES

SHOULD BE:

HABITABLE ROOM - 2.75M

KITCHEN - 2.6M

BATH/WATER CLOSET - 2.2M

CORRIDORS - 2.1M

IN THE CASE OF THE SLOPING ROOF, THE AVERAGE HEIGHT OF ROOFS FOR HABITABLE ROOMS SHALL BE 2.75M AND THE MINIMUM HEIGHT AT EAVES SHALL BE 2.1M.

THICKNESS BASED ON FIRE LIFE AND SAFETY

PASSAGEWAY REQUIREMENTS

THE APPROACH TO THE BUILDINGS FROM ROAD/STREET/INTERNAL MEANS OF ACCESS SHALL BE THROUGH THE PAVED PATHWAY OF A WIDTH NOT LESS THAN 1.5 M, PROVIDED ITS LENGTH IS NOT MORE THAN 30 M.

IN THE CASE OF SPECIAL HOUSING SCHEMES FOR THE LOW-INCOME GROUP AND ECONOMICALLY WEAKER SECTION OF SOCIETY DEVELOPED UP TO TWO-STOREYED ROW/CLUSTER HOUSING SCHEME, THE PEDESTRIAN PATHWAY WIDTH SHALL BE 3 M. THE PEDESTRIAN PATHWAY SHALL NOT SERVE MORE THAN 8 PLOTS ON EACH SIDE OF THE PATHWAY: THE LENGTH OF THE PATHWAY SHALL BE NOT MORE THAN 50 M.

THE LENGTH OF THE MAIN MEANS OF ACCESS SHALL BE DETERMINED BY THE DISTANCE FROM THE FARTHEST PLOT (BUILDING) TO THE PUBLIC STREET. THE LENGTH OF THE SUBSIDIARY ACCESSWAY SHALL BE MEASURED FROM THE POINT OF ITS ORIGIN TO THE NEXT WIDER ROAD ON WHICH IT MEETS.

IN EXISTING BUILT-UP AREAS IN THE CASE OF PLOTS FACING STREET/MEANS OF ACCESS LESS THAN 4.5 M IN WIDTH, THE PLOT BOUNDARY SHALL BE SHIFTED TO BE AWAY BY 2.25 M FROM THE CENTRAL LINE OF THE STREET/MEANS OF ACCESSWAY TO GIVE RISE TO A NEW STREET/MEANS OF ACCESSWAY OF 4.5 M WIDTH.

10)EVERY THING IS OK ACCORDING TO NBC

I NEED TO PROVIDE PASSAGEWAY STILL