Identification of Cracks

1a) In this the cracks were formed diagonally from top of the beam to the column joint. This is mainly due to shear failure. To avoid such failure stirrups were provided.

To resolve this structure additional retrofitting were provided to strengthening the structural elements.

1b) Cracks obtained around beam column joint. This may due to insufficient development length of reinforcement. It cannot be repairable as providing additional reinforcement or anchorage to the existing concrete structure is not possible

1c) The cracks were formed at the beam column joint. This failure may either due to plastic hinge failure. Its can repairable by strengthening the joints.

2a) The top of column has been cracked all around. This is also caused by soft storey failure. It can be repairable depends on the column develops.

2b) The column has been collapse alround. This may either less amount of lateral ties arrange on the column. The column may be repaired by additional jacketing alround

2c) The column has been failed entirely and it is supported by props. The mezzanine floor for storage is additionally connected in this column therefore it is required to provide special confinement throughout the height of the column due the stiffness of the column may varies along its height.