Challenge

Final Project: Design of an Electric Vehicle

Note : i am part of live ev batch 13

Theory :

Electric vehicle compared to classic internal combustion engine vehicles , are fairly simple and easy to operate.
An Ev ( electric vehicle) is a vehicle that uses one or more electric motors or traction motor for propulsion .

Components of an EV :

1 ) Battery:

The battery of an electric vehicle can be charge through the use of ordinary grid electricity at a specialized power station.
But aside from the conventional lithium - ion battery technology , they ae also major battery technology which can be used for electric car .

2 ) Motor Controller :

The motor controller of an electric car administers its complete operation and the distribution of its power at any given movement .
Its acts as a floodgate between the motor and batteries .
It helps monitor and regulates all key performance indications such as the vehicle's operator , motor , battery , and accelerator pedal .
It has a microprocessor which can limit or redirect current .
It is used to either improve the mechanical performance of the car or suit the operator's driving style .
There are also more refined controllers which are capable of greater accuracy and thus, higher efficiency .

3 ) Electric Motor :

Unlike a gasoline engine with lots of moving parts , a motor only has one moving part .
This makes it a very reliable source of motive power .
Choosing an electric motor depends on the car's system voltage .
They can be structured to use either AC or DC current .
AC motors are less expensive and lighter compared to DC motors .
They tend to suffer from less mechanical wear and tear .
However , AC technology requires a more refined or sophisticated motor controller .

B ) modeling of an electric vehicle :

1 ) vehicle subsystem:

1 ) Magic tire (4) in which two for front axle and two for rear axle .

2 ) Vehicle body :

This block represent two axle vehicle body in longitudinal motion .
the block account for aerodynamic drag , road inclination , and weight distribution between axles due to acceleration and road profile .
Connection H is mechanical translational conserving port.
Connection V, NF and NR are physical signal output ports for vehicle velocity and frontal and rear normal wheel forces , respectively .
inputs of the block are shown below .

2) D-c Motor :

This block represent the electric and toque charecteristic of a DC motor .
When positive current flows from the electrical ports , a positive torque acts from the mechanical C to R port .
Motor torque direction can be changed by altering the sign of the back - emf of the torque constant .

3 ) H bridge :

This block represent an H bridge motor drive .
The block can be driven by controller pwm voltage block or Average mode .
In avg mode , the pmw port voltage divided by the PWM signal amplitude parameter defined the ratio of the on -time to the pwm period.

4 ) Controlled PWM voltage :

The block create a pulse - width modulation (PWM) voltage acros the PWM and REF ports .
The output oltage is zero when the pulse is loe and is equal to the output amplitude parameter when high.
Duty cycle is set by input values .

5 ) Longitudinal driver :

It is a parametric longitudinal speed tracking controller for generating normalized acceleration and braking commands based on reference and feedback velocities.

6) Drive cycle:

7 ) Battery sub system :

OUTPUTS :'

1 )

Below is the link of model,

Conclusion :

Ship work like this
in your own course.