Fender Design

BIW-FENDER DESIGN

INTRODUCTION

Fender is the American English term for the part of an automobile, motorcycle or other vehicle body that frames a wheel well. Its primary purpose is to prevent sand, mud, rocks, liquids, and other road spray from being thrown into the air by the rotating tire. Fenders are typically rigid and can be damaged by contact with the road surface.

Sticky materials, such as mud, may adhere to the smooth outer tire surface, while smooth loose objects, such as stones, can become temporarily embedded in the tread grooves as the tire rolls over the ground. These materials can be ejected from the surface of the tire at high velocity as the tire imparts kinetic energy to the attached objects. For a vehicle moving forward, the top of the tire is rotating upward and forward, and can throw Objects into the air at other vehicles or pedestrians in front of the vehicle. Fender is a front outer side member of a car, which covers the wheel side. It has so many small features with ups and downs.

TYPES OF CAR FENDERS

The type of fender is based upon the area covered i.e., full fender type and half fender type.

1. Full fender type

Full fender type is traditional type of fender where more material consumption is observed. This type is used in old design of automobiles where it increases the overall weight and thus reduces performance.This type of bumper is not commonly used because this design is more scrap producing one during manufacturing. The blank of steel or aluminum used to produce this type has more wastage. This type is not economically good to manufacture. Also it increases the material cost unavoidably. If we use full bumper type the material has to be either aluminum or steel, since these materials were generally used for fenders. This extension of material usage in bumpers might increase the proportion of weight and consequently reduce the performance of vehicle. Nowadays plastic material components are in use for bumper making. Plastics have high tendency in absorbing the shock and impact loads. And being light in weight it is easy to mount them on chassis.

2.Half fender type

Half fender type is modern design where less material consumption is observed, so productivity increases by reducing size of blank and thus providing more performance. The maintenance also relatively low compared to full bumper type.The maintenance also relatively more due to more surface.This is the most commonly used typed of fender. The con’s of full bumper type is satisfied in this design, and the blank area of wastage while producing the part is drastically reduced by scrap management. In this type by slightly increasing the blank size 50% of wastage is reduced by making two fenders on a same single blank of steel or aluminum. Also this design provides space for using plastic components in the bumper. Thus facilitating way for reducing a high proportion of weight and increase the vehicle’s performances significantly.

MASTER SECTION AND SKIN DATA:

Design Criteria:

• Embosses are provided to increase the strength.

• Smooth curves are designed for easy manufacturing of panel.

• Ribs are provided to drip area mount to give structural support and extra strength.

• Maintain extra 10 mm from the flat surface for the fastner holes.

• All fillets should maintain 3 + thickness mm radius in most regions.

• Thickness of fender is 0.75 mm.

1. A Pillar Mounting

Here this region is mounted to the A-pillar frame of the chasis so that it is rigidly attached to the body of the car. A car has many pillars according to the design and the style of it. It is the number of vertical portions in a car. In a sedan type of car, there will be three pillars. If it is a hatchback model, then it has four pillars. The front most pillar is called as A- pillar. This mounting is assembled with A-pillar of the car.

2. Drip Area mounting

This region is mounted below the hood inner panel which needs to be in flush when the hood is in closed condition and also there should be very less gaps.The drip area is either spot welded or in some cases bolted down via self-tapping screws.

3. Baffel Mounting

This area is to make the holding of stronger. This is to provide uniform holding all over the fender. Even the plastic part can be fixed in this region for lining part mounting.

4. Sill Mounting

Sill mount is a portion fixed to the door sill. Sill is a part of car frame at the bottom.

5.BUMPER MOUNTING

This area are mounted with front bumper and it is also important in fender design to arrest the front end of fender.

CONCLUSION:

Thus the mountings of the front fender has successfully designed as per the rules and requirements. The drip area is designed as mentioned in the master design and other parts are designed with own idea with proper dimensions and engineering standards.