Creating various 3D Models like Furniture, Footing, Girder, Column drop with panel and Gable Wall in AutoCad
3D MODEL AND VIEW OF FURNITURE ELEMENT, ISOLATED FOOTING, AASTHO TYPE GIRDER,DROP COLUMN WITH PANEL AND WALL
AIM : To create 3D model and view of:
1. Furniture element
2. Isolated footing
3. AASTHO type girder
4. Drop column with panel
5. A wall
Commands used :
1. Extrude - To give height to a surface or giving distance or hright in z axis of an object in x y plane so that i becomes 3d.
2. Offset - To draw the offset line. Command "O"
3. UCS - Command "UCS" . To change the UCS so as to draw in that face ie, x and y plane will be made in the selected face so that it is easy to draw in that plane. Default is UCS world.
4. Box- To create a box . It is found in the ome toolbar.
5. Union- Command :UNION" . To make diffrent 3d object ointo a single enitity.
6. Subtract - Command "SUBTRACT" . To subtract one 3d object from another . First select the object from where to be subtracted then the object which needs to be subtracted.
7. Move - Command "M" . To move an object in a particular axis . Coordinates also can be given for moving an object after the command.
8. 3d orbit- Coomand "3DO" . To rotate the object so that we can view around 360 degree.
9. Loft - Command "LOFT" or is available in home toolbar . It is used to connect two sections of an object. Two sections are connected toform a 3d object.
10. Sweep - Command -"SWEEP" or in home toolbar. It is used to create a 3d along a path created from the cross section . Alignemnt ,basepoint ,scale and twist are the option in sweep.
11. Cone- It is an primitive object . It can be created by giving the bottom diameter and height or bottom , top diameter and height to create frustum.
12. Region - Command "REGION" . It is used to create a region in a particular face so that it can be created to a solid while extruding.
13. Boundary - Command "BO" . From this command also region can be created . If the encircled region is created by different lines , boundary is used. select region in the dialogue box and click on the internal point where region is to created and then extrusion is done.
PROCEDURE:
- Open the Autocad
- click on workspace switching and change it drafting annotation to 3d modelling and click on the home button near the view cube.
- Set the limits and zoom - all.
1. Create a 3D Furniture element as shown in the Figure. Assume dimensions which are missing.
Aim: To create a 3D model pof the furniture element.
Procedure:
Step1: Open Autocad , select imperial as the units are in feet and inches i.e. Engineering.
Step 2: Go to units command and set it to engineering , so that feet inches can be inserted.
Step 3: Create a box by clicking from the toolbar or box command ,click on length, give the length as 3' and width as 2'6" (assumed).
Step 4: Height is to be specified , give the height as 2'6".
Step 5: Select the front face , command "ucs" give the x and y coordinate in the front face horizontally and vertically respectively or click on face and select the front face.
Step 6: Type the command "PLAN" so that the front face is aligneed correctly.
Step7 : Draw a line of 2" from the right side of the front view .
Step8: By rectangle command ,draw a rectangle of dimension 32" and 2'4" ( as the thickness is given as 2") from end point of line at bottom.
Step 10: Delete the line created earlier.
Step 11: Now with command "3do" orbit the object and select the rectangle .
Step 12: Make a rectangle region by "BO" command.
Step 13: Then Extrude the rectangle to -z axis 2'4" leaving 2" thickness. Now give the command "Subtract" select the larger object then the the smaller extruded rectangle in 2d wireframe model.
Step 14: Dimensions are given by "dimlinear" command by switching the UCS.
Result: The 3d model of furniture element is craeted
2. Create the 3d Model of an Isolated footing as shown in Figure.
Aim : To create a 3d model of isolated footing
Procedure:
Step 1: Create a reactangle of 2' x2' on the top view .
Step 2: Create another rectangle of 1'x1' on the top view.
Step 3: Place the smaller rectangle in the larger one with snap on and such that the midpoint of both rectangle is in same point.
Step 4: with command "3do" 3d orbit , orbit the view to a suitable one.
Step 5: With "M" move commaand move the small rectangle of 1'x1' by 2' in + z direction ,with ortho on.
Step 6: Click on the loft from the home toolbar and select the two rectnagles to loft.
Step 7: Command "3DO" and orbit the image such that proper view is seen.
Step 8: Draw rectangle at bottom by poyline. Make a region of this rectangle
Step 9: Click on extrude from the home toolbar and select the created rectangle and give the extrude height as 6" and the direction of extrusion is pointed by the mouse. Make union both objects by "union" command.
Step 10: give the dimensions.
RESULT:
3. Create the 3D view of the AASTHO Type Girder.
Aim : To craete a 3d model of AASTHO type girder using Autocad 3d.
Procedure:
Step 1: Click on front view .
Step 2: Use UCS command and make the x and y axis in the front view plane
Step 3: Then by line command draw the I section with the given dimension.
- Command 'L" , draw a line of 1' that is the topwidth of the girder.
- With the line draw a 6" downwards .
- With snap on draw a line from the centre of 1' and offset 3" on both sides such that the width of web becomes 6".
- Give a taper distance and join the web and the flange.
- Mirror the same on theother side
- The web is given a height of 1'6", offset the distance 1'6"from the end of tapering of the flange portion (1').
- Delete the centre line drawn for the offset and also trim off the extra lines in flange.
- Extend the web to the offseted line.
- Again offset 6" from the last line and taper the sides.
- Mirror the tapered portion to the other side.
- The sides should be tapered such that the bottom should be 1'6", draw a centre line and offset 9" on both sides ,then join the taper.
- Offset 6" downwrads from the bottom horizontal line to define the height
- To draw the taper at bottom 1'4" , from thecentre draw a line and offset 8" on both sides.
- extend the 6" offseted line and trim the rest of lines.
- Draw the vertical line downwards and the tapering also.
- Now apply fillet at bottom flange having radius is 2"
Step 4: With 3d orbit turn the view and draw aline of 10' in z direction. Create a region by region command
Step 5: Click on sweep from the home toolbar and select the section and , then the path through which the section tobe swept ie, the line.
Step 6: Change the face colour by "solidedit"
Result: The 3D model of the AASTHO girder is drawn;
4. Create a 3d Model of a drop column with panel as shown in section and isometric view.
Aim : To draw the 3d model of a drop column with panel section and show its isometric view.
Procedure:
Step 1: Create a circle of diameter 1'6" in the top view.
Step2 : Create a region by region command and select the rectangle.
Step3: Extrude it with extrude in home toolbar and give a distance of 10'.
Step 4: Create a cone by clicking on cone from the home toolbar
Step 5: Click on diameter and give the base diameter as 1'6".
Step 6 : Click on top radius and give the value as 21" (1/2 of 3'6")
Step 7 : give the height of the cone as 1".
Step 8: Place the frustum of cone on top of the extruded circle ie the column in the front view ,with snap option place such that the centre of two objects coincide ,also place the centre of frustum with centre of column in the top view.
Front view 2d wireframe view sheaded view
Step 9: In top view, create a rectangle of dimension 4'6" x4'6".
Step 10: Presspull it to a height of 6".
Step 11: In the top view ,place the rectangle at the centre of cone and also adjust in the front viewor give move command and give the coordinate as 0,10',0 as the rectangle is at bottom in the front view.
Top View Plan View
- Make a union by using union command.
Result: The 3d model of a drop column with panel has been drawn section and isometric view is also shown
5. Create the 3d model of a wall as shown in Figure. Consider wall thickness as 9”.
Aim : To draw a 3d model of wall.
Procedure:
Step 1: Draw a rectangle of 10' x 9".
Step 2: Create a line in the centre and offset 1.5" on both sides as 3" is the width of door opening.
Step 3: Use the command "BO" for boundary and create the region ie , both the region on either side of the door opening.
Step 4: Extrude the region to a height of 12'6" total height.
Step 5: A layer is created for door and Create a rectangle in place of door in the top view in that layer for identification
Step 6: Move the rectangle in z axis at a height of 7' from the bottom.
Step 7: go to front view and draw a line from the centre of the moved line of door
Step 8: Draw slanting line from the total height from the centre line intersecting the edge.
Step 9: Mirror the line to the other side
Step 10: Draw the horizontal line to join .
Step 11: trim off the excess line and the centre line and join the traingle with join command .
Step 12: Create a region with region command in the traingle created.
Step 13: Select the extruded reactangle and with the help of grip bring it down to the level of the triangle base on both sided.
Step 14: Extrude the rectangle of door to a height equal to base of traingle.
Step 15 : With unioun command , make all the entity into a single one.
- Change the colour by making different layer and change colour of front face by using solidedit- face - colour- select colour - Enter.
RESULT:
