Creating an Architectural plan for the provided plot size and develop relevant basic structural drawings - AUTO CAD

Design and Draft a layout of a residential building with the following details:

a. Plot Size: 60’x20’(18.3m x6m)

b. Orientation- Facing East

c. Develop the following: 1. Architectural Drawing (Floor Plan, Elevations, and Sections) 2. Structural Drawing (Column, Bean, Footing Plan)

Aim: To draw residential building of dimensions 60’x 20' for drawing plans and sections of Architectural drawing and Structural Drawings

• Plot drawing
• Ground Floor Plan
• First Floor Plan
• Elevation
• Column drawing
• Footing Layout
• Beam Layout
• Section View

Introduction:

The residential building to be drawn with plot dimensions 60’x20'. The plinth dimensions are chosen as 50’X35. The G+1 floor is designed as duplex house with stairs. The plot is East facing. The building is designed with following rooms

• Ground Floor Living Room
• Kitchen (Open)
• Main Bedroom
• Pooja Room
• Staircase to first floor
• First Floor Living room
• Bedroom-2
• Guest Bedroom
• Balcony
• Staircase to roof

Procedure:

Walls

• Thickness of main walls is taken as 9”
• Internal wall thickness is taken as 4.5”

Columns and Beams

• All the columns are of size 9”X12” or 12”X9” respectively
• All the beams are of size 9”X9”
• Rebar specifications are explained in procedure

Doors

There are three door types

• Dimension of Main door and entrance 5’X8’ and at the balcony access
• Dimension of doors of all bedrooms are 3’X7’
• Dimension of doors of all toilets and Puja room are 3'”X7’

Windows

• Windows to the side of main door are taken as 3'X4'
• Windows in main bedrooms and in both halls 3’X5’6”
• Windows over the bed lights as 1’6”X4’6” in all bedrooms
• Ventilators as 1’6” depending on its preferred height

Staircase

• Thread and Raiser are taken as 10” and 6” respectively
• Outer staircase is connected to the roof with 21 steps
• Hand rails are 2” in diameter and height of 2’9”

AUTO CADD Procedure:

Open AutoCAD

In Start-up settings start from scratch select Imperial (Feet and Inches)

Open grid and snap settings

• Change snap and grid spacing to 1’
• Change major line every grid line to 10
• Turnoff adaptive grid

Step 1: Creating Layers

Open Layer properties and create new layers by clicking on new layer or right click on any layer and select new layer to create new layer

Step 2: Creating Plot Drawing

Initially direction mark is made drawing perpendicular lines and adding text and respective layer is assigned

Change the current layer to wall layer

• Draw a rectangle of dimensions at any point on the screen
• Draw a line vertically up from top left corner
• Offset the left and bottom line of rectangle drawn to distance of 2’ right and up respectively
• Offset the top line of rectangle drawn to distance of 18’ to downwards
• Offset the right edge line of rectangle drawn to distance of 18’ to downwards
• Trim off the extra portions of inner rectangle

Step 3: Creating Ground Floor Plan View

• Draw the inner walls of thickness 4.5”
• Offset the bottom inner wall edge to a distance of 9"
• Offset the last offset line to a distance of 4.5”
• Offset the last offset line to a distance of 4’7.5”
• Offset the last offset line to a distance of 4.5”
• Offset the left inner wall edge to a distance of 14’
• Offset the last offset line to a distance of 9”
• Offset the last offset line to a distance of 4.5”
• Offset the last offset line to a distance of 4’3”
• Offset the last offset line to a distance of 4.5”
• Trim off the extra lines
• Create the door openings of the puja room, main bedroom and toilet in main bedroom
• Trim off the extra portions at the main door

Some addition furniture is imported from design center

Furniture added from both is

1. Dining Table
2. Chair-Rocking
3. Plant
4. Bed-Queen
5. Toilet-Top
6. Kitchen-Hob
7. Kitchen-Sink
8. Entertainment set
9. Sofa for living room
10. Plumbing Equipment

E.Result of Ground Floor Plan

At the end draw a walkway to the right of the plot as shown in figure

Step 4: Creating First Floor Plan View

1. Creating Walls

Change the current layer to walls layer

As most of the plan is same for the first floor as well, such as

• Dimensions of the main bedroom and bedroom 2 are same
• Dimensions of stairway
• Doorway to the balcony is similar to it draw in ground floor plan

1. Balcony

Using line command Balcony of width 5’ along top and right sides is drawn

Balcony wall of height 4’ is drawn with thickness as internal wall thickness of 4.5”

Outer Stairway

Stairway for roof is built

Change the current layer to stairway

• Draw stairs along the width of balcony with ½ the width as width of step
• Dimension of thread is 10”
• Total number of stairs is 21

1. Adding Furniture and Plumbing Equipment

Furniture is added

Some addition furniture is imported from DC’

Furniture added from both is

• Bed-Queen for both rooms
• Toilet-Top
• Sink in Toilet
• Entertainment set for first floor Living room
• Computer Table and Chair
• Outdoor seating Canopy
• Plumbing Equipment

1. Result of First Floor Plan

At the end draw a walkway to the right of the plot as shown

Step 5: Creating Front and Side Elevations

1. Front Elevation

For obtaining the proper front elevation view from the north, vertical mirror view copy of the ground floor is created

• Change the current layer to extension lines
• Create vertical extension line at all the wall edge points
• Draw all the wall with their thick
• Each floor height is taken as 10’6”
• Trim the extra portions

. Doors and Windows

• Doors and windows for elevation are similar to those added in section 2-2 view
• Door of first is half visible because of the parapet wall as shown in figure
• Curved Window along the inner staircase is added at a height of 7’ from the roof bottom

. First Floor Staircase

• Staircase to the roof of the house is through the balcony in the first floor
• Front Elevation of the staircase is side view of the stairs
• Each step is 6” in height and 10” in length
• First six steps are invisible because of parapet balcony wall.
• After 11 steps flight changes direction
• Landing is of 3’ width
• Hand rails of height 2’9” is added to each step
• 3 Steps are drawn at the main door

1. Elevation Result

After adding all the architectural features the result of elevation

1. Section View A-A
2. Walls

Rotate the drawing

• Using ‘XLINE’ command draw the extension lines at the all the intersecting points of section line and walls
• Draw compound wall of height 6’ and walls with floor height of 10’6” of the section view as shown in figure
• Parapet wall of height 3’ is draw at the top as shown in figure

Windows and Cupboards

• Window for the guest bedroom is drawn with dimensions 1’6”X 4’
• Cup boards for the kitchen room and the guest bedroom are drawn using C.B layer created

Sofa and other furniture

• Section view ground floor living room sofa is added
• Plant beside the Television set is placed
• Shoe stand is placed beside the projected wall
• Art Work portrait block is added in the living room

Step 7: Creating Other Drawing layouts

1. Column Layout

Change the current layer to wall layer

• Draw all the walls of the plan view excluding doors and windows

Change the current layer to column layer

• At the bottom left corner draw a rectangle using column layer
• All the columns are of size 9”X12” or 12”X9”
• Columns are placed along the direction of wall in some cases
• Draw the columns at all necessary points
• Reinforcement in column consists of 6 bars of 0.472” diameter(12mm) bars
• Stirrups of side 0.315” i.e.8mm dia bars with 150mm center to center spacing

Footing Layout

• Draw the column layout again
• Change the current layer to ‘Footing_Foundation’
• Draw a rectangular footing circumscribed in a circle of radius 1’8”
• Dimension of all footings drawn is 3’4”X3’4” (1mX1m)

Beam layouts

1. Ground floor Beams layout

Change the current layer to beam

• Draw the column and wall layout of the ground floor plan
• Beams are drawn with dimension 9”X12” (12” is the depth of the beam)
• Beam is not used above the bathroom and puja room walls
• In beam, 4 bars, with 2 bars of 0.472” (12mm) thickness in the bottom of the beam, and 2 bars of 0.4” (10mm) at the top of the beam

Result:

Residential G+1 floor design consists of plot drawing, plan view, center line drawing, column and beam layouts, elevation view and section views are drawn. The house consists of 3 bedrooms, 2 living rooms, puja room, kitchen and balcony. Layers are created in the first step and assigned accordingly. After drawing plan view one horizontal section and vertical section lines are drawn named as sectionA-A Required components and furniture to the house are added using design center command and some other files are added from the cad blocks from browsing. Step by step procedure for all components is shown in respective steps.A

ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING

STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS

FULL PLAN RESULT

The given plan for the G+1 Residential Building plan for Architectural and Structural Drawing are given Below