Creating a Layout, Section and Elevation with dimensions using AutoCad

CREATING A LAYOUT, SECTION AND ELEVATION WITH DIMENSIONS USING AUTOCAD

INTRODUCTION:

Dimensioning in AutoCAD:

• AutoCAD provides a whole range of dimensioning tools which can be used to quickly dimension any drawing without the need for measurement.
• AutoCAD dimensions are special blocks which can be easily edited or erased as necessary.
• AutoCAD divides dimensions into four main categories: Linear, radial, angular an ordinate.

Linear dimension commands:

• These are used to dimension along straight lines.
• There are five linear dimension commands, namely: DIMLINEAR, DIMCONTINUE, DIMBASELINE, DIMALIGNED, DIMROTATED.
• DIMLINEAR command is probably the most commonly used dimension command.
• This tool can be evoked from toolbar, pull down--> dimension--> linear.; Keyboard Command: DIMLINEAR.

Continue dimension command:

• This command can be used to add a string of dimensions which aligns perfectly.
• This tool can be evoked from toolbar; pulldown-->dimension--> continue; Command : DIMCONTINUE.
• First we have to DIMLINEAR command , the rest can be continued using DIMCONTINUE command.

Baseline dimension command:

• This tool can be evoked from toolbar; pulldown-->dimension--> baseline; Command : DIMBASELINE.
• This command can be used to generate a series of dimensions from a single base point.
• First dimension have to created using DIMLINEAR command the rest can be created using DIMBASELINE command.

Aligned dimension command:

• This tool can be evoked from toolbar; pulldown-->dimension--> Aligned; Command : DIMALIGNED.
• This command is used to create aligned dimensions. These are dimesnions along inclined lines which cannot be dimensioned with the DIMLINEAR dimension command because that command will only give a measured dimension in either a horizontal or vertical direction.
• DIMCONTINUE and DIMBASELINE commands can be used in conjunction with DIMALIGNED dimensions.

Radial dimension command:

• There are mainly two radial dimension commands, DIMRADIUS and DIMDIAMETER.
• Both commands result in a similar looking dimension, so AutoCAD automatically inserts a R to indicate a radius and the dimension symbol (%%c) to indicate dimension.

Diameter dimension command:

• This tool can be evoked from toolbar; pulldown-->dimension--> diameter; Command : DIMDIAMETER.
• Diameter command can be used to annotate a circle or an arc.
• To achieve this simply start the command, pick a point on the circumference of the circle, pick a second point to determine the length of the leader and then add the dimension text.

Radius dimension command:

• This tool can be evoked from toolbar; pulldown-->dimension--> radius; Command : DIMRADIUS
• This commnd is identical to the diameter command except that the dimension is radius and theresulting dimension is prefixed with "R" to indicate radius.

Angular dimension command:

• This tool can be evoked from toolbar; pulldown-->dimension--> Angular; Command : DIMANGULAR.
• This command is flexible and can be used to indicate an angle in almost any situation.

Ordinate dimension command:

• This tool can be evoked from toolbar; pulldown-->dimension--> ordinate; Command : DIMORDINATE.
• This command is used to annotate co-ordinate points with X or Y points
• This may be useful for setting out onsite plans.

Annotation with leaders

Leader command:

• This tool can be evoked from toolbar; pulldown-->dimension--> leader; Command : LEADER.
• This command can be used to annotate any point on a drawing.

Dimension text edit command:

• This tool can be evoked from toolbar; pulldown-->dimension--> align text--> options; Command : DIMTEDIT
• This command is used to modify the text position of any single dimension.

Dimension edit command:

• Command: DIMEDIT.
• Command is used to modify and change the text o any number of dimensions.

Dimension update command:

• This tool can be evoked from toolbar; pulldown-->dimension--> update; Command : DIM UPDATE.
• This command is used to apply the current dimension style to existing dimesnions.

Aim:

To create the plan and sections as given by using proper dimension techniques and dimension styles.

Procedure:

• Initially set the units of the drawing as Decimal (millimeters).
• Now, set the limits of the drawing:
  • Specify the lower left corner: (0,0)
  • Specify the upper right corner: (40000,52000)

- Plan:

• Now, choose the line command and draw rectangle having dimension 12150x16388.

• Now, by offsetting the lines different rooms can be created. External walls are having thickness of 250mm and internal walls are having thickness of 125mm.

• Now, place the columns and position the doors in the plan.
• The place windows in the appropriate positions.

• Now, provide appropriate hatchings to the column.

• Now, complete the drawing by providing the dimensions and text.
• Also,mark the sections as marked in the given figure.

- Section:-AA

• Inorder to draw the section, initially choose the Xline and elevate the prts through which the given section cuts.
• choose line command and draw the out line of the section as per the dimensions given in the figure.
• Staircase section is also drawn using line command; staircase connecting groundfloor and 1 st floor has riser dimension as 143.75mm and tread dimension as 250mm.; The rest of the staircse has riser dimension as 158.33m and tread dimension as 250mm.

• Now the section is completed by providing necessary texts and dimensions.

- Section BB:

• Inorder to draw this section, choose Xline command(horizontal) and elevate the elements side ways from the section given in the plan.

• Now create the outline of the section and then trim off the unwanted lines.

• Now, complete the figure by providing necessary texts and dimensioning it.

Result:

The plan, Section AA and Section BB of the given drawing is completed and is obtained as follows:

1. Plan:

2. Section AA:

3. Section BB: