Creating 3D Isometric view of various structural elements in AutoCAD

AIM : To create 3D isometric view of various structural elements in AutoCAD

Introduction : Various isometric views of structural elements are created using following tools

• SOLID EDIT
• REGION
• BOUNDARY
• EXTRUDE
• SWEEP
• 3DORBIT
• PRESSPULL
• UNION
• SLICE
• ROTATE 3D
• RENDERING
• MATERIAL BROWSER
• CAMERA
• LIGHT

PROCEDURE :

• Open autocad application
• Type Qnew and open new drawing
• Set units according to drawing
• Switch ON 3D modeling in work space switching
• Switch on 2D object snap and 3D object snap modes
• Ortho mode is ON

PROBLEM 1

AIM : To create a 3D isometric view of the building using AutoCad

PROCEDURE :

• Set units to engineering
• Set units of dimensions to engineering
• Create layers
  • Floor
  • Wall
  • Window Frame
  • Window glass
  • Window handle
  • Window sash
  • Roof
• Draw a rectangle of size 10'9" x 10'9"
• Take offset of distance 9" and draw lines at top and right side of rectangle
• Create window of windth 3'2" and 3' at a distance 3'5" and 3'6" as shown below
  
  
• 
• Create boundary regions at walls and windows separately and extrude the those elements upto a height of 3' distance
• Create a rectangle on the window area
  
  
• 
• To draw a window
  • Create a window (in 2D) separately by drawing a rectangle of size 3'2" x 4' and 3' x 4'
  • In each rectangle create two more rectangles by taking offset at a distance 3" and 4"
  • Draw another rectangle of size 1" x 7" in each rectangle at a distance 1'9" as shown below
    
    
• 
• Create boundaries of each rectangle and assign it to layers
  
  • Window frame
  • Window sash
  • Window handle
  • Window glass
• Extrude each element as given below
  • Window frame -8"
  • Window sash - 4"
  • Window handle - 4"
• Move window sash, window glass, window handle towards back at a distance 2"
• 
• Now turn to 3D and rotate rectangles using 3D rotate
• Place the windows at windows areas
• Using extrude command raise the walls at a height 7'
• Assign the walls to wall layer
• Now create a floor at the bottom of thickness 4"
• Create a roof at the top of thickness 6"
• Now open material browser in visualize tab
• Assign materials to following elements
  • Floor
  • Walls
  • Roof
  • Window
• 
• Draw a cyclinder and place a camera
  
  
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• Draw a cyclinder and place a light
  
  
• 

RESULTS :

3D view of a room is created

3D view of a room with light and camera

PROBLEM 2

AIM : To draw a 3D view of the building facade using AutoCad

PROCEDURE :

• Set units to engineering
• Set units of dimensions to engineering
• Create layers
  
  • Wall
  • Window Frame
  • Window glass
  • Window sash
  • Projection
• (2D) Draw a rectangle of size 6'9" x 10'9"
• Take offset distance of 9" and draw horizontal and vertical line
• Draw a window of width 3' at a distance 1'11"
  
  
• 
• Now turn to 3D view
• Create boundary region at window and wall area
• Using extrude raise the walls and also at window area at a height 4'6"
• To draw a window
  • Draw a rectangle of size 3' x 4' separately
  • Inside previous rectangle take offset distance of 2" and draw another rectangle
  • Divide the previous rectangle into half
  • Draw rectangles in each at a offset distance of 3"
• Create boundaries of each rectangle and assign it to layers
  
  • Window frame
  • Window sash
  • Window glass
• Extrude each element as given below
  • Window frame -9"
  • Window sash - 4"
• Move window sash, window glass towards back at a distance 2"
  
  
• 
• Place this window on the wall created
• Draw the walls at a height upto 40'10" using extrude tool and in between place windows as shown below
  
  
• 
• Now draw projection at the top at a height 6'5", width 4" and length 9"
• Create a ground (20' x 20' x 1 ) under the building facade
• Now open material browser in visualize tab
• Assign materials to following elements
  • Walls
  • Projection
  • Window
  • Ground
    
    
• 
• Now go to render environment and exposure in render tab
• Switch on the environment and select image based lighting : Sharp highlights
• Now click on render to size for rendering process and save the image

RESULTS :

3D view of building facade is created (Realistic view)

3D view of building facade after rendering (distant light is also applied)

PROBLEM 3 :

AIM : To create isometric 3D view of staircase using AutoCad

PROCEDURE :

• Set units to engineering
• Set units of dimensions to engineering
• Draw a rectangle of size 3' x 1' and extrude it to a height of 6" (rise)
• Draw 8 more similar solid elements and place one above other to create steps
• Draw a line below staircase (on both sides) at a distance 6" ( change UCS accordingly while drawing the line)
  
  
• 
• Create landing by drawing a rectangle of size 3' x 3' and extrude it to a height of 4"
• Create a region below the stair case as shown below
  
  
• 
• 
• Using presspull tool area below the stair case is pulled down to the floor level
  
  
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• Now using slice tool, slice the area below stair case
  
  
• 
  
  
• Remove the unnecessary solid elements
• Create a cylinder of radius 1" and height 3'2" and place it each step on at a distance 1"
  
  
• 
• To create hand rail
  • Connect all the cylinder using a line
  • Draw a rectangle of size 2" x 2" separately and convert to a region
  • Using sweep tool select the region and path as line, create hand rail
• 
• 
• Copy balustrades and hand rail and place it on other side also
• Now open material browser in visualize tab
• Assign materials to following elements
  • Stair
  • Hand rail
  • Balustrades
    
    
• 

RESULTS :

Isometric 3D view of staircase is created

PROBLEM 4 :

AIM : Create the 3D view of a Wall with spread footing

PROCEDURE :

• Set units to decimal
• Set units of dimensions to decimal
• Draw rectangles of size 1000 x 300, 400 x 400, 300 x 400 and 200 x 600 one above the other
• Draw a rectangle of size 600 x 2100 for window
• Draw sunshade of length 600mm and varying height as 50 and 100 mm
• Draw a rectangle of size 600 x 1050
• Draw a rectangle of size 1400 x 150
• Draw parapet 100 x 600 and coping by drawing a rectangle 100 x 50
  
  
• 
• Create regions separately
• Extrude elements separately to a height of 7500 (except 2100 x 600 region and sunshade)
• Draw a rectangle at top (in the gap formed) and create a region
• Extrude this element towards down to a distance 3300
  
  
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• Move elements in the bottom to a height 3300
• Extrude the remaining area to a height of 3300
  
  
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• Create region in sunshade and extrude the region
• Create layers of footing, wall foundation, wall, parapet, coping, roof, sunshade, door frame and assign it accordingly
  
  
• 
• 
• Now open material browser in visualize tab
• Assign materials to following elements
  • Footing,
  • Wall foundation
  • Wall
  • Parapet and Coping
  • Roof
  • Sunshade
  • Door frame
    
    
• 
• Now go to render environment and exposure in render tab
• Switch on the environment and select image based lighting : plaza
  
  
• 
• Now click on render to size for rendering process and save the image

RESULTS :

3D view of a Wall with spread footing is created

3D view after rendering process