Conceptual design of a building with columns and shear walls
1.
a) Restraint of floor shrinkage
Full restraints at all corners
Corners are left free but restraints along the edges
Non-uniform restraints
b) The lateral stiffness
Comparatively lower stiffness in both X and Y
Uniform and comparatively higher lateral stiffness in both X and Y
Non uniform lateral stiffness in both X and Y
c) Torsion with respect to vertical axis
Corner walls provide more resistance to twist
Edge walls provide good resistance to twist
Irregular walls provide very poor resistance to twist
d) Vertical reinforcement for similar base capacity
Walls are subjected to nominal flexural moment and heavy twisting moment
Walls are subjected to nominal twisting moment
Walls are subjected to heavy flexural moment and twisting moment
e) Static eccentricity
Structurally symmetric
Structurally symmetric
Un-symmetric
f) System's redundancy
Uniform placement of lateral load support in both axis
Uniform placement of lateral load support in both axis
Concentrated lateral load supports in both axis
g) Foundation systems
Due to 'L' shaped walls, the geometry of foundation and its design will be critical
Walls are in line. Easy to fix the geometry and design of foundation
Walls are in line and concentrated. Easy to fix the geometry of foundation but critical in design
h) Architectural constraints
Walls obstruct only corners
Walls obstruct the faces of building
Vertical walls will not allow passage
2.
Indirect lateral load transfer in X and Y direction
The beams are connecting to another beams which is ineffective during lateral load transfer. In such conditions the primary beam is prone to shear failure.
Eccentricity
The longer the distance between centre of mass and centre of stiffness, the higher torsional moment of the building as per the given plan eccentricity the building is subjected to higher torsional flexibility in both X and Y direction.
Strong beam weak column possibility
The size of columns majorly mentioned as 25 cm x 25 cm. But all the beams have much deeper section 50cm. Inertia of beam is visually higher than column. If the reinforcement is adequately greater than that of beams, we are okay since we do not have the reinforcement detail, this is doubtful. It is recommended to have slight bigger size for column.
3.
Floor Column
The floor plan of the building is not either uniform or symmetric so naturally any lateral load induced in the floor will not have 100% influence in same direction. Definitely a special lateral load resisting system for these torsional moments should be accommodated.
Random internal column:
Since the internal column are randomly they are unable to transfer lateral loads efficently and cannot acheive desirable building responses. So we have to assume and design those columns for only gravity loads.
Floor to Floor variation in partition wall and beam
Partition wall provided an importance mass control in a building and beam plays key role in shear transfer from floor to beam.All these elements are not in order. So heavy distortion and distribution of lateral loads will happen.