Centrifugal pump design and analysis
Aim:
To perform design and simulation over a Centrifugal Pump and to plot the graph between pressure ratio and mass flow rate.
Introduction:
A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by mechanical action, typically converted from electrical energy into Hydraulic energy. Pumps can be classified into three major groups according to the method they use to move the fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps.
Different Types of Pumps: Working and Their Applications
There are different types of pumps available in the market. This article will assist you to know the main functionalities of each type of pump. The type of pump, as well as selection, mainly depend on our requirement. The application mainly includes the type of fluid you desire to pump, the distance you desire to move the fluid, and the quantity you require to get over a particular time frame. However, it is complicated to recognize accurately what kind of pump you must select. The identifying of the pump can be done with the design as well as positions. To make simpler things while seeking to choose your exact pump, and the pumps can be classified into two types which function in extremely dissimilar ways & generally summarize most of the pump designs.
Theory:
Centrifugal pump is a hydraulic machine which converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy by the use of centrifugal force acting on the fluid. These are the most popular and commonly used type of pumps for the transfer of fluids from low level to high level. Its is used in places like agriculture, municipal (water and wastewater plants), industrial, power generation plants, petroleum, mining, chemical, pharmaceutical and many others.When a certain mass of liquid is made to rotate by an external source, it is thrown away from the centrifugal axis of rotation and a head is impressed which enables it to rise to a higher level. Centrifugal Pumps can be used for viscous and non-viscous liquids and has higher efficiency.
The Main parts of Centrifugal Pump are:
- Impeller
- Casing
- Delivery Pipe
- Suction Pipe with Foot Valve Strainer
Model setup:
- Design a 3Dmodel of Centrifugal Pump with given input dimensions having total numbers of blades equal to 6.
- Set the rotating speed of the region equal to1000rpm.
- Also create lids Lids are at both ends of inlet and outlet.
- Setup a new flow simulation project and Insert Boundary conditions as Inlet as Environmental pressure 1 bar and Outlet as outlet velocity as 10 m/s.
- Add surface goals of mass flow rate and total pressure at inlet, total pressure at outlet to find pressure ratio.
- To change the different outlet velocity, Simulation is done with the velocity values of 10m/s, to 20m/s in Input variables to study its nature. For Output parameters adding surface goal of total pressure inlet , surface goal of total pressure outlet, surface goal of mass flow rate at 1 kg/s, and the Cut plot of pressure and velocity is added.
- Configure Flow Trajectories for Pressure and Velocity to evaluate results.
Results:
Case 1: outlet velocity = 10 m/s
Pressure contour
Velocity contour
Case 2: outlet velocity = 12 m/s
Pressure contour
Velocity contour
Case 3: outlet velocity = 14 m/s
Pressure contour
Velocity contour
Case 4: outlet velocity = 16 m/s
Pressure contour
Velocity contour
Case 5: outlet velocity = 18 m/s
Pressure contour
Velocity contour
Case 6: outlet velocity = 20 m/s
Pressure contour
Velocity contour
Total Pressure vs Output Velocity
Mass Flow Rate Vs Output Velocity
CONCLUSION:
Outlet velocity is inversely proportional to Pressure. Mass flow rate remains nearly constant for all velocities for the model.
It is suggested to run this centrifugal pump at 16m/s for better performance according to the analysis. Because here total pressure and mass outlet are high.