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1.Variance formula for population = `sum(x-mu)^2 /N` Variance formula for sample = `sum(x-mu)^2 /( N-1)` The difference in the formula is (N-1). If we take some sample data to calculate the sample variance will give the accurate  answer than population variance.   2. Stratified sampling : It is an improvement of systematic…

The solution is below attachment

1. .    __________________________________________________________________________________________________   2. Expected value is the average value of random variable and  it is an important summary value  of the distribution of the    variable. The mean value will take the all observations which will suit for small data…

 2.            L1 (mean absolute eerror)       L2  (mean square error) 1. It has a sparse solution  It has no sparse solution 2. It generates simple and interpretable models  It gives more accurate predictions when the output variable is the function of whole input variables 3. Unable to learn complex data patterns  It…

1. Neural networks, also known as artificial neural networks or simulated neural networks, are a subset of machine learning and are at the heart of deep learning algorithms. Their name and structure are inspired by the human brain, mimicking the way that biological neurons signal to one another. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________…

1.                                 Advantages                                      Disadvantages SVM works relatively work when there is …

2.Pros: It is a simple Manchine Learing algorithm and easy to understand. kNN can be used for classification and regression. It can be used for multi-class problem. It provides a variety of distance criteria to choose from:Euclidean Distance Hamming Distance Manhattan Distance Minkowski Distance. Cons: It is difficult…

1. The similarity of categorical data can be calculated by using the one hot encoding method.In this method the categorical data is converted to binary (0,1 values) and then the similarity is measured.

The below attachement is the solution for above project

The  below attachement is the solution for the above question

The solutions are in below attachment.  "Sir i create ecomarce rather than "ecommarce" for the dataset. 

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below the answers 

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1H7PH4ZfEjZyuxc1KoSNcEHrGDcOthjLk/view?usp=drive_link