Challenge

Week-3 Challenge: ADVISOR Tool

BBasanthi Kashyab12 Nov 2022

Challenge: ADVISOR Tool

Objective:

To Use ADVISOR tool and simulate following

1. For EV_defaults_in file, if cargo mass is 500 kg with all other default conditions, can the vehicle travel for 45 km with FTP drive cycle? Conclude your observations.

2. In above case, try changing the battery capacity and repeat the simulation.

3. Perform gradeability test with PRIUS_Jpn_defaults_in file Compare your results in table and conclude.

ADVISOR (Advance Vehicle Simulator):

ADVISOR, NREL’s ADvanced VehIcle Simulator, is a set of model, data, and script text files for use with Matlab and Simulink. It is designed for rapid analysis of the performance and fuel economy of conventional, electric, and hybrid vehicles. ADVISOR also provides a backbone for the detailed simulation and analysis of user defined drivetrain components, a starting point of verified vehicle data and algorithms from which to take full advantage of the modeling flexibility of Simulink and analytic power of MATLAB.

Benefit of ADVISOR are:

estimate the fuel economy of vehicles that have not yet been built
learn about how conventional, hybrid, or electric vehicles use (and lose) energy throughout their drivetrains
compare relative tailpipe emissions produced on a number of cycles
evaluate an energy management strategy for your hybrid vehicle’s fuel converter
optimize the gear ratios in your transmission to minimize fuel use or maximize performance, etc.

The Model of ADVISOR are:

mostly empirical, relying on drivetrain component input/output relationships measured in the laboratory, and
quasi-static, using data collected in steady state (for example, constant torque and speed) tests and correcting them for transient effects such as the rotational inertia of drivetrain components.

1. For EV_defaults_in file, if cargo mass is 500 kg with all other default conditions, can the vehicle travel for 45 km with FTP drive cycle? Conclude your observations.

Considering the case for an typical EV, lets simulate EV_defaults_in, an electric vehicle with following specifications:

In the above example, a battery electric vehicle is modelled with following specificastions :

Enery storage : Lead Acid battery with 25 modules having 308 V as nominal voltage with 0.92 motor efficiency.

Motor : AC induction motor with 75kW

Transmission : Manual

Drive : Front wheel drive

Cargo Mass : 500kg

Next, we input the drive cycle called CYC_FTP which is 17.7 km long in distance. Hence inorder to drain the battery completely to SOC = 0% for calculating the range of vehicle, 4 drive cycles are repeated, so that vehicle will travel 70.8 km in total and we can find out at what distance the SOC is 0.

In the above figure, first plot shows the drive cycle for which vehicle has travelled, the second plot shows th SOC fall with time, the third and the fourth graph show th power output according to the throttle condition.

Hence, after running the simulation, we can see that, the SOC becomes zero after aproximately 2.5 drive cycles. As shown at the right hand side, the distance travelled by vehicle is 41.4 km. Hence the vehicle cannot travel 45km in a single charge.

2. In the above case, try changing the battery capacity and repeat the simulation:

In this case the same default conditions are taken that are intiate in question 1 and battery capacity will changed for accelerating the vehicle that will increase the vehicle distance travel km.

-Increasing the battery capacity of vehicle

So, inorder to achieve a range of 45 km, 3 more modules of batteries have been added making the total modules to 28 and nominal voltage to 345 V.

In the above image, the vehcile travels a distance of 46.5 km. Hence 28 number of battery modules are sufficient to satisfy a range of 45km according the problem description.

3. Perform GRADEABILITY test with PRIUS_JPN_DEFAULTS_IN file compare your results in table and conclude:

Following is the model of Toyota Prius parallel hybrid vehicle. It uses battery and and an IC engine to power the wheels. As can seen from the figure, The differential is connected to to motor and it is also connected to an IC engine via a device called as a power split device. Power Split splits the power according to the throttle demands keeping the engine in maximum efficiency zone, providing additional power via battery and engine during aggressive conditions, charging the battery via a generator during conditions such as regenerative braking and preserving the energy efficiently.

Vehicle Specifications :

Power produced by IC engine : 43kW with fuel convertor efficiency of 0.39

Battery Capacity : NMH(Nickel Metal Hydride) batteries have been used with 40 modules producing a nominal voltage of 308 V

Generator(Regenerative) : 15kW

Motor :Induction motor producing power of 15kW with 0.84 efficiency.

Transmission : CVT

Drive : Front wheel drive

Inorder to perform the gradeability test. We keep the grade value constant and change the speed values to find out the maximum gradeability at an optimum speed simulating for 10s.