Week 1 Understanding Different Battery Chemistry
1.Prepare a table which includes materials & chemical reactions occurring at the anode and cathode of LCO, LMO, NCA, NMC, LFP and LTO type of lithium ion cells.Give your detailed explanation on it
|
Types |
Chemical name |
Anode material |
Chemical Reaction at the cathode(discharge) |
Chemical Reaction at the anode(discharge) |
Overall reaction |
|
|
Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO) |
LiCoO2 |
Graphite carbon |
Lithium Cobalt Oxide |
 |
 |
 |
|
Lithium-ion manganese oxide battery (LMO) |
LiMn2O4 |
Graphite carbon |
Lithium manganese oxide |
 |
 |
 |
|
Lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxides (NCA) |
LiNiCoAlO2 |
Graphite carbon |
Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide |
 |
 |
 |
|
Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) |
LiNiMnCoO2 |
Graphite carbon |
Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide |
 |
 |
 |
|
Lithium iron phosphate battery(LFP) |
LiFePO4 |
Graphite carbon |
Lithium iron phosphate |
 |
 |
 |
|
Lithium-titanate-oxide (LTO) battery |
Li2TiO3 |
Lithium titanium oxide |
Manganese oxide |
 |
 |
 |
2.Compare the differences between each type of Li+ion batteries based on their characteristics
|
|
Lithium Titanate (Li2TiO3) — LTO |
Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (LiNiMnCoO2) — NMC |
Lithium Iron Phosphate(LiFePO4) — LFP |
Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide (LiNiCoAlO2) — NCA |
Lithium Cobalt Oxide(LiCoO2) — LCO |
|
Voltages Nominal (Volt) |
2.40V |
3.70V |
3.30V |
3.70V |
3.70V |
|
Typical operating range (V/cell) |
1.8V–2.85V |
3.0V–4.2V |
2.5V–3.65V |
3.0 V–4.2V |
3.0 V–4.2V |
|
Specific energy (Wh/kg) |
50–80Wh/kg |
150–220Wh/kg |
90–120Wh/kg |
200-260Wh/kg |
150–200Wh/kg. |
|
Charge (C-rate) |
1C typical; 5C maximum, charges to 2.85V |
0.7–1C, charges to 4.20V |
1C typical, charges to 3.65V |
0.7C, charges to 4.20V, fast charging possible with some cells |
0.7–1C, charges to 4.20V |
|
Discharge (C-rate) |
10C possible, 30C 5s pulse |
1C, 2C possible on some cells |
1C, 25C on some cells |
1C |
1C |
|
Cycle life |
3,000–7,000 |
1000–2000 |
5000-7000; up to 12000 possible in some cells |
500 |
500–1000 |
|
Thermal runaway |
200°C + |
210°C (410°F) |
270°C (518°F) |
150°C (302°F) |
150°C (302°F) |
|
Cost (per kWh) |
~$1,005 |
~$420 per |
~$580 |
~$350 |
- |
|
Application |
Electric vehicles, UPS, etc |
E-bikes, E-Rikshaw, industrial equipment, etc |
E-bikes, E-Rikshaw, Battery Energy storage system for discoms, offices and homes |
Medical devices, industrial equipment, electric vehicles |
Smart watches, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, cameras |