DESIGN, ASSEMBLY, AND RENDERING OF SUNSEEKER PREDATOR 108 YACHT

Introduction:

In this project the American Predator Yacht was taken as a conceptual model, to understand the 3D modelling methodology of Solid modelling and Surface modelling. Every part of the yacht was designed and modelled using SOLIDWORKS. Then the modelled parts were assembled by adding proper mates and constraints to create the Photo-Realistic rendered image of the Yacht.

The SOLIDWORKS is a mechanical design automation application that lets designers quickly sketch out ideas, experiment with features and dimensions, and produce models and detailed drawings.

Photo-View 360 is a SOLIDWORKS add-in that produces photo-realistic renderings of SOLIDWORKS models. The rendered image incorporates the appearances, lighting, scene, and decals included with the model.

SOLIDWORKS Visualize is a photo-realistic rendering tool that utilizes our CAD data to create magazine quality images or commercial

quality animations.

Aim:

• This project aims to create a surface model of different parts of the Yacht under part modeling environment using Solidworks.

• To assemble different parts of Chopper under the assembly environment.

• To create a photorealistic rendering of the yacht.

Design Methodology:

A typical sunseeker Yacht consists of parts like Hull, rudder, bow, railing, superstructure, tables, radar, mast, etc. This particular Yacht, Sunseeker Predator 108 Yacht is designed by setting up its blueprints. It is not a real yacht design assembly with all individual parts and because it incorporates many parts of a Yacht in a single part. It mainly focuses on the design of all the mechanical components, assembly, and rendering for visualization of the final product. Here, several parts of a yacht are designed as a single component in SOLIDWORKS which will ease our workflow during the whole design and assembly process. The whole design methodology is

depicted in the flowchart below

Terminology:

Origin - Appears as two blue arrows and represents the (0,0,0) coordinate of the model. When a sketch is active, a sketch origin appears in red and represents the (0,0,0) coordinate of the sketch. Dimensions and relations can be added to a model origin, but not to a sketch origin.

Plane - Flat construction geometry. Planes can be used for adding a 2D sketch, section view of a model, or a neutral plane in a draft feature.

Axis - Straight line used to create model geometry, features, or patterns. Axis can be created in different ways, including intersecting two planes. The SOLIDWORKS application creates temporary axes implicitly for every conical or cylindrical face in a model.

Face - Boundaries that help define the shape of a model or a surface. A face is a selectable area (planar or non-planar) of a model or surface.

Edge - Location where two or more faces intersect and are joined together. Edges can be selected for sketching and dimensioning.

Vertex - Point at which two or more lines or edges intersect.

Types Of Commands:

Sketch - Create the sketches and decide how to dimension and where to apply relations.

Features - Select the appropriate features, such as extrudes and fillets, determine the best features to apply, and in what order to apply those features must be decided.

Surfaces - Surfaces are a type of geometry that can be used to create solid features.

Assembly - Select the components to mate and the types of mates to apply.

Sketch Commands:

Smart Dimension - Creates a dimension for a selected sketch entity.

Line - Line is one of the first sketching tools in Solidworks Sketch Command Manager which can be drawn horizontally, vertically, or at any angle. It plays a very important role to complete the 2D drawing of the product or part and very easy to utilize its features.

Circle - The circle is another important sketching tool that enables to create the circular drawing on the graphics area. There are two circle tools are available and they are “Center circle” and “Perimeter circle”.

Rectangle - Sketches rectangles or squares with a center point at a selected angle. Parallelogram sketches a standard parallelogram.

Spline - A two or three-dimensional curve defined by a set of control points. Points within a spline can be added or deleted.

Sketch Fillet - A tangent arc in between two sketch entities can be created.

Point - Inserts a point or vertex into a sketch entity. This cannot be deleted if it is part of the sketch endpoint or center point.

Text – It can be used to write the text necessary wherever required either it’s a plane or face.

Offset Entities - Copy a sketch entity to a specified distance from the original entity. Must have a sketch entity already drawn and selected to use this tool.

Sketch Picture - Insert an image file into the background of a sketch. This allows the user to 2D sketches based on the image. Use the sketch picture property manager to alter the inserted image.

Convert Entities - Convert Entities enables you to copy model edges into your active sketch. These sketch elements are automatically fully defined and constrained with an On Edge relation. Convert Entities is like Offset Entities except that the offset distance is always zero.

Features:

Some sketch-based features are shapes such as bosses, cuts, and holes. Other sketch-based features such as lofts and sweeps use a profile along a path. Another type of feature is called an applied feature, which does not require a sketch. Applied features include fillets, chamfers, or shells. They are called “applied” because they are applied to existing geometry using dimensions and other characteristics to create the feature. Typically, we create parts by including sketch-based features such as bosses and holes. Then we add applied features. It is possible to create a part without sketch-based features.

Feature Commands:

Extruded Boss/Base - One of the oldest commands in the SOLIDWORKS software is the boss/base extrude command. An Extruded Boss/Base feature will allow us to take a 2D sketch and add thickness to it in the third dimension.

Extruded Cut - It’s a tool to remove material by projecting a sketched section normal to the sketching plane.

Split - lines are used to divide model faces into two. Split lines are created like any other sketched feature. They can be one or more connected sketch entities. They must be oriented so that they will pass through model faces when projected normally to the sketch plane.

Dome - It can add one or more domes to the selected planar or non-planar faces. The software calculates the distance using the radius of the arc as a basis for the dome.

Pierce Relationships - The Pierce relationship is used in sweeps. It can be thought of like a 3D Coincident relationship. In our spring, the circle will follow the helix. Think of the helix as a thin piece of wire and the profile sketch as being drawn on a piece of paper. If we stick the wire through the paper at the center of the circle, this would be a pierce relationship. When we perform the sweep, the paper will slide along the wire, held at the pierce point.

Project Curve - Select Bi-directional to create a projection that extends on both sides of the sketch. The curve can be used as a path for a sweep.

Composite Curve - We can create composite curves by combining curves, sketch geometry, and model edges into a single curve. The composite curve can be used as a guide curve when creating a loft or a sweep.

FILLETS - This is to create a curved surface on the profile edges on the solid model by selecting the required lines or the face. This fillet also has a feature to select multiple lines which reduces time consumption.

CHAMFER - It is similar to the fillet feature but in chamfer, it cuts the solid model intersection area into recurred length and angle.

SPLIT TOOL - This tool is very handy when two or more solid bodies intersect in between or intersect each other than split tool allows to delete unwanted solid body formation and gives a clean look.

SHELL: It is used to create the thickness of the profile.

CIRCULAR/LINEAR PATTERN - Feature is used to create a different number of patterns required to create the circular pattern.

Surface Modelling:

Surface modelling is a method of creating planar or non-planar complex geometry which has zero thickness. This zero thickness geometry is known as surface. The surfaces are generally used to create models of complex shapes. We can convert surface models into solid models. We can also extract a surface from a solid model using the tools available for surface modeling.

Surface Commands:

Lofted Surfaces – Creates a lofted surface between two or more profiles or sketches. Specify start and end constraints and add guide curves to control the path shape.

Boundary Surfaces – The boundary surface feature lets us create surfaces that can be tangent or curvature continuous in both directions (all sides of the surface). In most cases, this delivers a higher quality result than the loft tool.

Extruded Surfaces – Extrudes a sketch or selected sketch contours in one or two directions two create surface features.

Revolved Surfaces – Revolves a sketch or selected sketch contours around an axis to create surface features.

Swept Surfaces – It Sweeps a closed profile along an open or closed path to create a surface feature. It uses a tangent plane at the end of the path so that the path is normal to the swept surface.

Filled Surfaces – Patches a surface within a boundary defined by edges, sketches, or curves. We can use constraint curves to fill surfaces and adjust resolution control to improve surface finish.

Ruled Surfaces – Inserts ruled surfaces in a specified direction from edges. Tangent to the surface, Normal to the surface, tapered to vector, perpendicular to vector, or sweep can be selected. We can also trim and knit the surfaces and remove any connecting surfaces.

Trim Surface – It trims the surfaces where a surface intersects with another surface, a plane, or a sketch.

Knit Surface – It combines two or more adjacent, non-intersecting surfaces into a single surface body. The surfaces must joint at an edge. If the resulting knit surface encloses a volume, we can create a solid body from the Property Manager

Move/copy surfaces – Moves or copy surfaces about a plane or a sketch.

Offset Surface – Offsets surfaces using one or more contiguous faces. This tool helps us to create an offset surface with gaps.

Extend Surface – Extends one or more edges or faces on a surface, based on end conditions and extension type.

Mirror surfaces – A mirror feature is a copy of a selected feature, mirrored about a plane or planar face. A mirror sketch entity is a copy of a selected sketch entity that is mirrored about a centerline. If the original feature or sketch is modified, the mirrored copy is updated to reflect the change.

Parts of Yacht:

The following parts of the Yacht are modeled in Solidworks and assembled together.

1. Propeller

2. Radar

3. Blueprint

4. Hull

5. Garage Door

6. Front Seat

7. Middle Seat

8. Rear Seat

9. Superstructure

10. Radar Mast

Propeller:

A propeller is a rotating fan like structure which is used to propel the ship by using the power generated and transmitted by the main engine of the ship. The transmitted power is converted from rotational motion to generate a thrust which imparts momentum to the

water, resulting in a force that acts on the ship and pushes it forward.

Commands Used:

In Sketch

• Spline

• Circle

• Line

In Features:

• Revolved Boss/Base

• Lofted Boss/Base

• Extruded Cut

• Reference Plane

• Circular Pattern

• Fillet

Radar:

Marine radars are X band or S band radar on ships, used to detect other ships and land obstacles, to provide bearing and distance for collision and navigation at sea. They are electronic navigation instruments that use a rotating antenna to sweep a narrow beam of microwaves around the water surface surrounding the ship to the horizon, detecting targets by microwaves reflected from them, generating a picture of the ship's surroundings on a display screen.

Commands Used:

In Sktech

• Line

• Spline

• Circle

• Text

In Features:

• Fillet

• Shell

• Mirror

• Extruded Cut

• Reference Plane

Hull:

Hull is the watertight enclosure of the ship, which protects the cargo, machinery, and accommodation spaces of the ship from the weather, flooding, and structural damage. The hull may be open at the top or it may be fully or partially covered with a deck. The hull is supposed to be made watertight. The portion of hull which is in contact to the last surface point of water is called water line.

Commands Used:

In Sketch

• Line

• Spline

• Circle

• Rectangle

• Arc

• Slot

• 3-D Sketch

• Sketch picture

In Surfaces

• Extruded Surface

• Revolved Surface

• Lofted Surface

• Surface Trim

• Surface Fill

• Surface Knit

• Delete Face

• In Features

• Project Curve

• Chamfer

• Fillets

• Reference Plane

• Split

• Split Line

• Extruded BossBase

• Extruded Cut

• Mirror

In Features

• Project Curve

• Chamfer

• Fillets

• Reference Plane

• Split

• Split Line

• Extruded BossBase

• Extruded Cut

• Mirror

Garage Door:

A garage door is a large door on a garage that opens either manually or by an electric motor (a garage door opener). Garage doors are frequently large enough to accommodate automobiles and other vehicles.The operating mechanism is spring-loaded or counterbalanced to offset the weight of the door and reduce human or motor effort required to operate the door. Less commonly, some garage doors slide or swing horizontally. Doors are made of wood, metal, or fiberglass, and may be insulated to prevent heat loss.

Commands Used:

In Sketch

• Line

• Spline

• Circle

• Text

In Features

• Extruded Cut

• Reference Plane

• Fillet

• Shell

• Mirror

Front Seat:

Front seats feature two connected seats that are built back-to-back from one and other. They have a built-in storage unit underneath them. Lounge seats can also fully recline right back to make it easier for you to kick your feet up and get more comfortable. The frontseat in our model was placed before the superstructure and also it has sun pads to rest on it. Sun pads are a great way to reclaim lost space on our boat.

Commands Used:

In Sketch:

• Sketch Picture

• Line

• Spline

• Circle

• Arcs

In Surfaces:

• Extruded Surface

• Lofted Surface

• Trim Surface

• Filled Surface

• Knit Surface

• Swept Surface

• Revolved Surface

In Features:

• Extruded Cut

• Revolved Boss/Base

• Chamfer

• Fillet

• Mirror

• Dome

Middle Seat:

The middle seat is also designed with reference to the deck surface as the ground and the blueprint sketches as the reference for the dimensions and views. This seat is U shaped seat with a table in the middle. It lies behind the superstructure of the Yacht. This part deign was done without involving surface design.

Commands Used:

In Sketch:

• Sketch Picture

• Line

• Rectangle

In Features:

• Extruded Boss/Base

• Chamfer

• Fillet

• Mirror

• Reference Plane

Rear Seat:

Rear seat was placed over the garage behind the Superstructure. It was designed after importing the deck surface of the Hull as interface surface.

Commands Used:

In Sketch:

• Sketch Picture

• Line

• Spline

• Circle

• Arcs

• Rectangle

In Features:

• Reference Plane

• Extruded Boss/Base

• Revolved Boss/Base

• Fillet

• Mirror

In Surfaces:

• Swept Surface

• Extruded Surface

• Off-set Surface

• Filled Surface

• Knit Surface

• Ruled Surface

• Lofted Surface

Radar Mast:

A mast is a vertical ship structure mounted on top of bridge and forward of the forecastle towards the ship’s bow. It accounts for the support platform for the ships derrick and hold necessary equipment’s such as radars, navigation light and ships horn in case of foremast.

Commands Used:

In Sketch:

• Sketch Picture

• Line

• Spline

• Rectangle

• Arcs

In Features:

• Extruded Boss/Base

• Lofted Boss/Base

• Revolved Boss/Base

• Swept Boss/Base

• Reference Plane

• Projected Curve

• Fillet

• Mirror

• Dome

• Shell

Superstructure:

A superstructure is an extended construction of any building or platform that rises above the rest of the building or platform in a distinct manner. Thus, superstructure means to add construction to an already existing structure. In ships, this is the name given to the

part of the ship that emerges from the deck.

Commands Used:

In Sktech:

• Sketch Picture

• 3D Sketch

• Line

• Spline

• Circle

• Rectangle

• Center Point Arc

In Features:

• Project Curve

• Reference Curve

• Convert Entities

• Split

• Split Line

In Surfaces:

• Extruded Surface

• Swept Surface

• Ruled Surface

• Knit Surface

• Trim Surface

• Extend Surface

• Filled Surface

• Lofted Surface

• Revolved Surface

• Fillet

• Chamfer

Assembly:

Rendered Images:

Top View:

Side View:

Conclusion:

• All the exterior parts of the yacht are modeled successfully under the Solidworks modeling environment.

• All the parts are inserted into the assembly environment and the yacht is successfully assembled.

• The photorealistic image of the model is successfully rendered.