Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit
Ques 1) Ans - Major element present in automotive Circuit:-
1) Starter
2) Ignition Switch
3) Distributor
4) Battery
5) Generator
6) Fuse
7) Foot Selector Switch
8) Junction Block
9) Breaker
10) Ignition Coil
11) Ammeter
12) Current Voltage regulator
13) Horn Button
14) Plate Light
15) Gas Tank Unit
16) Tail Stop
17) Fuel guage
Ques 2) Ans - Explaination of elements :-
1) Ignition Coil- It is also known as spark coil and its an type of induction coil whose main work is to elevate the low voltage of battery to very high voltage and it causes the generation of spark in engine cylinder and combustion of fuel take place.
It commonly comprises of secondary winding , iron core, primary windings. when current is allowed to flow through primary windings it makes and breaks repeatedly with the assistance of contact breaker it give rises to huge amount of voltage in seconday windings (50,000V). Generated high voltage transmitted to spark plug through ignition distributor to generate spark in cylinder.
2) Breaker - Automobile circuit breaker are those electrically operated device whose main work is to protect an electrical circuit from overloading or short circuit.
In case of fuse which operates at time and it have to be replaced, Breaker can be reset to resume normal operation it will be mannual or automatic. Mannual circuit breaker commonly used where we have to investigate the fault while automatic circuit breakers continuously do resetting by itself.
3) Generator - It is a device which mainly convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. It works on law of faraday of electromagnetic induction.
Generators utilises the available mechanical energy and it pushes the flow of electric charge in the wire of windings and due to the flow of electric charges make electric current for various purposes.
Generally two type of generators are into use DC generators and AC generators. AC generators are also known as alternator. It is almost maintenance free and no brushes are used.
DC generators are generally used in off-frid applications and it is of 3 types seperately-excited generators, self-excited generators, stator permanent -magnet generator. It is commonly used for operating electrical devices & large motors requires direct control.
Ques 3) Ans - Total load from battery= 10A
fuse rating = ?
Formula for calculating fuse rating = 1.25*I
1.25*10= 12.5A ( As per the standard 15 A rating is normally adopted)
Ques 4) Ans - Load = 500W
To support load of 500W voltage & capacity of battery required = ?
Consider time taken = 1 hr
by using formula , p = v*i
I = 500/12 = 41.66 A
Battery Capacity = I x time = 41.66 x 1= 41.66 Ahr
Ques 5 Ans ) - Two Element are connected in parallel to each other -
1) In parallel connection voltage will remain constant and current will vary so in this case brake lights, horn, parking lights all are connected in parallel with battery so they get required voltage without getting its function will be hampered and go with a flow
Ques 6 Ans ) - Two element are connected in series to each other-
1) Battery , Ammeter, current & Voltage Regulator in this case battery releases current and all mentioned equipments will get same current as released by battery and magnitude of current is provided by respective guages. Like in same way ignition coil and switches are connected in series.