Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit

ANS

1.From observing the circuit it is found that this is a wiring circuit of a car This circuit includes ,

Battery, starter, ignition switch,Breaker,distributor,fuse,generator,current& voltage regulator,junction block, scaled beam, horn, parking lamp ,foot selector switch, ammeter,gas tank unit ,dome light switch...are the major elements in this automotive wiring circuit

2.

a) BATTERY

Battery supplies DC voltage to the circuit.It is the collection of cells .A cell contain Anode ,cathode& electrolyte.There are two types of batteries primary &secondary batteries .We select the type of battery according to the condition,requirement of the design .Primary batteries are single time chargable and secondary batteries are rechargable.Many cells can be connected either in series or in parallel to obtain the desired voltage

b) BREAKER

It is a safety device like fuse and contactor relay arrangement. This device prevent from overload and short circuit condition by tripping and opening the circuit .It's advantage over fuse is there is no need to rewire like fuse. There are different types of circuit breaker

eg: Moulded case CB

Miniature CB

Earth leakage CB

Residual current CB

Surge arrestors

We select the device for protection,purely based on requirement .Some works in AC system &some in DC system

c) STARTER

It is the starting motor used in Internal combustion engine to start the engine by delivering the torque produced from the motor to crank shaft .A starter has a pinion gear on its shaft which transfer power to crank shaft through a large gear .Manual cranking is inconvenient and dangerous , introduction of starter cleared this issue. A starter has a solenoid, electrical connection armature permenent magnets, brushes and commutator

3. After several researches from google i have found a reference and a screenshot is attched below

The given circuit is a wiring circuit of a car, so Blade types fuses are used in common Blade type fuses are of of differnet types according to their size, time to react..etc

CONCLUSION

From the table of ampere rating of 4different blade fuses ,15 A is using for all fuses if the load is 10 A

So we can uses 15 A rating any fuse according to the condition,requirement

4. Given load =500W

assume voltage across the load = 48V

then current flowing through the load= 500/24

= 10.4 A

Assume the battery took 3 hours to discharge completely

then, Battery capacity = 10.4*3

= 31.2 Ah

5. A pair of Scaled lamps ,a pair of horns are connected in parallel to get the same voltage and ther by sam brightness and loudnsess respectively

6. Breaker ,current &voltage regulator are connected in series in order to control the circuit by a single action .Series connection means loads are connected in single conducting path so it is easy to control .