Project 1 _Creating an Architectural plan for the provided plot size and develop relevant basic structural drawings

Design and Draft a layout of a residential building with the following details:

a. Plot Size: 60’x20’(18.3m x6m)

b. Orientation- Facing East

c. Develop the following: 1. Architectural Drawing (Floor Plan, Elevations, and Sections) 2. Structural Drawing (Column, Bean, Footing Plan)

AIM:

To create an own Architectural drawing consisting of Floor plan, Elevations and Sections for the plot size 60'x20' and also create the structural drawings for Column, Footing and Beam.

INTRODUCTION:

The Architectural and Structural drawings are sketched up in AutoCAD using various tools commands. The given details to draw the same in AutoCAD they are shown below:

1. Plot Size - 60' x 20'
2. Orientation - East Facing.

COMMANDS USED:

• Layers
• Line
• Polyline
• XLine
• Dtext
• MultiLeader
• Dimlinear
• Dimcontinue
• Hatch
• Copy
• Fillet
• Trim
• Erase
• Offset

PROCEDURE:

• Open AutoCAD software
• Start from scratch
• Set the units to engineering and select ok
• Set limits as lower left corner (0,0) and upper right corner (500',500')
• Go to layer properties < create new layers < name the layers for reference < close.
• Architectural drawings:
  1. Plan
  2. Elevation
  3. Section
• Structural drawings:
  1. Column Layout
  2. Footing Layout
  3. Beam Layout

ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS:

1.PLAN:

• Using the line Command, i drew the plot boundary of 60'x20'.
• The building's main entrance is facing the East direction.
• Using the commands line, offset, fillet and trim.
• Starting from the East, the car parking is planned at 14'x10'6", Lawn area for about 4'6"x8'8" and stairs for about 9'x9'.
• The building area is drawn leaving 1' offset distance in the North, West and South directions.
• After providing the offset distance, the floor dimensions comes about 45'x18' including walls,
• Outer walls at 9" thickness and inner walls at 4.5" thickness is provided.
• I have changed the linetype into SHORT-DASH for the plot boundary and adjusted the scale for better visibility.
• Now, using the commands Line, polyline, offset, fillet and trim, I have created my own plan for the project.
• It is planned as per VASTHU. Even those directions are mentioned below.
• Main Door : East
• Stairs : South-East
• Kitchen : South-East
• Pooja Room : North-East
• Living Area : Facing East
• Study Room : North-East
• Dinning Room : South-East
• Master Bedroom : South-West
• Attached Bathroom : North-West
• Bathroom : North-West.
• The room dimensions are also assumed as per requirement.
• Here, using the line and trim command, i have provided the door spaces as required.
• The Door dimensions are shown below in tabular form.

DOORS	SIZES
MD	4'X7'
D1	3'X6'
D2	2'6"X6'
D3	2'X6'

• Using the mentioned dimension doors are trimmed and placed in the plan.
• Using line command, I have Created columns of sizes and 9"x9". Using the Hatch command, I have filled columns with AR-CONC and adjusted the scale for better visibility and copy pasted it wherever required in the floor plan.
• Stairs are provided using line and offset command, with Tread - 7.8" and Rise - 9".
• The Window dimensions are shown below in tabular form.

WINDOWS/VENTILATOR	SIZES
W1	5'X4'
W2	4'X4'
W3	3'X4'
V	1'6"X1'6"

• Windows are draw as per the dimensioned mentioned above and those are plotted and placed in the plan as per requirement.
• After placing the windows draw the sunshades.
• Using the DText command, I have mentioned the names for each rooms, spaces, doors, windows and the dimensions for all the rooms.
• Using the commands line, offset, fillet, trim and DText, the compound entrance is created.
• Using the DIM-LIN command, I have mentioned the dimensions in the additional spaces and change the layer to dimensions its colors for better view.
• Using Hatch command, I have filled GARDEN with GRASS and adjusted the scale for better visibility
• Using the linetype LONG-DASH SHORT-DASH, I have cut the plan into 2 sections, SECTION - AA and SECTION - BB.
• And in the same way first floor plan is made by only the change is parking is replaced as balcony as shown below.

2.(i)SECTION-AA:

• Using the commands Line, polyline, offset, fillet and trim, I have created the sectional view for the Section -AA.
• Provided windows as per the plan, kitchen space as per plan and stairs as per plan.
• Provided lintel beam over the windows, doors.
• Provided Parapet wall and over head as well
• Using Hatch command, I have filled PLINTH BEAM with BRICK and adjusted the scale for better visibility.
• Using the commands DIM-LIN, I have provided dimensions wherever required.
• And Using MText command, the name is given in the bottom and staircase dimensions are mentioned.

(ii)SECTION-BB:

• Using the commands Line, polyline, offset, fillet, trim and hatch, I have created the sectional view for the Section -BB.
• Provide wardrobe as per the plan.
• Adjusted the scale for better visibility.
• Dimensions are given using the DIM-LIN command.
• Using MText command, the name is given in the bottom.

3.ELEVATION:

• Using the commands Line, polyline, offset, fillet, trim and hatch, I have created the sectional view for the Elevation.
• Provided windows as per the plan, chajja as per plan and door as per plan.
• Provided lintel beam over the windows, doors.
• Provided Parapet wall.
• Provided Balcony.
• Using Hatch command, I have filled parapet wall with SOLID and adjusted the scale for better visibility.
• Using the commands DIM-LIN, I have provided dimensions wherever required.
• And Using MText command, the name is given in the bottom.

• The following image shows the Ground Floor First Floor Plan, Front Elevation and sections A & B, together.

STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS:

1. Column Layout:

• Turn off all the layers except the column layer and boundary layer in the layer properties.
• Select the Copy tool by typing CO or COPY in the command box.
• Select all the columns from the building plan and copy them to a different location as shown in the figure below.
• Select the Construction line tool by typing XL or XLine in the command box.
• Select the line type as ISO 02W100 and give scale as per requirement.
• Draw lines through the midpoint of the columns in the horizontal and vertical directions as shown in the figure below.
• Select the Trim tool by typing TR or Trim in the command box.
• Trim the unnecessary lines and press Esc to cancel the trim command.
• Select the Dimension tool by typing DIM in the command box.
• Select the first point and the second point of the object to measure. Repeat for all the objects to be measured.
• Enter DS in the command box to open the dimension style manager dialog.
• Modify the dimensions as per the requirement.
• Change the color of the dimension and extension line as per the requirement.
• Under the text option, Change the text height to 7"
• click ok, then click set current and close the dimension style manager dialog box.
• Give dimensions and text as per the drawing and requirement using the Mtext command and Dimension Command.

2. Beam Layout:

• Turn off all the layers except the column layer and boundary layer in the layer properties.
• Select the Copy tool by typing CO or COPY in the command box.
• Select all the columns from the building plan and copy them to a different location as shown in the figure below.
• Select the Construction line tool by typing XL or XLine in the command box.
• Select the line type as ISO 02W100 and give scale as per requirement.
• Draw lines through the midpoint of the columns in horizontal and vertical directions as shown in the figure below.
• Select the Trim tool by typing TR or Trim in the command box.
• Trim the unnecessary lines and press Esc to cancel the trim command.
• Select the Offset tool by typing O or Offset in the command box.
• Specify offset distance as 4.5" and create offsets for the beam of width 9" and then press Esc.
• Select the Offset tool again by typing O or Offset in the command box.
• Select the Trim tool by typing TR or Trim in the command box.
• Trim the unnecessary lines and press Esc to cancel the command
• Assign the beamlines to the beam Layer.
• Select the Dimension tool by typing DIM in the command box.
• Select the first point and the second point of the object to be measured. Repeat for all the objects to be measured.
• Enter DS in the command box to open the dimension style manager dialog.
• Modify the dimensions as per the requirement.
• Change the color of the dimension and extension line as per the requirement.
• Under the text option, Change the text height to 7".
• Click ok, then click set current and close the dimension style manager dialog box.
• Give dimensions and text as per the drawing and requirement using the Mtext command and Dimension Command.

2. Footing Layout:

• Turn off all the layers except the column layer and boundary layer in the layer properties.
• Select the Copy tool by typing CO or COPY in the command box.
• Select all the columns from the building plan and copy them to a different location as shown in the figure below.
• Using the line command, the square footing of size 4'x4' is provided for all the columns except for staircase column where footing of size 3'x3' is provided.
• Using the CENTERLINE LineType, the grid lines are provided.
• Using the DIM-LIN and DIM-CONTINUE command, the dimensions between the grid lines are mentioned.
• Also using the DIM-LIN command, the column positions in the footing is mentioned.
• Using DText command, the Grid names and title is given.
• For better visibility, I have provided colors for grid lines and dimensions between grid lines.
• Select the Trim tool by typing TR or Trim in the command box.
• Trim the unnecessary lines and press Esc to cancel the command
• Select the Dimension tool by typing DIM in the command box.
• Select the first point and the second point of the object to be measured. Repeat for all the objects to be measured.
• Enter DS in the command box to open the dimension style manager dialog.
• Modify the dimensions as per the requirement.
• Change the color of the dimension and extension line as per the requirement.
• Under the text option, Change the text height to 7".
• Click ok, then click set current and close the dimension style manager dialog box.
• Give dimensions and text as per the drawing and requirement using the Mtext command and Dimension Command.

• The following image shows the Column layout, Footing Layout and Beam Layout together.

COLUMN SCHEDULE:

• Using the commands Table, LIne, Offset, Mirror, Circle, Hatch and MText, the
  1. Column Schedule
  2. Beam Schedule
  3. Footing Size.

BEAM SCHEDULE:

FOOTING SIZE:

• Footing size is 4' x 4'.

RESULT:

Both Architectural and Structural drawings are shown below again