Project 1 _Creating an Architectural plan for the provided plot size and develop relevant basic structural drawings

Design and Draft a layout of a residential building with the following details:

a. Plot Size: 60’x20’(18.3m x6m) 

b. Orientation- Facing East 

c. Develop the following: 1. Architectural Drawing (Floor Plan, Elevations, and Sections) 2. Structural Drawing (Column, Bean, Footing Plan)

 DEVELOPING ARCHITECTURAL AND STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS OF A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

  AIM: To draw,

1. Architectural Drawings of Floor Plan, Elevations, and Sections
2. Structural Drawings of Column, Beam and Footing Plan.

  INTRODUCTION: 

• Architectural and structural drawings are generally considered to be the drawings of steel, wood, concrete,and other materials used to construct buildings, ships, planes, bridges, towers, tanks, and so on.
• A structural drawing, a type of engineering drawing, is a plan or set of plans and details for how a building or other structure will be built. 
• Structural drawings are generally prepared by registered professional engineers, and based on information provided by architectural drawings.
• The structural drawings are primarily concerned with the load-carrying members of a structure.
• They outline the size and types of materials to be used, as well as the general demands for connections.
• Architectural drawings are used by architects and others for a number of purposes to develop a design idea into a coherent proposal, to communicate ideas and concepts, to convince clients of the merits of a design, to assist a building contractor to construct it based on design intent, as a record of the design and planned development, or to make a record of a building that already exists.

  COMMANDS USED:

• Limits command
• Line command
• Offset command
• Hatch command
• Dimlinear command
• Dimstyle command
• Units command
• Extend command
• Fillet command
• Trim command
• Join command
• Circle command
• Line weight command
• Line type command
• Object snap command 

  PROCEDURE:

  1. Architectural Drawings of Floor Plan, Elevations, and Sections:

     Step:-1

     Ground floor plan:

• First we have to draw the plot area and building area using the line command and dimlinear command as shown in the below figure.

         

• Next we have to draw the line hrozontally forward with the length of 20'.
• And next again draw the line upwards from the previous line with the length of 50'.
• From the top from previous line again we draw the line backwards with the length of 18'-4"
• Next from previous line we draw the line downwards with the length of 39'-9".
• Now from the left side corner of the 1st line we draw the another line from thet edge with the length of 10'-1".
• Next join the to edges with the small horizontal line to join them, as shown in the below figure.

         

• Now we draw the master bedroom with the size of 10'-6" x 9'-5".
• Next we draw the attached toilet with the size of 5'-5" x 4'-0".
• Next we draw the Guest bed room with the size of 10'-6" x 9'-5".
• Next we draw the attached toilet with the size of 5'-6" x 4'-0".
• Next we draw the store room with the size of 5'-5" x 7''-9".
• Next we draw the Living/ drawing room with the size of 9'-5" x 11'-9" using the line command and trim command.
• Next we draw the kitchen room and dinning room with size of 9'-5" x 15'-3".
• Next we draw the waiting room with the size of 9'-5" x 10'-6".
• Next we draw the staircase with the tread of 9 inches and riser of 6 inches, and we also draw the entrance gate facing east.
• Next we draw the all doors with the size of 800 x 2000mm except toilet doors.
• Next we draw the toilet doors with the size of 700 x 2100mm.
• Next we draw the all windows with the size of 900 x 1200mm.
• Then after we use the dimlinear command to put the dimensions to the rooms.
• Next we draw the furniture things where they are required.
• Now we select the Single text command to indicate the rooms.
• Next we draw the direction symbol using the circle command, line command and text command as shown in the below figure.
• Finally, we indicate the total drawing using the Single text command as Ground floor plan as shown in the figure.

         

     Step:2

     First floor plan:

• Next we have to draw the line hrozontally forward with the length of 20'.
• And next again draw the line upwards from the previous line with the length of 50'.
• From the top from previous line again we draw the line backwards with the length of 18'-4"
• Next from previous line we draw the line downwards with the length of 39'-9".
• Now from the left side corner of the 1st line we draw the another line from thet edge with the length of 10'-1".
• Next join the to edges with the small horizontal line to join them, as shown in the below figure.  

         

• Now we draw the master bedroom with the size of 10'-6" x 9'-5".
• Next we draw the attached toilet with the size of 5'-5" x 4'-0".
• Next we draw the Guest bed room with the size of 10'-6" x 9'-5".
• Next we draw the attached toilet with the size of 5'-6" x 4'-0".
• Next we draw the store room with the size of 5'-5" x 7''-9".
• Next we draw the Living/ drawing room with the size of 9'-5" x 11'-9" using the line command and trim command.
• Next we draw the kitchen room and dinning room with size of 9'-5" x 15'-3".
• Next we draw the waiting room with the size of 9'-5" x 10'-6".
• Next we draw the staircase with the tread of 9 inches and riser of 6 inches, and we also draw the entrance gate facing east.
• Next we draw the all doors with the size of 800 x 2000mm except toilet doors.
• Next we draw the toilet doors with the size of 700 x 2100mm.
• Next we draw the all windows with the size of 900 x 1200mm.
• Then after we use the dimlinear command to put the dimensions to the rooms.
• Next we draw the furniture things where they are required.
• Now we select the Single text command to indicate the rooms.
• Next we draw the direction symbol using the circle command, line command and text command as shown in the below figure.
• Finally, we indicate the total drawing using the Single text command as Ground floor plan as shown in the figure.

         

     Step:-3

     Section-AA

• First of all we have to draw the line with the length of 20' horizontally.
• Next draw a line from previous line with the length of 23'-0" vertically upwards.
• From the precious line we draw the line backwards with the length of 20' horizontally.
• Next join the first line and the last line with the length of 23'-0".
• Next we draw the staircase using the line command with the 9 inches tread and 6 inches riser.
• And also draw the railing to the stairs to look good in the front view.
• Next draw the doors and windows in the ground floor and first floor as shown in the below figure.
• And draw the water tank on the top at left side of the building.
• Finally we put the dimensions where ever they required using the dimlinear command.
• And write the elevation name downside of the drawing using the single text command.

         

     Step:-4

     Section-BB

• First we have to draw the line with the length of 50'-0" using the line command.
• And then offset that line with the length of 150mm offset.
• Next draw the vertical line fron the left side corner of the first line with the length of 23'-0".
• Next draw the floors using the line command and offset command.
• Next draw the doors and windows with the help of line command and trim command.
• The thickness of slabs are 200mm for both floor slabs.
• And draw the water tank on the top at left side of the building.
• Finally we put the dimensions where ever they required using the dimlinear command.
• And write the elevation name downside of the drawing using the single text command.

         

     Step:-5

     Front Elevation:

• First of all we have to draw the line with the length of 20' horizontally.
• Next draw a line from previous line with the length of 23'-0" vertically upwards.
• From the precious line we draw the line backwards with the length of 20' horizontally.
• Next join the first line and the last line with the length of 23'-0".
• Next we draw the staircase using the line command with the 9 inches tread and 6 inches riser.
• And also draw the railing to the stairs to look good in the front view.
• Next draw the doors and windows in the ground floor and first floor as shown in the below figure.
• And draw the water tank on the top at left side of the building.
• After that we draw the compound wall and draw the gate attached to the compound wall.
• Finally we put the dimensions where ever they required using the dimlinear command.
• And write the elevation name downside of the drawing using the single text command.
• Next we use the hatch command to hatch the different parts in building with different colours.
• Next use single text command to indicate the ground level of the building as shown in the below figure.

         

     Step:-6

     Side elevation:

• First we have to draw the line with the length of 50'-0" using the line command.
• And then offset that line with the length of 150mm offset.
• Next draw the vertical line fron the left side corner of the first line with the length of 23'-0".
• Next draw the floors using the line command and offset command.
• Next draw the doors and windows with the help of line command and trim command.
• The thickness of slabs are 200mm for both floor slabs.
• And draw the water tank on the top at left side of the building, and we draw the staircase in the side elevation.
• As we designed a building, when we see the building in side view that will be look like the figure shown below.

         

 2. Structural Drawings of Column, Beam and Footing Plan:

     Step:-1

     Column Layout:

• First we have to draw the grid lines as shown in the below figure.
• Next indicate the vertcal lines with the alphabates.
• And next indicate the horizontal lines with the numbers, as shown in the figure below.

         

• Next draw the columns where ever they are required in the figure.
• Next use the single text command to indicate the columns with C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11, C12, C13, C14.
• Next use the single text command and write the text as 'Column Layout' downwards to the figure. 

         

     Step:-2

     Beam Layout:

• First we have to draw the grid lines as shown in the below figure.
• Next indicate the vertcal lines with the alphabates.
• And next indicate the horizontal lines with the numbers, as shown in the figure below.

         

• Next draw the columns where ever they are required in the figure.
• Next we have to draw the beams using the line command with reference to the columns.
• Next put the dimensions where ever they required using the dimlinear command, and the beam size is taken as 10" x 10".
• Next use the single text command and write the text as 'Beam Layout' downwards to the figure. 

         

     Step:-3

     Footing Layout:

• First we have to draw the grid lines as shown in the below figure.
• Next indicate the vertcal lines with the alphabates.
• And next indicate the horizontal lines with the numbers, as shown in the figure below.

         

• Next we have to draw the column and footing with the required dimensions.
• We take the column size as 10" x 10".
• Next we do the offset of 2'-6" horizontally and vertically from the columns to form the footings.
• Then we drawn the footing layout with required dimensions.
• Finally we put the dimensions in the every part of the drawing using the dimlinear command.
• Next use the single text command and write the text as 'Footing Layout' downwards to the figure. 

         

  RESULT:-

• The architectural drawings(Floor Plan, Elevations, and Sections) and Structural drawings(Column, Beam and Footing Plan) are drawn successfully in the autocad in detailed manner.