Identification of Cracks

• Answer 1

a) This crack is formed on colum-beam joint. This crack will be formed due to the flexural failure of a beam. The flexural strength, known as modulus of rupture, bend strength, or fracture strength, is a material property, defined as the stress in a material just before it yields in a flexure test. The flexural strength represents the highest stress experienced within the material at its moment of rupture.

b) This cracks are formed due to the mistakes done in the construction and honeycombing in concrete. To avoid cracks in concrete, avoid using high slump concrete. Concrete of moderate slump (less than 5 inches) results in less cracking. High slump concrete can only be used if it is controlled by concrete admixtures or designed such that segregation and bleeding of concrete is controlled. Concrete admixtures such as water reducers or super plasticizers can be used to increase slump while reducing addition of water content.

c) This cracks are formed due to the beam-column joint failure. In the strong column-weak beam design.

• Answer 2

a) This crack will be formed due to the flexural failure of a column.

b) This crack will be formed due to the shear failure of a column. Lateral loads in a structure are carrying by vertical elements such as columns and shear walls.

c) This cracks are formed due to the short column failure. In Short Columns, failure takes place due to yielding and we define this phenomenon as crushing.