Fender Design

FENDER DESIGN
AIM: To design a front fender of a car by following the given master section as per 
the design considerations of OEM.
INTRODUCTION :
Fender is the american english term for the part of an automobile, motorcycle or 
other vehicle body that frames a wheel well. Its primary propose is to prevent sand, 
rocks, mud, liquids, and other road spray from being thrown into the air by the 
rotating tire. Fender are typically rigid and can be damaged by contact with the 
road surface. Stictly materials, such as mud, may adhere to the smooth outer tire 
surface, while smooth loose objects, such as stones, can be become temporarily 
embedded in the tread grooves as the tire rolls over the ground. These materials 
can be ejected from the surface of the tire at high velocity as the tire imparts kinetic 
energy to the attached objects. For a vehicle moving forward, the top of the trie is 
rotating upward and forward, and can throw objects into the air at other vehicle or 
pedestrians in front of the vehicle. Fender is a front outer side member of a car, 
which covers the wheel side. It has so many small features with ups and downs.
FENDER
It is an aesthetic component/part of a car that frames the wheels. Prevention of 
sand, mud particles, and other road contaminants from being thrown into the 
engine compartment and also to the pedestrians by the rotating tires are the main 
purpose served by the fenders.
The front fenders are separate components whereas the rear fenders are 
integrated with the body sides.
TYPES OF FENDERS
1. FULL BUMPER TYPE: These types of fenders were used in earlier models of vehicles. 
They contribute to the major increment of the steel weight by just covering the front 
headlights with respect to the bumper region. The problem associated with this 
kind of fender is there is a lot of wastage in the blank and every inch of a material is 
a cost to the industry.
2. HALF BUMPER TYPE: These fenders are mainly used for serving the purpose of 
cost-cutting and reducing enough proportions of the steel wait resulting in a 
reduction of the weight of the vehicle slightly. They can be economically 
manufactured, i.e by slightly increasing the blank size, we can produce two fenders 
at a time.
MOUNTING REGIONS ON FENDER :
There are 5 mounting regions on the fender, they are
• A- pillar mounting
• Body mounting
• Sill mounting
• Bumper mounting
• Drip mounting
Master Section:
DESIGN OF DRIP AREA MOUNTING:
• It is the important mounting unit of the fender. it is connected with the engine
compartment, therefore the lot of design constraints are to be followed while 
designing the fender
• While designing the drip area we have to initially leave 200-300 mm for cowl 
top
• For placing the head lamp we have to leave at least 150 mm at the front 
while designing the fender
• Cowl top part consists pf wiper motor and its instruments
• Two darts are added on the longer side of the drip area in order to provide 
the stiffness and adds strength to the part. This helps the fender to not to 
vibrate and impact the forces outside of the fender during motion of the 
vehicle.
• Embossing are provided on the mounting to strengthen them during 
fastening.
DESIGN OF SILL MOUNTING AREA:
Sill is the panel directly below the bottom of the door supporting the floor and may 
be used to combine the floor and the body. The bottom end of the fender is 
mounted on the sill body for reinforcement of the fender panel, thus the sill 
mounting position is designed with holes and emboss. M5 fasteners are used to fix 
the fenders on the sill body.
DESIGN OF BUMPER MOUNTING AREA:
Bumper mounting area is used to fix the plastic bumper to the fender with the help 
of the fasteners
DESIGN OF A-PILLAR MOUNTING AREA:
The A -pillar is the structural pillar that combines the body to the roof. This make 
the sides of the windshield rest. front fenders are fastened to the A -pillar to form a 
robust structure.
DESIGN OF BAFFLE MOUNTING AREA:
Baffle mounting or mudguard are clip fit type of mounting on the inner side of the 
fender arch over the Tyre. it protects the car engine compartment and pedestrians 
from causing injuries from chip out debris on the road when the car is in motion. 
they are mounted on the fender using a special type of locking clips which are 
made up of plastics.
APPLYING OF THICKNESS TO THE SURFACE.
The thickness of 0.75 mm inward on the final sewed surface of the fender to the 
sheet metal parameters
DIFFERENT VIEWS OF FENDER:

Purpose of Fender :
Cleanliness : Protect the car, occupants and passers by from items, water, mud, 
snow, ice, thrown off the tires as you drive.
Safety : Protects pedestrain from the wheel, e.g. its better to be it by a laterally 
moving fender than a rolling tire, keeps loose, streaming items from being wrapped 
up in a rolling wheel.
Aerodynamics : Smooths the car profile so you don't get a lot of drag off the 
uncovered wheels. Some fenders are enclosed on the side for this.
General Appearance : Looks better with fender, gives a finished look, looks more 
streamlined.
CONCLUSION : Thus, all mounting areas for the fender designed from skin data and 
master section is done by following all design rules