Creating various 3D Models like Furniture, Footing, Girder, Column drop with panel and Gable Wall in AutoCad
1) Create a 3D Furniture element as shown in the Figure. Assume dimensions which are missing.
Aim: To draw the 3D wireframe model as shown in the figure
Introduction:
The 3Dwireframe model given is a furniture equipment in the house. The 3d wireframe model is drawn in different coordinate systems such as rectangular coordinate system, spherical coordinate system, relative coordinate system and cylindrical coordinate system.
Commands Used :
- Line
- Rectangle
- Trim
- Move
- Copy
- Explode
- Circle
- Dimlinear
- Dimcontinue
- 3DFACE
- 3Dorbit
- Extrude
- Region
- UCS
Procedure:
Open AutoCAD
In Startup settings start from scratch select Imperial (Feet and Inches)
Open grid and snap settings
- Change snap and grid spacing to 1’
- Change major line every grid line to 10
- Turnoff adaptive grid
Type ‘un’ in command box and press enter
Change units’ type to decimal and precision to 1’1/16” and insertion scale to inches
Change the workspace setting of AutoCAD from ‘drafting and annotation’ to ‘3D Modeling’
Step 1: Creating Layers
Open Layer properties and create new layers by clicking on new layer or right click on any layer and select new layer to create new layer
Layers are created as follows
Step 2: Creating Right box view
Start line command
- Type 0,0,0 and press enter (Rectangular Coordinate system)
- For next point type 2’,0,0 and press enter
- For next point type @0,0,2’6” and press enter (Relative coordinate system)
- For next point type @2’<180o and press enter (Spherical coordinate system)
- Click on close to close the box being drawn
Step 3: Creating Top box view
Start line command
- Type 0,0,2’6” and press enter (Rectangular Coordinate system)
- For next point type 0,3’,2’6” and press enter
- For next point type @2’,0,0 and press enter (Relative coordinate system)
- For next point type @0,3’,0 and press enter (Relative coordinate system)
Start line command
- Type 0,3’,2’6” and press enter (Rectangular Coordinate system)
- For next point type @0,0, -2’6” and press enter (Relative coordinate system)
- For next point type @0, -2”,0and press enter
- For next point type @0,0,2’4” and press enter
- For next point type @0,-2’8”,0and press enter
- For next point type @0,0,2’4” and press enter
- For next point type @0,-2”,0and press enter
Start line command
- Type 0, 2’10”,0 and press enter (Rectangular Coordinate system)
- For next point type @2’,0,0 and press enter (Relative coordinate system)
- For next point type @0,2’10”,0 and press enter (Relative coordinate system)
- Press enter twice
- Draw the line connecting top and bottom faces at top corner
Step 4: Drawing faces
Assign all the layers accordingly as follows
Use command 3DFACE to draw faces
Start 3DFACE command
- Select the four corners of the face and press enter
- Change the view style control to shaded and check for face
- Follow the same procedure for all the faces of the model
- Change the view style control to hidden and check for face
- Change the view style control to shaded and check for face
Result:
The 3d model of the furniture equipment is drawn in the above steps. The result consists of model assigned with layer. The model is drawn using all the coordinate systems. 3DFACE command is used to draw surface to all the faces. Result is shown three different view style controls such as 2Dwireframe, Hidden, and shaded.
- All dimensions are in feet and inches
1. 2Dwireframe model
2. Hidden model
3. Shaded Model
2) Create the 3d Model of an Isolated footing as shown in Figure.
Aim: To draw the 3D wireframe model of an isolated footing as shown in the figure
Introduction:
The 3Dmodel given is an isolated footing. Isolated footing. An isolated footing is used to support a single column. Isolated footings are independent footings which are provided for each column. Because of its simplicity and economical nature, it is most commonly used reinforcement footing. This 3D model is of trapezoidal tapered isolated footing.
Commands Used:
- Line
- Rectangle
- Trim
- Move
- Copy
- Explode
- Circle
- Dimlinear
- Dimcontinue
- 3DFACE
- 3Dorbit
- Extrude
- Region
- UCS
Procedure:
Open AutoCAD
In Startup settings start from scratch select Imperial (Feet and Inches)
Open grid and snap settings
- Change snap and grid spacing to 1’
- Change major line every grid line to 10
- Turnoff adaptive grid
Type ‘un’ in command box and press enter
Change units’ type to decimal and precision to 1’1/16” and insertion scale to inches
Change the workspace setting of AutoCAD from ‘drafting and annotation’ to ‘3D Modeling’
Step 1: Creating Layers
Open Layer properties and create new layers by clicking on new layer or right click on any layer and select new layer to create new layer
Layers are created as follows
Step 2: Creating bottom surface
Start rectangle command
- Type 0,0,0 and press enter
- Type @3’,3’,0 and press enter
- Press enter twice
- Type 1’,1’,0 and press enter
- Type @1’,1’,0 and press enter
Using move command, move the inner rectangle up to a distance of 2’6”
Step 3: Extruding box
Create a region by using region command in both the rectangles
Change the view style control to shaded
Change the view style control to 2Dwireframe
Using extrude command
- Extrude the bottom rectangle up to distance of 6”
Draw another rectangle at the top of the above extruded surface
Using extrude command
- Extrude the rectangle drawn earlier up to distance of 2’
Click on side grip and select the edge of inner rectangle for tapered shape
Layers are assigned accordingly
Result:
The 3d model of the Isolated tapered footing is drawn in the above steps. The result consists of model assigned with layers. The model is drawn using extrude command. Region command is used to draw surface to all the faces. Result is shown three different view style controls such as 2Dwireframe, Hidden, and shaded.
- All dimensions are in feet and inches
1. 2Dwireframe model
2. Hidden model
3. Shaded Model
3) Create the 3D view of the AASTHO Type Girder.
Aim: To draw the 3D wireframe model of an AASTHO Type Girder as shown in the figure
Introduction:
The 3Dmodel given is an AASHTO Type Girder I section. AASHTO girders are classified into 5 different types depending on their dimensions of flange and web. Following figure shows the types of AASHTO-I beams at different dimensions. As per the dimensions of the given figure the AASHTO girder type is II.
Commands Used :
- Line
- Rectangle
- Trim
- Move
- Copy
- Explode
- Circle
- Dimlinear
- Dimcontinue
- 3DFACE
- 3Dorbit
- Extrude
- Region
- UCS
Procedure:
Open AutoCAD
In Startup settings start from scratch select Imperial (Feet and Inches)
Open grid and snap settings
- Change snap and grid spacing to 1’
- Change major line every grid line to 10
- Turnoff adaptive grid
Type ‘un’ in command box and press enter
Change units’ type to decimal and precision to 1’1/16” and insertion scale to inches
Change the workspace setting of AutoCAD from ‘drafting and annotation’ to ‘3D Modeling’
Step 1: Creating Layers
Open Layer properties and create new layers by clicking on new layer or right click on any layer and select new layer to create new layer
Layers are created as follows
Step 2: Creating AASTHO type girder
Start line command
- Draw a line x direction of distance 1’6”
- Draw next line upwards to distances of 6”,6”,1’3”,3”,6”
- Draw a next line towards left upto distance of 1’6”
- Draw next line downwards to distances of 6”,3”,1’3”,6”,6”
Rearrange the lines as per the girder type dimension as shown in the figure
- Move the both 1’3” line to inside to a distance of 6”
- Move top 6” lines to a distance of 3” to the inside
- Connect flange lines with web lines at bottom and top both
Use fillet command to curve the bottom edges with radius of 1” on both corners
The final figure after assigning layers is as follows
Step 3: Creating 3D beam section
Create a region by using region command inside the I section
Change the view style control to shaded
Go to view cube and click on home
Using extrude command
- Extrude the I section drawn earlier up to distance of 20’
Result:
The 3d model of the I-section girder as AASTHO type girder is drawn in the above steps. The result consists of model assigned with layers. The model is drawn using extrude command. Region command is used to draw surface to all the faces. Result is shown three different view style controls such as 2Dwireframe, Hidden, and shaded. First the I section is drawn in 2D and then region is created and extruded.
- All dimensions are in feet and inches
1. 2Dwireframe model
2. Hidden model
3. Shaded Model
4)Create a 3d Model of a drop column with panel as shown in section and isometric view.
Aim: To draw the 3D wireframe model of an Drop column as shown in the figure
Introduction:
The 3Dmodel given is a drop column used for construction of flat slabs. A drop column is used when beam is not required in the design. Drop is a part of the slab around the column, which have greater thickness than the rest of the slab. The drop column not only eliminates the need of beam but also gives a plain ceiling and great appetence, better light diffusion, more open rooms. Flat slab is design by two methods
- Direct Design Method.
- Equivalent Frame Method
Commands Used :
- Line
- Rectangle
- Trim
- Move
- Copy
- Explode
- Circle
- Dimlinear
- Dimcontinue
- 3DFACE
- 3Dorbit
- Extrude
- Region
- UCS
Procedure:
Open AutoCAD
In Startup settings start from scratch select Imperial (Feet and Inches)
Open grid and snap settings
- Change snap and grid spacing to 1’
- Change major line every grid line to 10
- Turnoff adaptive grid
Type ‘un’ in command box and press enter
Change units’ type to decimal and precision to 1’1/16” and insertion scale to inches
Change the workspace setting of AutoCAD from ‘drafting and annotation’ to ‘3D Modeling’
Step 1: Creating Layers
Open Layer properties and create new layers by clicking on new layer or right click on any layer and select new layer to create new layer
Layers are created as follows
Step 2: Creating column top view
- Draw a rectangle of dimensions 4’6”X 4’6”
- Turn on geometric center snap in the object snap
- Draw a circle of diameter 3’6” at the geometric center of the square
- Draw a circle of diameter 1’6” at the geometric center of the square
Step 3: Creating 3D model
- Using move command, move all the components drawn in 2D to a distance of 11’6”
- Using move command, move the both circles downwards to a distance of -6”
- Using move command, move the inner circle downwards to a distance of -1’
Create a region by using region command inside the I section
Change the view style control to shaded
Step 4: Extruding Regions
Go to view cube and click on home
Using extrude command
- Extrude the top rectangle down up to distance of -6”
- Extrude the middle circle down up to distance of -1’
- Extrude the lower circle down up to distance of -10’
At the bottom extrude edge of middle circle extrude click on grip and join the lower circle extrude
Result:
The 3d model of a drop column is drawn in the above steps. The result consists of model assigned with layers. The model is drawn using extrude command. Region command is used to draw surface to all the faces. Result is shown three different view style controls such as 2Dwireframe, Hidden, and shaded. First the drop column plan view is drawn in 2D and then region is created and extruded.
- All dimensions are in feet and inches
- 2Dwireframe model
- Hidden model
- Shaded Model
5)Create the 3d model of a wall as shown in Figure. Consider wall thickness as 9”.
Aim: To draw the 3D wireframe model of a wall as shown in the figure
Introduction:
The 3Dmodel given is a wall with door opening. The 3d view of a wall is shown above with a door opening. The thickness of the wall is given 9” which is standard thickness of outer walls of a house. The dimension of the door opening is given as 3’X7’. The top of the wall is gable shape and is also known as gable wall.
Commands Used:
- Line
- Rectangle
- Trim
- Move
- Copy
- Explode
- Circle
- Dimlinear
- Dimcontinue
- 3DFACE
- 3Dorbit
- Extrude
- Region
- UCS
Procedure:
Open AutoCAD
In Startup settings start from scratch select Imperial (Feet and Inches)
Open grid and snap settings
- Change snap and grid spacing to 1’
- Change major line every grid line to 10
- Turnoff adaptive grid
Type ‘un’ in command box and press enter
Change units’ type to decimal and precision to 1’1/16” and insertion scale to inches
Change the workspace setting of AutoCAD from ‘drafting and annotation’ to ‘3D Modeling’
Step 1: Creating Layers
Open Layer properties and create new layers by clicking on new layer or right click on any layer and select new layer to create new layer
Layers are created as follows
Step 2: Creating front view
- Draw a rectangle of dimensions 10’X12’6”
- Draw a line of length 10’ at distance of 2’6” from the top edge of the rectangle drawn above
- Draw a line connecting midpoints of the top and bottom edge
Select the top edge of rectangle click on center point grip and click on add vertex
- Drag the top right corner of rectangle to the line drawn at 2’6”
- Drag the top left corner of rectangle to the line drawn at 2’6”
Create rectangle symmetrical the midpoint of bottom edge of dimension 3’X7’
Trim the bottom part of the door opening
Step 3: Creating 3D view
- Create a region by using region command inside the wall plan view
- Change the view style control to shaded
- Extrude the region created to distance of 9” to the top
- The wall with door opening is created as shown below
Result:
The 3d model of a wall with a door opening is drawn in the above steps. The result consists of model assigned with layers. The model is drawn using extrude command. Region command is used to draw surface to all the faces. Result is shown three different view style controls such as 2Dwireframe, Hidden, and shaded. First the wall plan view is drawn with the door opening in 2D and then region is created and extruded with door opening.
- All dimensions are in feet and inches
- 2Dwireframe model
- Hidden model
UCS is changes such that x axis and y axis are inverted for better view of the door
- Shaded Model
