Creating various 3D Models like Furniture, Footing, Girder, Column drop with panel and Gable Wall in AutoCad

1. AIM : To create 3D model and view of :

1. Furniture element
2. Isolated footing
3. AASTHO type girder
4. Drop column with panel
5. A wall

Command used :

1. EXTRUDE : To give height to a surface of giving distance or height in Z axis of an object in X,Y plan so that I becomes 3D.
2. OFFSET : To draw the offset line with command ‘O’
3. UCS : Command ‘UCS’. To change the UCS so as to draw in that face ie, X and Y will be made in the selected face so that it is easy to draw in that plan. Default is UCS word.
4. Box : To create a box. It is found in the home toolbar
5. UNION : Command ‘UNION’. To make different 3D object into a single entity
6. SUBTRACT – Command ‘SUBTRACT’. To subtract one 3D object from another. First select the object from where to be subtracted than the object which needs to be subtracted.
7. MOVE : Command ‘M’. To move an object in a particular axis. Coordinates also can be given for moving an object after the command.
8. 3D ORBIT : Command ‘3DO’. To create the object so that we can view around 360 degree.
9. LOFT : Command ‘LOFT’ or is available in home toolbar. It is used to connect two sections of an object. Two section are connected to form a 3D object.
10. SWEEP : Command ‘SWEEP’ or in home toolbar. It is used to create a 3D along a path created from the cross section. Alignment, basepoint, scale and twist are the option in sweep.
11. CONE : It is an primitive object. It can be created by giving the bottom diameter and height or bottom, top diameter and height to create frustum.
12. REGION : Command ‘REGION. It is used to create a region in a particular face so that it can be created to a solid while extruding.
13. BOUNDARY : Command ‘BO’. From this command also region can be created. If the encircled region is created by different lines, boundary is used, select region in the dialogue box and click on the internal point where region is to created and then extrusion is done.

PROCEDURE :

• Open the Autocad, click on workspace switching and change it to 3D modeling and click on the home button near the view cub.
• Set the limits and zoom – all.

1. DRAWING OF 3D FURNITURE ELEMENTS

AIM : To create a 3D model pot the furniture element.

PROCEDURE :

• Open the Autocad, select imperial as the units are in feet and inches.
• Go to units help of UN command and set it to engineering. So that feet/inches can be inserted
• Create a box by clicking from the toolbar or box command, click on length, give the length as 3’ and width as 2’6”(assumed size)
• Height is to be specified, give the height as 2’6”.

• Select the front face with help of command ‘UCS’ give the X and Y coordinate in the front face horizontally and vertically respectively or click on face and select the front face.
• Type the command ‘PLAN’ so that the front face is aligned correctly.
• Draw a line of 2’ from the right side of the front view.
• By rectangle command ‘REC’ draw a rectangle of dimension 3’2” and 2’4” (as the thickness is given as 2’
• Move the rectangle to the line drawn earlier 2’ from the right of the face

• Delete the line created earlier
• Now with command ‘3DO’ orbit the object and select the rectangle
• Extrude the rectangle to Z axis 2’4” leaving 2’ thickness
• Now give the command ‘SUBTRACT’ select the larger object then the smaller extruded rectangle in 2D wireframe model

• Dimensions are give by ‘DIMLIN’ command by switching the UCS.

RESULT : The 3D model of furniture element is created

2. 3D MODEL OF ISOLATED FOOTING

AIM : To create a 3D model of isolated footing

PROCEDURE :

• Create a rectangle of 2’ x 2’ on the top view
• Create another rectangle of 1’ x 1’ on the top view

• Place the smaller rectangle in the bigger one with snap on and such that the midpoint of both rectangle is in same point.

• With ‘3DO’ 3D orbit, orbit the view the view to a suitable one.
• With ‘M’ command move the small rectangle of 1’ x 1’ by 2’ in Z direction with ortho on.

• Click on the loft from the home toolbar and select the both rectangle to loft.

• Align to the top view and create rectangle on top of the bigger rectangle of same size
• Command ‘3DO’ and orbit the image such that proper view is seen.
• Click on extrude from the home toolbar and select the created rectangle and give the extrude height as 6’ and the direction of extrusion is pointed by the mouse.

• Give the dimension

RESULT :

3. 3D MODEL OF A AASTHO TYPE GIRDER

AIM : To create a 3D model of AASTHO type girder using Autocad 3D.

PROCEDURE :

• Click on front view
• Use ‘UCS’ command and make the X and Y axis in the front view plane

• Then by ‘L’ line command draw the I section with the given dimension
• Command ‘L’, draw a line of 1’ that is the topwidth of the girder
• With the line draw a 6” downwards
• With snap on draw a line from the create of 1’ and offset 3” on both sides such that the width of web becomes 6”.

• Give a taper distance and join the web and the flange.
• Mirror the same on the other side
• The web is given a height of 1’6”, offset the distance 1’6” from the end of tapering of the flange portion (1’)
• Delete the centre line drawn for the offset and also trim the extra lines in flange
• Extend the web to the offseted line
• Again offset 6” from the last line and taper the sides
• Mirror the tapered portion to the other side
• The sides should be tapered such that the bottom should be 1’6”, draw a centre line and offset 9” on both sides than join the taper.

• Offset 6” downwords form the bottom horizontal line to define the height
• To draw the taper at bottom 1’4” from the centre draw a line and offset 8” on both sides.

• Extend the 6” offseted line and trim the rest of lines
• Draw the vertical line downwards and the tapering also

• With 3D orbit turn the view and draw aline of 10’ in Z direction

• Click on sweep from the home toolbar and select the section and then the path through which the section to be swept ie., the line.

RESULT : The 3D model of the AASTHO girder is drawn.

4. 3D MODEL OF A DROP COLUMN WITH PANEL

AIM : To draw the 3D model of a drop column with panel section and show its isometric view.

PROCEDURE :

• Create a circle of diameter 1’6” in the top view

• Create a region by ‘REGION’ command and select the circle
• Extrude it with ‘EXTRUDE’ command in home toolbar and give a distance of 10’

• Create a cone by clicking on cone from the home toolbar
• Click on diameter and give the base diameter as 1’6”
• Click on top radius and give the value as 21” (half of 3’6”)
• Give the height of the cone as 1”

Top View 3D View

• Place the frustum of cone on top of the extruded circle ie., the column in the front view, with snap option place such that the centre of two objects coincide, also place the centre of frustum with centre of column in the top view.

Front View Top View 3D View

• In top view, create a rectangle of dimension 4’6” x 4’6”
• Extrude it to a height of 6”

Top View 3D view

• In the top view, place the rectangle at the centre of cone and also adjust in the front view or give move command and give the coordinate as 0,10’,0 as the rectangle is at bottom in the front view.

Top View Front View 3D View

RESULT : The 3D model of a drop column with panel has been drawn isometric and section view is also shown

Isometric view

5. 3D MODEL OF WALL

AIM : To draw a 3D model of wall

PROCEDURE :

• Draw a rectangle of 10’ x 9”

• Create a line in the centre and offset 1’6” on both sides as 3’ is the width of door opening

• Use the ‘BO’ command for boundary and create the region ie, both the region on either side of the door opening.

• Extrude the region to a height of 12’6” total height

• A layer is created for door and create a rectangle in place of door in the top view in that layer for identification.
• Move the rectangle in Z axis at a height of 7’ from the bottom
• Go to front view and draw a line from the centre of the moved line of door
• Draw slanting line from the total height from the centre line intersecting the edge
• Mirror the line to the other side
• Draw the horizontal line to join.

• Trim of the excess line and the centre line and join the triangle with join command

• Crate a region with region command
• Extrude the fig. by 9"

RESULT : 3D model of wall is shown

FINAL RESULT OF ALL :

1. 3D MODEL OF FURNITURE ELEMENT IS CREATED

2. 3D MODEL OF ISOLATED FOOTING IS CREATED

3. 3D MODEL OF AASTHO TYPE GIRDER IS CREATED

4. DROP COLUMN WITH PANEL 3D MODEL IS CREATED

5. 3D MODEL OF WALL IS CREATED