Creating Kitchen layout, Hatching of Architectural elements and sectional view of an Industrial Building in AutoCad

1. Create the layouts of the Kitchen and provide hatches pattern as shown. Also, use blocks wherever required. Provide appropriate dimensions in the plan. Assume the size of doors, appliances and others as per the standards.

AIM- To draw the detailed kitchen layout as shown in figure.

INTRODUCTION-

• Kitchen layout plan-
  • The kitchen layout is the shape that is made by the arrangement of the countertop, major appliances and Storage areas.
  • This floor plan creates the kitchen's work triangle – the path that you make when moving from the refrigerator to the sink, to the range to prepare a meal.
  • The effectiveness of space usetilize is very much depend to the kitchen layout, a suitable kitchen layout ensure the efficiency of space planning and kitchen work flow.
  • One of the most basic layout principles is the kitchen work triangle. The work triangle is an imaginary line drawn from each of the three primary work stations in the kitchen.
  • Kitchen work triangle is the area defined by the locations of the refrigerator, the range or cooktop, and the sink.
  • When we are choosing the efficien kitchen layout for your home, make sure we are considering the kitchen work triangle.
  • Choosing a kitchen layout depends on the space available, physical layout of your kitchen, efficiency and convenience desired.
  • AutoCAD- 
    • AutoCAD stands for Computer-Aided Design. 
    • AutoCAD is software developed by the company Autodesk.
    • It allows you to draw and edit digital 2D and 3D designs more quickly and easily than you could by hand.
    • This software is used for designing and drafting.
    • It is used for a number of applications like creating blueprints for buildings, bridges, etc.
    • AutoCAD is 2D and 3D computer aided drafting software application.
    • AutoCAD software saves a huge time, saving time is equal to earn more income by more output, It is a simple enough software with the real user friendly interface, It is easy to grasp and it can provide you the basic exposure, It is very beneficial in designing 3D.
    • Civil engineers design, construct, supervise, operate, and maintain large construction projects and systems, including roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and systems for water supply and sewage treatment.
    • commands in AutoCAD-
      • Line- Start the Line command by clicking the Line button on the Draw panel on the Ribbon, or by entering L and then pressing Enter. Draw line segments by picking several random points. Terminate the command by pressing Enter, Esc, or the spacebar. Press Enter or the spacebar to repeat the Line command.
      • Dimensions- You can select objects or points on objects to dimension, and then click to place the dimension line. When you hover over an object, the DIM command automatically generates a preview of a suitable dimension type to use. Supported dimension types include vertical, horizontal, and aligned linear dimensions.
      • Text- Select text command from the Annotation menu of the Home tab of this software. We have two types of text command in auto cad. One is Multiline text, and the other is Single line text. You can use any one of the text commands according to your requirement.
      • Fillet- Select the Fillet command from the ribbon panel, Or Type F on the command line or command prompt and press Enter. then Select the first object,Type R or Radius. Enter. Then Specify the radius of the Fillet and press Enter and Select the second object.
      • Trim- Click Home tab Modify panel Trim. Find. Select the objects to serve as cutting edges. Press Enter when you finish selecting the cutting edges. Select the objects to trim and press Enter a second time when you finish selecting the objects to trim.
      • Offset- We can offset any object through a point or at a specified distance. We can create as many parallel lines and curves with the help of the offset command. 
      • Layer command- The layer command is used to control and manage the drawings in AutoCAD for different purposes. It increases the display performance of the AutoCAD by hiding the portion of our drawing when needed. It also improves the visual complexity of the drawing.

PROCEDURE-

STEP 1-

• Line- Start the Line command by clicking the Line button on the Draw panel on the Ribbon, or by entering L and then pressing Enter. Draw line segments by picking several random points. Terminate the command by pressing Enter, Esc, or the spacebar. Press Enter or the spacebar to repeat the Line command.
• Trim- Click Home tab Modify panel Trim. Find. Select the objects to serve as cutting edges. Press Enter when you finish selecting the cutting edges. Select the objects to trim and press Enter a second time when you finish selecting the objects to trim.
• Offset- We can offset any object through a point or at a specified distance. We can create as many parallel lines and curves with the help of the offset command. 
• Layer command- The layer command is used to control and manage the drawings in AutoCAD for different purposes. It increases the display performance of the AutoCAD by hiding the portion of our drawing when needed. It also improves the visual complexity of the drawing.
• 

STEP 2-

• Place doors and windows.
• 

STEP 3-

• Hatch command-
• 1. Go to the Draw panel on the Home tab
  2. You will see a Hatch creation tab
  3. Further specify the pattern on the Pattern panel.
  4. Choose your desired method-Pick Points or Select Boundary Objects
  5. After filling the area, hit Enter to apply the hatch.
• Layer command- The layer command is used to control and manage the drawings in AutoCAD for different purposes. It increases the display performance of the AutoCAD by hiding the portion of our drawing when needed. It also improves the visual complexity of the drawing.
• 

 STEP 4-

• Dimensions- Give all dimensions to the elevation.
• Text- Enter text by using mtext command.
• 

STEP 5-

• Line- Start the Line command by clicking the Line button on the Draw panel on the Ribbon, or by entering L and then pressing Enter. Draw line segments by picking several random points. Terminate the command by pressing Enter, Esc, or the spacebar. Press Enter or the spacebar to repeat the Line command.
• Trim- Click Home tab Modify panel Trim. Find. Select the objects to serve as cutting edges. Press Enter when you finish selecting the cutting edges. Select the objects to trim and press Enter a second time when you finish selecting the objects to trim.
• Offset- We can offset any object through a point or at a specified distance. We can create as many parallel lines and curves with the help of the offset command. 
• Layer command- The layer command is used to control and manage the drawings in AutoCAD for different purposes. It increases the display performance of the AutoCAD by hiding the portion of our drawing when needed. It also improves the visual complexity of the drawing.
• 

STEP 6-

• Place doors and windows.
• 

STEP 7-

• Hatch command-
• 1. Go to the Draw panel on the Home tab
  2. You will see a Hatch creation tab
  3. Further specify the pattern on the Pattern panel.
  4. Choose your desired method-Pick Points or Select Boundary Objects
  5. After filling the area, hit Enter to apply the hatch.
• Layer command- The layer command is used to control and manage the drawings in AutoCAD for different purposes. It increases the display performance of the AutoCAD by hiding the portion of our drawing when needed. It also improves the visual complexity of the drawing.
• 

STEP 8-

• Dimensions- Give all dimensions to the elevation.
• Text- Enter text by using mtext command.
• 

RESULT-

2. Create the elevation of the plan created in the Challenges 7 and apply proper hatch in the walls, doors, windows, and other architectural elements. Refer to the dimensions in Plans and sections in Challenges 7.

AIM- To draw the elevation of the plan using commands in AutoCAD.

INTRODUCTION-

• Elevation- 
  • An elevation is a view of a building seen from one side, a flat representation of one side.
  • This is the most common view used to describe the external appearance of a building.
  • Elevation is as if you directly in front of a building and looked straight at it.
  • Each elevation is labelled in relation to the compass direction it faces, e.g. looking toward the north you would be seeing the southern elevation of the building. 
  • Buildings are rarely a simple rectangular shape in plan, so a typical elevation may show all the parts of the building that are seen from a particular direction.
  • Geometrically, an elevation is a horizontal orthographic projection of a building onto a vertical plane, the vertical plane normally being parallel to one side of the building.
• AutoCAD-
  • AutoCAD stands for Computer-Aided Design. 
  • AutoCAD is software developed by the company Autodesk.
  • It allows you to draw and edit digital 2D and 3D designs more quickly and easily than you could by hand.
  • This software is used for designing and drafting.
  • It is used for a number of applications like creating blueprints for buildings, bridges, etc.
  • AutoCAD is 2D and 3D computer aided drafting software application.
  • AutoCAD software saves a huge time, saving time is equal to earn more income by more output, It is a simple enough software with the real user friendly interface, It is easy to grasp and it can provide you the basic exposure, It is very beneficial in designing 3D.
  • Civil engineers design, construct, supervise, operate, and maintain large construction projects and systems, including roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and systems for water supply and sewage treatment.
  • commands in autoCAD-
    • Line- Start the Line command by clicking the Line button on the Draw panel on the Ribbon, or by entering L and then pressing Enter. Draw line segments by picking several random points. Terminate the command by pressing Enter, Esc, or the spacebar. Press Enter or the spacebar to repeat the Line command.
    • Dimensions- You can select objects or points on objects to dimension, and then click to place the dimension line. When you hover over an object, the DIM command automatically generates a preview of a suitable dimension type to use. Supported dimension types include vertical, horizontal, and aligned linear dimensions.
    • Text- Select text command from the Annotation menu of the Home tab of this software. We have two types of text command in auto cad. One is Multiline text, and the other is Single line text. You can use any one of the text commands according to your requirement.
    • Fillet- Select the Fillet command from the ribbon panel, Or Type F on the command line or command prompt and press Enter. then Select the first object,Type R or Radius. Enter. Then Specify the radius of the Fillet and press Enter and Select the second object.
    • Trim- Click Home tab Modify panel Trim. Find. Select the objects to serve as cutting edges. Press Enter when you finish selecting the cutting edges. Select the objects to trim and press Enter a second time when you finish selecting the objects to trim.
    • Offset- We can offset any object through a point or at a specified distance. We can create as many parallel lines and curves with the help of the offset command. 
    • Layer command- The layer command is used to control and manage the drawings in AutoCAD for different purposes. It increases the display performance of the AutoCAD by hiding the portion of our drawing when needed. It also improves the visual complexity of the drawing.
    • Hatch command-Go to the Draw panel on the Home tab>You will see a Hatch creation tab>Further specify the pattern on the Pattern panel>Choose your desired method>Pick Points or Select Boundary Objects>After filling the area, hit Enter to apply the hatch.
    • Construction lines- Click Home tab Draw panel Construction Line> Specify a point to define the root of the construction line > Specify a second point through which the construction line should pass and enter.

PROCEDURE-

STEP 1-

• Construction lines- by using construction lines draw section A-A.
• Construction lines- Click Home tab Draw panel Construction Line> Specify a point to define the root of the construction line > Specify a second point through which the construction line should pass and enter.
• 

STEP 2-

• Line- Start the Line command by clicking the Line button on the Draw panel on the Ribbon, or by entering L and then pressing Enter. Draw line segments by picking several random points. Terminate the command by pressing Enter, Esc, or the spacebar. Press Enter or the spacebar to repeat the Line command.
• 

STEP 3-

• Place door and window.
• 

STEP 4-

• Layer command- The layer command is used to control and manage the drawings in AutoCAD for different purposes. It increases the display performance of the AutoCAD by hiding the portion of our drawing when needed. It also improves the visual complexity of the drawing.
• Hatch command-Go to the Draw panel on the Home tab>You will see a Hatch creation tab>Further specify the pattern on the Pattern panel>Choose your desired method>Pick Points or Select Boundary Objects>After filling the area, hit Enter to apply the hatch.
• 

STEP 5-

• Draw grills of the balcony and parapet wall elevation structure.
• 

STEP 6-

RESULT-

3. Create the sectional view of an industrial building as shown in figure. Provide appropriate hatches and dimensions wherever required. Also provide annotations to the drawing.

AIM- To draw the sectional elevation of an Industrial building by using AutoCAD.

INTRODUCTION-

• Section plan-
  • Section plan shows a view of a structure as though it had been sliced in half or cut along another imaginary plane.
  • Section drawings are a specific type of drawing architects use to illustrate a building or portion of a building.
  • A section is drawn from a vertical plane slicing through a building.
  • This is as if you cut through a space vertically and stood directly in front looking straight at it.
  • Sections are a common design drawing and technical architectural or engineering convention for graphic representation of architecture.
  • Section drawings are orthographic projections.
  • This means they are not drawn in perspective and there is no foreshortening. 
• AutoCAD-
  • AutoCAD stands for Computer-Aided Design. 
  • AutoCAD is software developed by the company Autodesk.
  • It allows you to draw and edit digital 2D and 3D designs more quickly and easily than you could by hand.
  • This software is used for designing and drafting.
  • It is used for a number of applications like creating blueprints for buildings, bridges, etc.
  • AutoCAD is 2D and 3D computer aided drafting software application.
  • AutoCAD software saves a huge time, saving time is equal to earn more income by more output, It is a simple enough software with the real user friendly interface, It is easy to grasp and it can provide you the basic exposure, It is very beneficial in designing 3D.
  • Civil engineers design, construct, supervise, operate, and maintain large construction projects and systems, including roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and systems for water supply and sewage treatment.
  • commands in autoCAD-
    • Line- Start the Line command by clicking the Line button on the Draw panel on the Ribbon, or by entering L and then pressing Enter. Draw line segments by picking several random points. Terminate the command by pressing Enter, Esc, or the spacebar. Press Enter or the spacebar to repeat the Line command.
    • Dimensions- You can select objects or points on objects to dimension, and then click to place the dimension line. When you hover over an object, the DIM command automatically generates a preview of a suitable dimension type to use. Supported dimension types include vertical, horizontal, and aligned linear dimensions.
    • Text- Select text command from the Annotation menu of the Home tab of this software. We have two types of text command in auto cad. One is Multiline text, and the other is Single line text. You can use any one of the text commands according to your requirement.
    • Fillet- Select the Fillet command from the ribbon panel, Or Type F on the command line or command prompt and press Enter. then Select the first object,Type R or Radius. Enter. Then Specify the radius of the Fillet and press Enter and Select the second object.
    • Trim- Click Home tab Modify panel Trim. Find. Select the objects to serve as cutting edges. Press Enter when you finish selecting the cutting edges. Select the objects to trim and press Enter a second time when you finish selecting the objects to trim.
    • Offset- We can offset any object through a point or at a specified distance. We can create as many parallel lines and curves with the help of the offset command. 
    • Layer command- The layer command is used to control and manage the drawings in AutoCAD for different purposes. It increases the display performance of the AutoCAD by hiding the portion of our drawing when needed. It also improves the visual complexity of the drawing.
    • Hatch command-Go to the Draw panel on the Home tab>You will see a Hatch creation tab>Further specify the pattern on the Pattern panel>Choose your desired method>Pick Points or Select Boundary Objects>After filling the area, hit Enter to apply the hatch.
    • Construction lines- Click Home tab Draw panel Construction Line> Specify a point to define the root of the construction line > Specify a second point through which the construction line should pass and enter.

PROCEDURE-

STEP 1-

• Line- Start the Line command by clicking the Line button on the Draw panel on the Ribbon, or by entering L and then pressing Enter. Draw line segments by picking several random points. Terminate the command by pressing Enter, Esc, or the spacebar. Press Enter or the spacebar to repeat the Line command.
• Trim- Click Home tab Modify panel Trim. Find. Select the objects to serve as cutting edges. Press Enter when you finish selecting the cutting edges. Select the objects to trim and press Enter a second time when you finish selecting the objects to trim.
• Offset- We can offset any object through a point or at a specified distance. We can create as many parallel lines and curves with the help of the offset command. 
• 

STEP 2- 

• Hatch command-Go to the Draw panel on the Home tab>You will see a Hatch creation tab>Further specify the pattern on the Pattern panel>Choose your desired method>Pick Points or Select Boundary Objects>After filling the area, hit Enter to apply the hatch.
• 

STEP 3-

• Give all text and dimensions to the section view.

RESULT-

FINAL RESULT-

All the given figures are drawn successfully.

• Kitchen layout-
• 
• Elevation-
• 
• Section view-
•