Creating 3D Isometric view of various structural elements in AutoCAD

1. Create a 3D Isometric View of the building with plan and elevation given.

2. Create the 3D View of the Building Façade as given in the plan and elevation. Also, see the detail of the window.

3. Create the ismoteric 3d view of a stair with railing as shown in the plan and elevation. Assume the size of the balustrades and the hand rails.

4. Create the 3D view of a Wall with spread footing . Create the Door opening only. Assume the size of the parpaet and the coping. See the plans and elevation for the details. Also, create a rendered view of the model with materials as of your choice.

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* Creating 3D Isometric view of various structural elements in AutoCAD *

Submitted By :- MOHIT KUMAR

Commands Used in this challenge

• Line
• Rectangle
• Trim
• Move
• Copy
• Explode
• Circle
• Dimlinear
• Dimcontinue
• Boundary
• 3Dorbit
• 3D rotate
• Extrude
• Region
• UCS
• Camera
• Block
• Render RR
• Sweep
• Create Light

1. Create a 3D Isometric View of the building with plan and elevation given.

Aim :-To draw the 3D Isometric View of the building as shown in the figure

Introduction :-

In order to create a 3D model, a plan view of a wall with two elevation views of windows on either side is provided. Details about the frame, mullion, and handle heights are provided for 2 window openings on each side. Additionally, the thickness of the top roof and bottom floor are specified as 4" and 6", respectively. The floor height is specified as 10'. The window rises 3' above the ground.

Procedure :-

Open AutoCAD

In Startup settings start from scratch select Imperial (Feet and Inches)

Open grid and snap settings

• Change snap and grid spacing to 1’
• Change major line every grid line to 10
• Turnoff adaptive grid

Type ‘un’ in command box and press enter

Change the insertion scale to inches, the precision to 1'1/16" and the units' type to decimal.

In AutoCAD, switch the workspace setting from "drafting and annotation" to "3D Modeling."

Step 1: Creating Layers

Create new layers by clicking on new layer in the Layer Properties window or by performing a right-click on any layer and choosing new layer.

Layers are created as follows

Step 2 :- Creating Layers

Change the current layer to 3D_Wall

• Create a rectangle with the dimensions 10'9" by 10'9"
• offset it inside the screen by 9" to represent the thickness of the walls.
  As shown in figure,
• remove the left and bottom lines and extend them to the edges.

Change the current layer to 3D_Window_Frame

• Draw the window with dimensions 3'2" at top and 3' on right side as shown in figure

Step 3: Creating 3D View

Change the view to 3d by clicking on home button of view cube

Set UCS as world

• Create the boundaries for the walls using ‘BO’ command
• Extrude the boundaries created to total height of 10’10”
• Use the group command to select every wall and group them all together.

• Draw rectangles at both windows and change them to boundaries using boundary command
• Extrude both rectangles drawn to height of 3’4” as shown in the figure
• Draw rectangles at the tops of both window openings and use the boundary command to turn them into boundaries.

Type UCS and click on face and select the face having 3’ wide window

• Draw a rectangle from bottom part of window with dimensions @3’,4’

Type UCS and click on face and select the face having 3’2” wide window

• Draw a rectangle from bottom part of window with dimensions @3’2”,4’

Change the ucs back to world

• Extrude the rectangle drawn at top side to top edge of window
• Group all the wall components together

Step 4: Creating Elevation Windows

Window at Elevation A

Change the current layer to 3D_Window_Frame

Type UCS and click on face and select the face having 3’ wide window

• Draw a rectangle of dimension @3’,4’
• Offset the rectangle to inside to distnce of 3”
• Offset the offset rectangle to inside to distnce of 4”

Start the boundary command and click on pick points

• Click inside the window frame area and press enter

Start SUBTRACT command

• Select the bigger region and then select the smaller regions to subtarct them

Follow the same procedure for all the three boxes as shown in figure

Change the current layer to 3D_Window_Mulion

Start the boundary command and click on pick points

• Click inside the window Mulion area and press enter

Start SUBTRACT command

• Select the bigger region and then select the smaller glass region to subtarct

Change the current layer to 3D_Window_Glass

Start the boundary command and click on pick points

• Click inside the window glass area and press enter

All the layers are extruded to give window projection look as shown in figure

Window at Elevation B

Type UCS and click on face and select the face having 3’2" wide window

• Draw a rectangle of dimension @3’2",4’
• Offset the rectangle to inside to distnce of 3”
• Offset the offset rectangle to inside to distnce of 4”

Change the layer for all the boxes respectively

Start the boundary command and click on pick points

• Click inside the window frame area and press enter

Start SUBTRACT command

• Select the bigger region and then select the smaller regions to subtarct them

Change the current layer to 3D_Window_Mulion

Start the boundary command and click on pick points

• Click inside the window Mulion area and press enter

Start SUBTRACT command

• Select the bigger region and then select the smaller glass region to subtarct it

Change the current layer to 3D_Window_Glass

Start the boundary command and click on pick points

• Click inside the window glass area and press enter

All the layers are extruded to give window projection look as shown in figure

Step 5: Creating Views

Click on home button of the view cuble and zoom for better view

Go to visuvilise tab and click on new view

• Set view name as VIEW 1
• Click on current view and press ok

To get a better view, click on the NE isometric view of the view cube.

Click on New View under the Visuvilise tab.

• Set view name as VIEW 2
• Click on current view and press ok

Click on the Top view of the view cube and zoom for better view

Go to visuvilise tab and click on new view

• Set view name as VIEW 3
• Click on current view and press ok

Result :-

All necessary layers are initially created with the appropriate line types and weights. The plan view is then drawn as demonstrated in step 2. The 3D view is then created in step 3 with the appropriate layers assigned. To adjust the 3D view and 3D dimensions, the UCS view is modified accordingly.The boundary command is used to extrude boundaries and create regions along them. After that, a result-displaying view is created.The end result includes various 3D model views, including top view (View 3), SW isometric (View 1), NE isometric (View 2), and Windows.

• All dimensions are in Feet and Inches
• Text and dimensions are added with respective layers

1. View 1(SW isometric)

2.View 2(NE isometric)

3. View 3(top view)

4. Windows

2. Create the 3D View of the Building Façade as given in the plan and elevation. Also, see the detail of the window.

Aim: To draw the 3D Building Façade as given in the plan and elevation

Introduction:

A plan view of a wall, two elevation views—one showing window details and the other showing floor level elevations—and instructions for creating a 3D model are provided. Details regarding the frame dimensions and two mullion dimensions are provided for one window opening on the front side. The floor height is specified as 9'11". A four-story building with comparable dimensions is created in 3D.Each floor's window height from the ground is specified as 4'6".

Procedure:

Open AutoCAD

In Startup settings start from scratch select Imperial (Feet and Inches)

Open grid and snap settings

• Change snap and grid spacing to 1’
• Change major line every grid line to 10
• Turnoff adaptive grid

Type ‘un’ in command box and press enter

Change units’ type to decimal and precision to 1’1/16” and insertion scale to inches

Change the workspace setting of AutoCAD from ‘drafting and annotation’ to ‘3D Modeling’

Step 1: Creating Layers

Create new layers by clicking on new layer in the Layer Properties window or by performing a right-click on any layer and choosing new layer.

Layers are created as follows

Step 2: Creating 2D Plan View

• Create a rectangle of dimensions 6’9”X10’9” at any point on the screen
• Offset the rectangle to inside to distance of 9” as wall thickness
• Explode the rectangles drawn
• Delete the top line and extend them to the edges

Change the current layer 3D_Window_Frame

• Create the window opening of dimensions 3’ wide as shown in figure
• Add dimensions are drawn using dimension layer

Step 3: Creating 3D View

Change the view to 3d by clicking on home button of view cube

Set UCS as world

Set the view style control as REALISTIC

• Create the boundaries for the walls using ‘BO’ command
• Extrude the boundaries created to total height of 10’10”
• Select all the wall and use group command to group then together
• Delete the window lines

• Create a boundry region over the window lines
• Extrude the boundary to aheight of 4’6”
• Draw a rectangle on top of the window opening using rectangle command
• Chanhe the rectangle into a region
• Extrude the region to distance of 1’3” to below and then window openin is created as shown in figure

Step 4: Creating Elevation Windows

4’ Wide Window

Change the current layer to 3D_Window_Frame

Type UCS and click on face and select the face having 3’ wide window

• Draw a rectangle of dimension @3’,4’
• Offset the rectangle to inside to distnce of 2”
• Offset the offset rectangle to inside to distnce of 3”
• Draw center line connecting midpoints
• Offset the lines to both sides to a distance of 3”
• Trim all the unnecessary edges

Start the boundary command and click on pick points

• Click inside the window frame area and press enter

Start SUBTRACT command

• Select the bigger region and then select the smaller regions to subtarct them

Change the current layer to 3D_Window_Mulion

Start the boundary command and click on pick points

• Click inside the window Mulion area and press enter

Start SUBTRACT command

• Select the bigger region and then select the smaller glass region to subtarct it

Change the current layer to 3D_Window_Glass

Start the boundary command and click on pick points

• Click inside the window glass area and press enter

All the layers are extruded to give window projection look as shown in figure

Step5: Creating Elevation View

The windows created in step 4 are placed at its positions

• Group all the items to create the elevation view
• Copy the block having 4’ height window and place it 3 times as shown in figure

• Create the top part of the drawing using 4” wall with height 6’5” from top

• Create a boundary for the wall
• Extrude the boundary to 9” as shown in elevation

Step 6: Creating Views

Click on home button of the view cuble and zoom for better view

Go to visuvilise tab and click on new view

• Set view name as VIEW 1
• Click on current view and press ok

Click on the Front view of the view cube and zoom for better view

Go to visuvilise tab and click on new view

• Set view name as VIEW 2
• Click on current view and press ok

Click on the Top view of the view cube and zoom for better view

Go to visuvilise tab and click on new view

• Set view name as VIEW 3
• Click on current view and press ok

Result:

All necessary layers are initially created with the appropriate line types and weights. The plan view is then drawn as demonstrated in step 2. The 3D view is then created in step 3 with the appropriate layers assigned. To adjust the 3D view and 3D dimensions, the UCS view is modified accordingly.The boundary command is used to extrude boundaries and create regions along them. Views are then created to display the results after this.The end result includes various 3D model views, including top view (View 3), SW isometric (View 1), NE isometric (View 2), and Windows.

• All dimensions are in Feet and Inches
• Text and dimensions are added with respective layers

1. View 1(SW isometric)

2. View 2(Front View)

3.View 3(top view)

4. Windows

2. Create the ismoteric 3d view of a stair with railing as shown in the plan and elevation. Assume the size of the balustrades and the hand rails.

Aim: To draw the 3D view of a stair with railing as shown in the plan and elevation

Introduction:

A stairway's elevation and plan views are provided, and they must be turned into a 3D model. The number of stairs in the staircase and their horizontal dimensions are shown in the plan view. The elevation view includes the side view of the staircase as well as the vertical dimensions of the stairway and its parts, such as the height of the hand rails and their spacing in the landing. The box indicates the stair slab's thickness.It is advised to assume some other stair components. The dimensions of the assume are as follows:

• Dimension of vertical rails is 1” diameter
• Dimensions of hand rails is 2” diameter

Procedure:

Open AutoCAD

In Startup settings start from scratch select Imperial (Feet and Inches)

Open grid and snap settings

• Change snap and grid spacing to 1’
• Change major line every grid line to 10
• Turnoff adaptive grid

Type ‘un’ in command box and press enter

Change units’ type to decimal and precision to 1’1/16” and insertion scale to inches

Change the workspace setting of AutoCAD from ‘drafting and annotation’ to ‘3D Modeling’

Step 1: Creating Layers

Create new layers by clicking on new layer in the Layer Properties window or by performing a right-click on any layer and choosing new layer.

Layers are created as follows

Step 2: Creating 2D Plan View of Staircase

Change the current layer to stairs

• Draw a rectangle of dimensions 3’X12’
• Explode the rectangle
• Offset the side edges to inside to a distance of 1”
• Offset the bottom edge to upside 12 times to a distance of 1’ as shown in figure

Step 3: Creating Side View

Change the view to 3d by clicking on home button of view cube and chance the view to right view

Set UCS as Right

• Start line command and draw a vertical line of length 6”
• Draw a horizontal line of length 1’
• Repeat the same process for 12 times to draw 12 steps
• After reaching 12 steps draw a landing of length of 3’

• Draw a line of 1’ at the bottom step
• Draw a line of 6” at the top right edge of landing
• Draw a line of 1’6” backwards
• Draw a slab joining the lines

Step 4: Creating 3D View

Change the view to 3d by clicking on home button of view cube

Set UCS as world

Set the view style control as REALISTIC

• Create a region from the side view of the stairs
• Extrude the side view to a distacne of 3’ as shown in figure

Hand Rails

Change the current layer to Stair_handrails

• Draw circle of diameter 1” with 2” offset from the top right edges of the first thread of staircase
• Change the circle into a region
• Extrude the region to a height of 3’ as shown in the figure

Change the current layer to Stair_handrails_Stand

• Draw a handrail stand at the bottom with dimension 2” and extrude as shown in figure

• Using the copy command, duplicate all of the stair hand rail components with the same offset as in the figure.

• Copy the same to the other side as shown in figure

Change the current layer to Stair_handrails

• Draw a polyline connecting all the top edges of hand rails
• Change the UCS to front
• Draw a circle of diameter 2” on top of the first hand rail
• Create a region of the circle drawn

Start Sweep command

• Select the circle as object to sweep
• Select the poly line drawn as path of sweep as shown in figure
• Copy the same to the other side

Step 5: Creating Views

Click on the Top view of the view cube and zoom for better view

Go to visuvilise tab and click on new view

• Set view name as VIEW 1
• Click on current view and press ok

Click on the Right view of the view cube and zoom for better view

Go to visuvilise tab and click on new view

• Set view name as VIEW 2
• Click on current view and press ok

Click on home button of the view cuble and zoom for better view

Go to visuvilise tab and click on new view

• Set view name as VIEW 3
• Click on current view and press ok

Click on the Front view of the view cube and zoom for better view

Go to visuvilise tab and click on new view

• Set view name as VIEW 4
• Click on current view and press ok

Result:

All necessary layers are initially created with the appropriate line types and weights. Then, as shown in steps 2 and 3, the plan view and side elevation view are drawn. The 3D view is then created in step 4 with the appropriate layers assigned. To adjust the 3D view and 3D dimensions, the UCS view is modified accordingly.The boundary command is used to extrude boundaries and create regions along them. Views are then created to display the results after this.The finished product includes several views of the 3D model, including a top view (View 1), SW isometric view (View 3), side view (View 2), and front view (View 1).(View 4).

• All dimensions are in Feet and Inches
• Text and dimensions are added with respective layers

1. View 1 (top view)

2. View 2 (Right Side View)

3. View 3(SW isometric)

4. View 4(Front View)

4. Create the 3D view of a Wall with spread footing . Create the Door opening only. Assume the size of the parpaet and the coping. See the plans and elevation for the details. Also, create a rendered view of the model with materials as of your choice.

Aim: To draw the 3D view of a Wall with spread footing as shown in the plan and elevation

Introduction:

A wall with spread footing is shown in both a plan and elevation view, and a 3D model is to be created from these views. Spread footing is a type of footing that runs the entire length of a building's wall. It serves as a type of shallow footing.The wall and footing's horizontal dimensions are shown in the plan view. Elevation views include the height of 230mm-thick walls and the vertical dimensions of various footing levels. It is advised to assume some other footing components. The dimensions of the assume are as follows:

• Thickness of wall is assumed as 230mm
• Thickness of level 1 of footing is same as wall thickness i.e., 230mm.
• Coping Thickness of level 2 is offset of 50mm than the thickness of wall
• Thickness of level 3 is offset of 50mm than the thickness of level 2
• Thickness of level 4 is offset of 120mm than the thickness of level 3

Procedure:

Open AutoCAD

In Startup settings start from scratch select Metric (Meters and mm)

Open grid and snap settings

• Change snap and grid spacing to 100
• Change major line every grid line to 10
• Turnoff adaptive grid

Type ‘un’ in command box and press enter

Change units’ type to decimal and precision to 0.00 and insertion scale to inches

Change the workspace setting of AutoCAD from ‘drafting and annotation’ to ‘3D Modeling’

Step 1: Creating Layers

Open Layer properties and create new layers by clicking on new layer or right click on any layer and select new layer to create new layer

Layers are created as follows

Step 2: Creating 2D Plan View of wall with spread footing

Change the current layer to wall

• Make a rectangle with the measurements 670X7500.
• 120 mm should be added to the rectangle's inside offset.
• Double-offset the offset rectangle inside by 50 mm.
• Destroy the entire offset rectangle.
• Remove the exploded rectangles' top and bottom edges.
• extend the entire rectangle to the outer rectangle's top and bottom edges.
• Select each line individually and modify its layer at the conclusion.

Creating Door Block

• Draw a rectabgle of dimenson 50X100mm
• Draw another rectangle with dimensions of 50X50mm
• Draw a line of length 850mm from the edge
• Draw an arc line of the door swing
• Convert the door into block
• Edit the block and add flip parameters

• Create the door opening of 900mm at the middle
• Add the door block by rotating the door
• Add the door shade using respective layer

Step 3: Creating Elevaton view

Click on the Front view of the view cube and zoom for better view

Change the ucs to front

Change the current layer to G.L.

• Draw a line of certal length
• Offset the line to bottom 25mm
• Offset the last offset line bottom to distance of 100mm

Change the current layer to Wall

• Draw a rectangle of dimension 230X 3300 from the top left edge of Ground level

Change the current layer to roof level

• Draw roof of thickness 150mm as shown in figure
• Draw a Parapet wall of height 600mm as shown in figure

Footing Layers

• Below the floor level, draw a rectangle with the dimensions 230 x 600 as shown in the figure.
• Below the first level, draw a rectangle with the dimensions 330 x 400 as shown in the figure.
• Below the second level, draw a rectangle with the dimensions 430 x 400 as shown in the figure.

Change the current layer to Footing

• Draw a rectangle of dimension 670X300, below the third level as shown in figure

Trim the unnecessary edges

Door

Change the current layer to door

• Draw a line along the length of the door of 230mm at the ground level
• Offset the line to belwo to distanc of 50mm below the ground level
• Offset the line to distance of 2100 to above

Change the current layer to Door Shade

• Draw the door shade as shown in figure

The end result of this step is as follows

Step 4: Drawing 3D View of section

• For creating the 3D view initially boundaries are created
• Each boundary is created with its respective layer as current layer as shown in the following figure

Extruding

• The created boundaries are to be extruded to a distanc eof 7500mm
• Select the boundaries by changing their respective current layer
• Door opening is added by drawing a rectangle at the door locaton from the plan view
• Then from the extruded part the door region is subtracted from the wall using SUBTRACT command
• Similarly door shade is created with the opening above
• After door shade remaining layer is extruded as shown in figure

Step 6: Rendering

Rendering is done by adding materials the 3D view

• Material Browser is used for adding materials to objects
• The materials added for the comonents from the material browser are shown below

• Box mapping is done to adjust the texture of the wall

Lights

• As shown in figure, a torch light is positioned in front of the door at a specific distance with a fall off angle of 50 and a hotspot angle of 80.
• Also utilized is distant light

Step 7: Creating Views

Click on the Top view of the view cube and zoom for better view

Go to visuvilise tab and click on new view

• Set view name as VIEW 1
• Click on current view and press ok

Click on the Front view of the view cube and zoom for better view

Go to visuvilise tab and click on new view

• Set view name as VIEW 2
• Click on current view and press ok

Click on home button of the view cuble and zoom for better view

Go to visuvilise tab and click on new view

• Set view name as VIEW 3
• Click on current view and press ok

Click on home button of the view cuble and zoom for better view

Go to visuvilise tab and click on new view

• Set view name as VIEW 4
• Click on current view and press ok

Go to visuvilise and click on add camera

• Create a circle at required distance and turn it into a region
• Extrude the region to aheight of 1800mm
• Click on add camera
• Set name as cam 1
• Set intensity as 1500
• Set target such that entire wall section is visible

Result :-

Initially all the layers necessary are created with respective line types and line weights. Then plan view and elevation view are drawn as shown in step 2 and 3 respectively. Then in step 4 the 3D view is created with respective layers assigned. The UCS view is changed accordingly to make changes to the 3D view and 3D dimensions.Boundary command is used for creating regions along the boundaries and extruding them. After extrusion and door area subraction is completed door is added and extruded. After 3D view completion Material Browser is used to add materials to the componets. Then rendering is checked with various materials for better view.In step 6, the final rendering is completed, along with the lighting design. To change the render's tiles and texture, use box mapping. Views are then created to display the results after this.Various views of the 3D model, including the top view (View 1), SW isometric view (View 3), side view (View 2), and Cam1 view, are included in the final product.(Front door View)

All dimensions are in millimeters

• Text and dimensions are added with respective layers

1. View 1 (top view)

2. View 2 (Right Side View)

3. View 3(SW isometric)

4. Cam1 view(Front Door View)

5. Rendered View