Conceptual design of a building with columns and shear walls

1.

Type1:

The four shear walls are symmetrically placed and are in uniform size. Because of this, there will be a uniform distribution of seismic forces. walls are placed in L shape. Because of these heavy biaxial stress will be imposed on them, due to this the floor below the walls will undergo heavy deformation.

Lateral stiffness is higher.

Torsional stiffness is higher.

Redundance will be higher than the other two types.

Type2:

The four shear walls are symmetrically placed and are in uniform size. Because of this, there will be a uniform distribution of seismic forces. walls are symmetrically placed, therefore there will be no heavy floor shrinkage for these as they are regularly placed and are safe.

Lateral stiffness is less as stresses are less.

Torsional stiffness will be lesser.

Redundancy will be lesser.

Type3:

Walls are dissimilar and unsymmetric. In this case, the walls which are stronger will yield first and impose rest on their deflection pattern on the other.

The walls are unsymmetrical. There will be heavy deformation under the large wall, which is 10m, which is heavier than the other two walls. Because of this floor.

Shrinkage will be higher at the wall.

Lateral stiffness is higher.

Torsional stiffness is higher.

Redundancy will be lesser.

2.

• In the given plan, the beams are stronger than the columns, therefore chances of column failure are more, if the beam does not continue straight in full span, but the axis is offset to the column between them, then there won't be any smooth slow of internal forces through there longitudinal bars across the columns in the span.
• Beams with long spans have their top reinforcement at the supports governed by factored gravity loads, which results in beam overstrength.
• From the observation, we can see the variation in the perimeter of the plan and there is a discontinuity.
• B3 and B4 are not in the same offset, even when the beam axis is not offset from the span to span, the smooth flow of internal forces from the beams to the column is impaired by a large eccentricity between the axis of the beam, and supporting column.
• Therefore as an alternative to this, we can

1. Reduce column force and add bracings. that means, the short beam should be neglected, and 5 to 7m should be preferred over longer ones.
2. To reassemble the grid pattern of the floor.

3.

A multi-story building with a basement, with a quadrilateral plan as, internal columns in an irregular pattern in the plan that serves architectural and functional considerations. partition walls and interior beams supporting the slab have a different layout in different stories. however, there is no constraint to the type, location, and size of the lateral force-resisting components and sub-systems on the perimeter. proposals are to be made and justified for the choice of the lateral-load-resisting system and its foundation.