Conceptual design of a building with columns and shear walls

1. ANS:

STRUCTURE (A):

1. For this structure is considered as it is asymmetric in nature.

2. Here cannot to be considered as a horizontal irregularities and the shear wall shape like L.

3. There is some uncertainity concerning certain features of the seismic response of non - rectangular walls.

4. It occurs lack of tensile capacity and force configuration.

5. These walls have high stiffness and strength in both direction, hence are both subjected biaxial bending and bi directional shears during earthquakes.

STRUCTURE(B):

1. For this frame structure can be considered as symmetric in placed the shear walls.

2. The walls of a wall system of this frame could be arranged in two directional with as much two way symmetric as possible.

3. The shear walls are arranged in similar and symmetric, so it can be considered at every storey to fairly uniform resistant in seismic forces and deformation demands, minimizing the uncertainity about the seismic response.

STRUCTURE(C):

1. For this structure can be considered as asymmetric in nature, because of the shear wall are provided are not arranged in a two orthogonal horizontal directions.

2. The center of mass and center of gravity of such structure will not lie far away from each other enabling transitional modes in the first two principles modes.

3. The foundation, shear walls and columns are arranged dufferent arrangements so here take up huge amount moments in case of during earthquakes.

4. This type of shear wall system will carry the load equally in either directions. So this structure have lack of redundancy.

5. On left hand side of the wall provide more eccentricity, lateral stiffness is more. therefore it occurs then the damage or failure will be less.

2. ANS:

In this structural frame, there is a two way eccentricity of the center of mass in accordance with the center of stiffness, which is eccentricity of x- direction is larger than y-direction.

In this structural beams are provided at stronger than column, so it can considered as weak column strong beam design in nature.

Therefore this structure need some shear wall to resist the column failure, when the lateral forces acting about the structure.

Combination of shear wall and column tends to prevent the failure about the structure during the seismic forces occur.

As the frame plan, we can see about the alignment of beam is uniformly continuous of B1 and B2 x-direction, B11 & B12, B9 & B10 at y-direction.

But another all beams are provided at discontinuous of structural frame, so here cause to difficult to transmission of load evenly at entire structure due to action of lateral forces.

Beams with long span may have their top reinforcement at the supports governed by factored gravity load, rather than by the seismic design situations.

Therefore this structure will alternate to better portal of better offset at symmetric in nature.

The columns beams connections should be in proper cross section area then it achieve lateral stiffness, mass regularity, moment resisting factor.

As we consider beam - away mechanism in strong column/weak beam design frames is better, because of its achieve a uniform spread, global inelastic displacement demand at roof level, to all storeys.

For here we changed the column of C5 & C8 to considered as a combined footing, because of their need to avoid the loss of center of stiffness due to occur lateral forces about the structure.

And more we add one more column of C10 is covered that boundary of plan, should maintain the center of mass as well as the center of stiffness about the structure during lateral horizontal force action.

3. ANS:

1. This plan totally unsuitable for heavy seismic zone areas.

2. In this plan, the interior columns are in unsymmeric.

3. The partition wall are provided through the base of beam, should support the lateral deformation due to the structure.

4. The interiors beams is supports the slab, then the lateral load resisting the failure due to earthquakes.

5. For this irregular columns in plan, there we provided the flat slabs, because its directly stay in a column centroidal axis.

6. For this here the beams at different location is irregular in plan and are continuous and is disallowed to resist the seismic load in the region.

7. In this plan, the flat slab is more appropriate than a regular beam in column junctions, because of as its provide support the columns without any provision of the beam, which reduces the weight of the building and also helps in the ductility of the structure by indirectly.

8. For this solution of this structure is provided the shear wall from the foundation of structure, through vertical components, It should minimize the loss of sudden failure occur due to lateral force acting on structure.

THESE ARE THE EXPLAIN ABOUT THE CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF A BUILDING WITH COLUMNS AND SHEAR WALLS EXPLAIN STER BY STEP NEATLY.