Conceptual design of a building with columns and shear walls
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Issues in the given framing plan
Indirect lateral load transfer in X and Y directions - The beams are connecting to another beams which is ineffective during the lateral load transfer. in such conditions the primary beam is prone to shear failure
Eccentricity - The longer the distance between center of mass and center of stiffness the higher torsional moment of the building as per the given plan eccentricity the building is subjected to higher torsional moment (Torsional flexibility ) in both X and Y directions
Strong beam weak coloumn possibility - The size of coloumns majorly mentioned as 25 cm * 25 cm but all the beams have much deeper section (50 cm). inertia of beam is visually higher than coloumn. if the coloumn reinforcement is adequately greater than that of beams we are okay and since we do not have the reinforcement detail this is doubtful it is recommended to have sligth bigger size of coloumn
Alternate scheme
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Observations in the given framing plan
Floor plan - The floor plan of the building is not either uniform/symmetric. so naturally any lateral load induced in the floor will not have 100% influence in same direction. definetly a special lateral load resisting system for these torsional moments should be accomodated
Random internal coloumns - Since the internal coloumns are random they are unable to transfer lateral loads efficiently and cannot acheive desirable building response so we have to assume and design those coloumns for only gravity loads
Floor to floor variations in partition walls and beams - Partition walls provide an important mass control in a building and beams play key role in shear transfer from floor to beam all these elements are not in order so heavy distortion and distribution of lateral loads will happen
Suggestion on the lateral load system & its foundation
Heavy torsional forces should be controlled by respective lateral load system so Corner shear walls are suggested
The proportion of floor area is greater on the left side than the right side (Irregular Quadrilateral ) So corner shear walls on the left side should be heavier than the right
Corner Shear Walls shall preferably be supported over a box foundation. Shear walls should be connected by link beams to transfer shear from one to the other
The internal coloumns shall be supported by isolated footings.Those isolated footings can be connected with shear walls through Tie beams
