Steady state simulation of flow over a throttle body

Steady state flow over throttle body inside an elbow is simulated with the throttle positioned parellel to the flow as shown below

Working fluid - Air

The working region is initialised by air with a pressure of 101325 (Pa)

Bounadry conditions are given by

Inlet - Total pressure = 150000 (Pa)

Velocity - Zero normal gradient

Temperature - 300 (K)

Outlet - Static pressure = 100000 (Pa)

Velocity - Zero normal gradient

Backflow Temperature - 300 (K)

Mesh

Mesh is created with base grid of 2 mm and fixed embedding around the throttle boundary to capture the variations of properties accurately around the throttle

Velocity contour (Steady state)

Velocity is maximum at the gap between the throttle body and the elbow wall

Also, velocity of flow is minimum at the end of the throttle body facing outlet

Pressure contour (Steady state)

Pressure is maximum at the inlet-side end of the throttle where the flow is obstructed by the throttle

There is a formation of low pressure at the top and bottom gaps as the area of flow is reduced and hence velocity increases

Stream tracer

This function traces the flow of particles through the inlet

Seperation of flow due to the presence of throttle:

Velocity plot

Converged Average velocities of 191 & 222 are obtained at inlet and outlet respectively after 7000 cycles

Pressure plot

Inlet static pressure converged to 120554 (Pa)

Mass flow rate

Mass flow rate at the inlet is equal to the mass flow rate at the outlet except the sign meaning that mass is entering the region at inlet and leaving at the outlet

Cell count

Total cell count of 41464 is divided between 4 cores as shown below (Rank 2 & 3 share same no. of cells)