FENDER DESIGN - WHEEL ARC ANALYSIS

THOERY- Wheel arch is an arch-shaped cavity in the body of a vehicle, which houses a wheel. It has

two important functions. It serves for the safety of pedestrians and other cars because the wheel is situated in the body of a vehicle.

FRONT FENDER :

It is a BIW component whose main purpose is to avoid water and other debris splashing into the passenger compartment.

• The modern-day automobile has got fenders designed to meet aerodynamic purposes as well to reduce drag, thereby improving the performance of the vehicle.
• In comparison to the body frame, the fender has a zero percentage contribution to the structural rigidity of the vehicle with the exception of a few cases like spyder.
• Usually, front fenders are fastened to the body using hardware. The free distance available for fender crushing under pedestrian impact should be, according to standard, at least 80 mm in order to limit pedestrian head acceleration

WHEEL ARCH :

It is a semicircular profile above wheels designed for enclosing tire within the fender. The wheel arch is designed considering all possible motions the tire undergoes while the vehicle is in motion. The wheel arch also ensures stopping any debris that could possibly fly outside the wheel well and hit pedestrians.

Various standards of Wheel Arc in different regions:

WHEEL ARC STANDARDS IN JAPAN:

Measure clearance L of tire, hub, cap & fender in three different positions within area K

and produce a clearance check chart to validate.Clearance must be greater than 5 mm in all three positions.Wheel guard requirement: The value of \'L\' shall be more than 5 mm at line 30* forward and 50* rearward from the central vertical axis of the wheel.

WHEEL ARC STANDARDS IN EUROPE:

Measure CL L at sections SA-SA SB-SB SC-SC SD-SD SE-SE and produce CL check chart to

validate.

At all five sections, the CL L value should be greater than 10 mm to satisfy the European

regulations.

Wheel guard requirement: The value of \'L\' shall be more than 5 mm at line 30* forward

and 50* rearward from the central vertical axis of the whee

WHEEL ARC STANDARDS IN UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:

Make clearance check details on all positions from -100* to 100* & make the clearance check

table.

All values should be greater than 5 mm to satisfy the regulations.

The value of \'L\' shall be more than 5 mm at line 30* forward and 50* rearward from the

the central vertical axis of the wheel.

So here we are asked to ckeck the requirements for the european standards-

Considiring point B-

Consider point A-

Consider point c-

Consider point D-

Consider ppint E-

Conclusion-

COMMENT- Design of the fender has to be modified to satisfy all dimensions. Arc of the fender has to be protuded outwards to increase the clearence in section CC\', DD\', EE\'.