Ansys SpaceClaim and Workbench Basics: First Static and Modal Runs

Part 1

Hello everyone, welcome you all in week 3. So in this we are going to start the structural analysis or the structural engineering using Ansys Workbench. So till now we have studied about the basic of strength of material with respect to the finite element methods. Okay, and then we have also studied the essential concepts of the finite element method which we are going to use in the upcoming this week 3 lecture. Okay, so these are the recap of what we have learned till now. So we have learned this topics of the strength of materials. So we have learned till now this topics stress strain. So stress strain curve, linear elasticity, Hooke's law, Young's modulus, theories of failure and FEM finite element method, theoretical parts.

So in the finite element method also we have studied many concepts like types of what is FEM, what are the types of non-linearity in the problems we are having, what are the types of analysis, what are the types of element. Okay, so already covered in last week lecture, week 1 and week 2. Now in this week 3 we are going to focus on the Ansys SpaceClaim and Mechanical. Here we are going to study these basics concepts. So using the Ansys SpaceClaim and Mechanical. So let's start with this Ansys I have already opened. So I am having the here you can see Ansys 2020 R2.

So if you have to go to start menu here if you have installed this Ansys package. So this is the version 2020 is the latest version. I think they have released new one also but this is also one of the latest version of the Ansys and if you click this you will have a number of like either softwares or commands you can see in this. Okay, so based on this we have to use this SpaceClaim and Workbench as of now we are going to focus on this and then as we learn more into this yeah one Mechanical is also there here Mechanical SpaceClaim and this too we can operate through this Workbench.

Okay, so when you open the Workbench. Okay, so when you open the Workbench like this if you open this Ansys Workbench here you will see this is the uh this is in this toolbox you have the this options this is the analysis system component system custom system okay and design exploration okay ACT okay so these are the number of the options or the menu or like or the application which the Workbench will give us to perform the certain kinds of problem to be solved using this kind of system.

Okay, so here you can see in the analysis system which we are going to mainly focus in our study so in this you can see couple field static so these are the related to the electrical works this is the eigenvalue buckling so this is it comes under the dynamic analysis electric explicit dynamics will come under the impact test and all the harmonic caustics harmonic responses the frequency response analysis Hydro dynamic diffraction hydrodynamic response okay magno static so this in the part of structural engineering model is there model acoustic is there random vibration is there response spectrum is there radio dynamics is there static acoustic is there so these all are the part in the structural mechanics or structural engineering so we'll start with the static structure so let's double click here static structure okay so you can see here if you click it if you click it again another tab will come b a b like this a b c d will come here in this you have the engineering data here geometry model setup solution result so this is the workflow of our problem so like what we'll do will have the engineering data and the engineering data what will have okay the material curves okay the material curves what kind kind of materials are there density all the material related things will be there and if you are importing the model from the high permission and all then also you can change the thickness and the assign the material in this engineering data okay so this is basically it will deal with the material I'll show you so then comes to geometry geometry will get from the CAD engineer or the design engineer they will provide us the geometry and we are going to work on it they are going to give the practical connections using those geometry in this SpaceClaim and the mechanical both we can give the connection okay based on the preferences and the application okay then in the model we'll do the setup of the model we'll do the meshing and we'll give the contacts if required and we'll do the setup of the problem so this model and setup is to be done in the mechanical only and the mechanical only and then we'll solve the problem using the mechanical only okay and then we'll post process the result in the answers mechanical okay so this last four is to be done in the mechanical this geometry can be done in the design model and the SpaceClaim and this is the engineering data so let's start with the engineering data let's edit and let's see what options we are getting okay so so when I open that engineering data as we are in the static structural so we are getting a by default structure is still here so if you see here there are a number of fields are there there are a number of rows so which define the different definition like density isotropic elasticity isotropic second coefficient of thermal expansion so in the isotropic elasticity we have the young's model is poisonous ratio so if you give the young's modulus and point in ratio this bulk modulus and point in ratio this bulk modulus and shear modulus will get automatically calculated if you change this value this value will also get changed based on the equation between this constants okay SN curve is there okay so these are the basic engineering data we are going to give so that will tell the software that we are going to assign this material to this particular component then only it will behave as such okay so just have a glance so just have a glance over this closely so that just see have a look over this okay you can add the material like this yeah okay you can duplicate it here or you can click here to add a new material okay you click here and if you know the property and also suppose excuse the mentioning that this is no one is calling the other is also in this right writing or you can show good в качестве т либо ли облегчuna doncigh fair 대해 агdon無 impact layers ,but again you need to like validate material and all so instead of doing that here you need to apply the give the description also okay so instead of that most of the times what will we'll do we'll do like this because this is all are like already closed in this art where you can obviously create the new material or you can choose the material from here okay you will get a n number of material over here and you can choose it so if you see a linear elastic and all those orthotropic elastic and anastropic elastic so these are the different materials are there so you can use it now suppose you want to create a different material you just duplicate it here okay this is color so here it will come and here you can change the density so that it will like whatever the material property you have to give you can give here and just rename based on that one okay so there are n number of ways you can really create a material over here okay so here one more thing here it's the bilinear and multilinear isotropic hardening so this we are going to use it in the impact analysis problem or the material non-native problem you can say okay so engineering data sources okay so here if you see these are the sources from like of the material here water liquid structural steel and all so as based on the application we'll use we'll explore this section and apply the material okay so let's get started uh with this uh next one that is the uh let's close this one that is the SpaceClaim okay so there we can process our geometry using two software you can see here new SpaceClaim geometry new design model geometry so both are the like geometry related software and in the board we can process and tailor the geometry and give the connection base On our application. Okay. And then we can mesh it in the and set up all the problem in the Ansys Mechanical. Okay. But I am going to cover the SpaceClaim here. That is one of the software because it's new and it is very user friendly. So most of the industry in the market are using, are preferring this software. It is similar to the design modeler.

So if you know this, the concept will be same. Slightly user interface has been changed of the design modeler with respect to the SpaceClaim. So that we can grasp easily. Once if you learn the SpaceClaim properly. Okay. So when you double click the SpaceClaim, you will get this one open. Okay. So just have a look over here. So here in this toolbar here on the top, the horizontal toolbar and here we have the vertical toolbar. Okay. In this, I'll say this as a row. Okay. And I'll say this as a column. Okay. So in this row, you see there are many options. This is the file in which you can save, open the new CAD. Okay.

Then this is the sketch. Then this is the sketch. You can create the sketch of your own. The simple parts are like cuboid, cube, weld beads. So, so this can be drawn using this sketch option. Then we have design. This is used to perform different operation. When we have this CAD or like if you want to alter the or feature or the feature the CAD, we can use this option. Okay. Similarly, we have this display assembly measure. So based on the application, we'll use it. And once we start using it, it will be easy to understand more.

Okay. So these are the number of options we are having in the horizontal toolbar. And in the vertical toolbar, we have the structure. What are the components we are having? It will be listed down here. Layers. Okay. Selection. Okay. Groups. Views. Okay. So like this, we have a number of options here also. So what we'll do here as of now. We are going to start with a simple rectangular blocks. Let's create a rectangular surface. Okay. Now if you see, now I have to create a rectangle of 20 cross 20.

So there are two ways to do it. Okay. Here you have to select in this sketch, you have to go to the rectangle. Okay. And select any point. Suppose you want to start from this point on this automatically. It has been created on the ZX plane. So on the ZX plane, suppose you have to start on from this point. You can start. Okay. So this, if I am drawing, what it is defining the rectangle from one of the vertex. Okay. So this is one of the vertex. Okay.

And from this point, if you are creating a rectangle or it is moving outer from that point. Now suppose some scenario, you have to define a rectangular from the center point. Okay. So you just, you select this. Now if you see my center point. Now if you see my center point. Now if you see, my center is here. When I am moving my cursor outward or inward. Here you have to move the cursor without pressing any button. Okay. Okay. You don't have to press any button and you just have to move your cursor in which direction you want to create the rectangle. Okay. So in this scenario, this is the rectangle. Okay. This is a defined rectangle from the center. Okay. Suppose you have chosen this center. Okay. Now I have to create a rectangle. Okay.

Okay. So if I am creating 15 cross 15. Okay. So I know it's a little bit difficult to understand how I click type the 15 comma 15. So I will go slowly. Not an issue. So I am telling again, go to this rectangular. So either. So either it depends on the application. Either you can use define the rectangle from the center or from the end point. Okay. So if you're defining the rectangle from the center. Okay. You just click press the left mouse button. Okay. Click here. And then you just move your cursor outside like this in that direction.

wherever you want to create the rectangle. Once you have moved. You can see that the rectangular box which are the square box. It may be a rectangle or the square. So a square is nothing but a special form of rectangle in which the sides are equal. Okay. So in this scenario, what you will do from the center point if I am moving the mouse here. So you can see here. So you can see here. My 16 mm is highlighted with blue color and the 10 mm has not been highlighted with the blue color. If you will press tab at this point, you will see that 16 mm is going to 10 mm.

If I am pressing tab again, that 10 mm is going to 16 mm. Now it depends on the size of geometry. You need to define the dimension of this rectangular plate. So in the order to do that, just you have to leave the mouse. Okay. By adjusting any arbitrary position of the rectangle, you just position in any arbitrary manner. Okay. Okay. I have released the mouse. I am not touching the mouse also. Now you just enter the number of which will define the one of the length of the rectangular side. Okay. So suppose here if I am probing 20.

Okay. And then once you have pressed the 20 here, you just press tab. Again, you press 20. This will come like this. Okay. So now you can press enter. Okay. So it has created already. And in the order to come out of this sketch mode, you have to click. Okay. Now we have successfully created a rectangular plate. Okay. Now I am going to show you more interesting part of this. Okay. So before going to the other apart, I want you to know the units. So current the unit which we are seeing is 20 mm. This is in metric unit. Okay. So now it depends on the what unit you want to work on. So you can go to here.

In the file. Go to the SpaceClaim options. Here if you can see a number of options. So in this we have the unit. You can change it to imperial. Okay. Okay. So here the appearance is there. Detailing. There are a number of options. So it based on the uses. You will use the options. So yeah. But the our main focus is this area. So now we have changed the unit. Now if I see it is 0.787 inches. Okay. So this is an imperial unit and that was in metric unit. Okay. Now go to design. This is a rectangular plate. This is a 2D without having any thickness. Okay. Now I want to make it into a 3D shape. Okay. So in the order to do that, this face should be extruded in a particular direction.

So that it is going to provide as the cube. Or if it is rectangular cross section. It's a cube ideal. Okay. So it is a square. So let's create a cube. Okay. Now in the design section. Okay. Now in the design section. In the design tool. If you see this horizontal toolbar. You can see there is a pull option. There is a move option. There is a fill option. Combine split body split project. These are the few symbols of the plane axis coordinates. Okay. So there are a number of options. So in this scenario you need to choose those options. Okay. As per the application. Okay.

So in this scenario. I want to create a cube of thickness 10 mm. Okay. So let's first I'll change the unit again. Okay. Let's make a cube of 10 mm. So go to the pull command. Okay. And when you have selected the surface. Either you can use the mouse. You can left click. And you can drag it. So once you're dragging, you can see these numbers are changing and it is in blue highlighter 4.33, 3.74, 9mm. Okay. So these are the numbers like it's not well defined. So what we'll do? We are going to change this number. How we are going to change this number? So you release this mouse button.

Okay. Once you release the mouse button, you are going to see that the number is showing in this blue color highlight and you can change the number here. You just need to fill the right thickness of the cube. So suppose I am taking this cube thickness as 4mm. Okay. So this 4mm, it looks good. Okay. Press Ctrl H. Press Ctrl H. It is going to like hide it. Just press H. It will fit to the screen. Okay. So this is a rectangular plate we are having. Okay. Now what we are going to do is create one circular pattern on this plane. Okay.

So this is the center of this plane for this rectangular face. So let's do this circle. If you are selecting this here as a circle center and you are drawing it, you are seeing that it is coming from one point. It is not coming from the center. So in that scenario, let's select this. But this is the three point circle segment. So this is not required here. So we will see what should be the answer for this one. Okay. So what we can do here. Okay. So in this scenario, what we are going to do here, if you can see this is the circle, this circle and this circle is different.

If you select this circle. If you select this circle. If you select this circle, this is a three point circle. Okay. And this circle is a single point circle. So if you select this, now you're good. So we select this circle. So we select this circle. Okay. We can see this circle. Okay. So in this scenario, like we have created a circle like this. Okay. And we'll come out of this sketch mode and then let's pull this too. Okay. Sometimes this is one of the issue with this SpaceClaim. It is little bit inconsistent with the pull option.

so once you are pulling this we just need to see here that when I am releasing the mouse this number is also going okay so what I'll do okay leave like this now press 10 okay but it is from here to here it's 10 okay that's fine leave it okay now this everything is in one body so there is one option also to while you are doing the pulling option you are performing the pulling option at that particular time only you can separate this two body but I want to show you one option okay this is the split body so here if you select the split body and if you select this body and there is a cutter symbol you see this is a symbol of cutter and using this symbol you have to just select one plane here if you select this it will cut into two bodies so if I move this my cursor on one body this is turning to pink when I am moving my cursor on this body so what does it mean so if I click this thing it will get automatically deleted so it is up to the application of the problem or it is up to the problem statement which part you need to delete and which part you need to split which part you need to keep so here okay I think it's already splitted okay so we have performed this split body and we have splitted into two parts like this okay so this is one thing here okay so in the next class we are going to read more about this options we are going to solve one beam problem and we are going to compare its results with our hand calculation okay thank you

Part 2

Hello everyone, welcome you all in week 6 lecture. So we are going to continue what we have studied in the last class. So let's continue the lecture 2 or part 2 of week 3. Okay, so today also we are going to continue with the SpaceClaim and explore more options and then we are going to use the mechanical also, Ansys Mechanical also to solve one basic problem and validate the result with our hand calculation. Okay, so yesterday we have learned how to create the body, how to use the pull option and how to spread the body.

Okay, so let's continue with that. This is body which we have created yesterday. Now what we want to do in this, we want to separate this body. As of now, this is one body and this is another body. Okay, so now what I want to do, I want to create a hole on this flat cuboidal shape object. Okay, this is the part 1 which is in orange and this is in part 2. Now it is in orange, okay. Now this is a cylindrical part, I will say part 2 and this cuboidal, I will say part 1. So in the order to create a hole in this cuboidal body, let's use this option split.

Okay, so split this body. Okay, and use this cutter symbol. This is a cutter option we are having. So what cutter? So this face as a cutter. Okay, now tell you what is this this option is showing here when you will it already split this into two body if you see here when I am showing in pink and when I select this it will show in pink. So the pink when you place your cursor on particular part of this body which has been splitted by the cylindrical surface okay to showing pink so it means that when I click it okay then it is going to delete this body okay so let's click here left click okay so this has been deleted if you will put the cursor here on this body it will show pink and it will click it here this part will get deleted okay so press the left click okay and press escape so you will come out of it now we will do the few more operation on this so that we will get familiar with most of the operation illustrated in this design column okay so now like we have used a split body now and we have used this pull option okay now let's move this okay so in the current scenario okay so in the current scenario okay so in the current scenario this is one body okay I have to this will looks like a cylindrical joint so this can move inside and outside and this can also rotate at its own axis cylindrical axis okay so this is we have created one joint so let's slide this one slide this cylindrical block this hole which we have through this cutout in the cuboid okay so in the cuboid okay so in the order to do that use this move command so this move command if you select and create you will see if you have n number of options select component select the object you want to move okay this is the direction this is the axis anchor point you have to choose okay so if you have a different trajectory also curvature curve trajectory like that you can also move okay so these are the options okay so these are the options which we can use and move command so this is also one of the most used option up to command so up to command means suppose I want to move this face to this face okay so what I will do first I will place this axis this anchor axis to here okay now it I have moved this anchor axis to here okay now I have moved like this that's fine now it will select yeah it moved sometimes SpaceClaim still it is like emerging software so sometimes you will feel that some options are not working and the next time the same option we will do it will work so it's fine not an issue so same option I have used it worked okay so here we have seen that we have successfully moved the this object so that the bottom face of the cylinder is align is or it is on the plane to the bottom face of this cuboid okay it should come here it is coming see like this if you select it will come like this any axis any axis you can select and move like this here however you want what is the desired movement you want so here also it should go like this okay we just have to select the axis and it will you can rotate it also okay like this here if you can rotate ctrl z similarly not this one you have to select this arrow actually suppose this you are selecting ctrl z it should come see it is coming okay like this you have to select this the angle so it will come so it will come okay similarly here so it is rotating about this axis okay that's fine so like this you can move you can rotate about any of the axis whichever is the desired location you want to move okay so next option what we are going to do is we are going to use this combine option okay so now first i'll move this cylinder this i'll need to anchor to this and i have to move to this plane use this anchor this okay so now i want to combine this two as a body sometimes like you need to use this option combine option so what you need to do this is the combine option you need to select one body and press ctrl here the first one is the cutter the second one is the add merge the body okay so it's like a boolean operation so first one will is going to trim the body whatever you have selected with this one the second one you if you press ctrl if you see if you are pressing ctrl it is highlighting you press ctrl and you are pressing this now it is now it is now it is as a one body okay so let's you can use the ctrl z option also to go to the previous operation what you have made okay so the pull option also i'll tell you again so now this is one body this is another body so this pull option yesterday also we have used this pull option so in this also we will get the different options in pull option okay so this is the given direction okay so you can pull this face and here you need to keep the no merge so that this body so that this body and this body will not merge together when you are pulling it okay so use this no merge option and give the direction this direction i have given okay and pull it you can pull it like this what is what is the distance you have to pull you can pull this mouse and type the number suppose i need to pull it by 8mm like this so this is one body this is another body okay this pull command move command spread body so these all are very much useful okay now sometimes you need to give contact between these two bodies okay you need to give the contact so that this will rotate about this body so in the order to give the contact so also i'll tell you before that i'll tell you one Option is if you press control and scroll it, it will select different surface. So you can select different surfaces on the body. Okay. So if you press control and scroll it. Okay. And in the order to hide one body, in the order to hide plus control H, you can hide the body. Okay. And then show all.

Okay. So these are a few shortcuts. Yeah. So I want to use this project option. So if you see, first option is what? Select the curves to be projected on a body. Okay. Second, select the direction in which the curves will be projected. Then select the faces onto which the curves will be projected. Okay. So I have to select this body. On this body, we are going to project the, this slot which we have created. Okay. So press control and this I have selected. And now I'll give the green tick button. This option is not required in this one. Okay. It will automatically, it will take this. So I have given this one.

Now I'll control H this one. So if you can see here, I split has been made here. This is a one body only, but it has been splitted like this. So now when you will give the contact here, you can select only this surface of this cylindrical object and the other surface of the cuboidal object. And you can give the contact. You can do this with this split option also. Okay. But if you are using the split option, first you have to select the, this surface, then you have to split and then this. So that option also you can choose, but that's fine.

Okay. So these are the options which we are going to use too much or which we are going to use most of the times in the order to accomplish the pre-processing work in the SpaceClaim of any project. Okay. So coming to the mid surface creation. Okay. So before the mid surface creation, I'll tell you a few more options or shortcuts. Suppose you want to know the distance between this two faces. Okay. So what are the ways you can find the distance between these two faces? The only one is the distance. What is the perpendicular distance between these two faces? And in this scenario, we have the perpendicular distance.

This one. Okay. So the length is 4 mm. Now you want to check whether these two surfaces are parallel or not. So what you will do? So in that scenario, just select this surface and press E. So when you press the E, it is showing a distance between the object is 4 mm minimum distance between the object is also 4 mm. The angle between the object is 0 degree. It means both faces are parallel to each other face to face offset is 4 mm, which is distance between the two objects.

Right. These are the areas and the parameters. Okay. Now you want to know the distance between this face and this face. So here we don't have any perpendicular line connecting to this body. So what we'll do? So here we cannot measure the line like this and all. Okay. So in the order to do that, select this face and this face and press E. So here if you can see the distance between the object is 15.83. Minimum distance is also the same 15.83. The angle between objects are 180 degree that is parallel to each other. So for two faces to be parallel, the condition is whether it should be a 0 degree or 180 degree.

Right. And the face to face offset is both are parallel. So the face to face offset will be same as the distance between the object and the minimum distance between the object that is 15.83 mm. Okay. Okay. And area and the perimeter has been calculated based on the geometrical feature. Okay. So if you see area is 400 mm square. So what is the why the area is 400 mm square? We are taking this circular surface and this. Okay. If you see this, this is 20 and this is 20. So we have already removed this circular part of this from this cuboidal part.

So if you will do and do this, it is coming. So this area plus this area is 400 mm square. It means that there is no clearance between these two faces. Okay. So now in the order to keep the clearance between these two. Suppose you need to give a clearance between these two of 0.01 mm or 0.1 mm. So you can select this surface. Okay. And here in the instead of 0.18, it came right. 0.1 mm. If you press tab, it will go here and then you have to click 0.1 without leaving the left button of the mouse. 0.1 if you put it will come 0.1 mm.

So now you can measure the distance between this surface. And there is a gap. Little bit gap should be there here. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. In the last option, what we have not done is we have not selected the no merge option. Okay. Okay. Okay. So what we will do when you are using the pull option here, you need to give the no merge option. Otherwise, it will get. So press 0.1. Okay. Okay. Inverse visibility. Why this has happened. Why this step has come because we have selected only that surface. So we need to select all the surface and give the pull command of 0.1. Now it came properly.

Show all. Okay. So if you see there is a gap. So what is the gap here? We can check it. We can check using the option E. Press this. And press this. And press E. So here if you see the minimum distance between the axis is 0. Because the both are on same axis. It is coaxial. Okay. The minimum distance between the object is 0.1 mm. That we have offset it. Okay. So this is how it works. The pull command and the measuring command and all. Okay.

So this is a few of the examples. So what we will do. We will now create a beam element. Okay. And then we will go to the mid surface extraction. And then we are going to start the problem static analysis. And whatever the analysis we have to go through. Okay. So let's close this one. We will go. Bye.

Part 3

And let's open a fresh one. So I hope you all remember this problem like we have done in the last week, week two. Okay. So in this like we have a cantilever beam problem and in this like analytical versus FEM we are going to analyze. So in this scenario we are going to analyze the analytical versus FEA not FEM. So because like we are using this software we are solving in the software. So we are going to use this software and validate our analytical result. So let's check the dimension over here. Length is one meter. Load we have to apply 100 Newton. EI is 1000 Newton meter square. So length is EI is in Newton millimeter square. It is 1E to the power 9 I think. So 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Yeah. So if you divide it by so E let's take this as steel and E will be E is 2E to the power 5 MPA. Okay. And then the I is going to be the pi D4 divided by 64. Okay. For this bending moment problem. Okay. So it is going to be if you calculate pi D4 divided by 64 is equals to EI is equals to this value and you can divide this value and you can divide this value divided by this one so you will get so actually EI is equals to 22E to the power 5 multiplied by I is equals to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. So in this scenario I will be equals to 5 zeros gone and let's calculate here.

just I am doing as a layman term. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. 5 zeros. 2.1845. 200 GPA. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Okay. So this will be 5000. Okay. So 5000. So I is basically 5000 mm to the power 4. So there is a formula for I is pi multiplied by D to the power 4 divided by 64. Okay. This goes to 5000. So if you solve this, you will get the value of D. So because we need to specify the value. So because we need to specify the D value. That's why we are doing this lengthy calculation so that we can match our result. So 5000 multiplied by 64 divided by 3.1414.

An approximate value should be fine. So this will go under root and then one more time under root. Okay. It is going to 17.86 mm. Okay. So let's create a beam element in this. We can create the beam element using two points or edge or if you see here beam. Let's create a circular beam only because we have done the calculation based on the circular beam. If you need to create. So if you will just put a mouse over here and you can see it is showing a description. Create a beam along the edge.

Along a curve or between the two points. Point can be vertices, midpoints or the intersection of plane and edges. So this is how we are going to create the beam. Okay. So in the order to do that, let's create line only. So let's define line from the center. Here. So what was the length is. Then this 1000 mm. Okay. So this 1000 mm. Okay. So now go to prepare. Here already we are choosing the circular cross section. Go to create. Select this line. Okay. It has created. Go to display. Go to display. Here solid beam. It has created. Now you need to check this area is 314.16. So this area we need to change. So go to the beam profile. Right click on the circle. Edit beam profile. Okay. So here you can see here the R is there. So R is 17.86 divided by 2.

17.86 divided by 2. So it will come 8.93. Press tab. So it will go to the R. This is where I am typing. And press enter. Okay. So this is done. So this is how it looks. Go to the design one. This is for the beam. Okay. And go to design one. Now if you see here go to the structure and not the groups. Go to the structure. Now if you see it is coming to 50.53 mm square. Okay. So this is the beam we have created over here. Okay. So now let's open the mechanical. So go to this where you have created the geometry and the static structure. Before going to that let's check what is the engineering data we have already given.

So it is a structural steel. Young's modulus is MPA. You can change the unit also. 2e to the power 5. Okay. And this one not required at all. 7850 is fine. Okay. So I'll give 10s per mm cube. Okay. So let's open the mechanical. Go to the model. Right click edit. So we have opened the mechanical. It's still opening. So I hope you are doing this exercise with me. Okay. So now we can see here line body. Okay. So this has been done. So let's mesh it first. You can directly mesh it. It's beam element. So you can give the method or you can give the element size method not required only sizing is required. So even sizing is also not that required. So this one body is there.

So let's say it's a thousand mm. So let's give a mesh of 25. Just right click generate mesh. Okay. So it has been meshed. Okay. Okay. So this is the cross section type view. Go to the display style and thereby cross section. Okay. So now we are going to solve this problem. Okay. So in the order to make it as a cantilever beam. So let's create fix support at this. Choose a vertex. It is a line body. So line body is it's a one dimension. Okay. So it's a 1D body because its length is we have already read this why it is 1D body. Its length is very much very large as compared to the other two dimension.

But we need to specify the other two dimension in the order to specify its volume and area. Okay. So at this point we are constraining it here. Okay. And okay. This has been constrained and we are going to apply a load. So force. So force. What is the force we are having. So this is 100 Newton. Okay. That's fine. So let's select this vertex and apply 100 Newton load along minus along X. Okay. So this has been done. Okay. So this has been done. The problem. We have set up the problem. Okay. So this is the Ansys Mechanical user interface.

First of all. Second thing. Once you have opened finalizing the geometry in the SpaceClaim finalizing the connection and the geometry and geometrical properties in the SpaceClaim. After defining everything is the SpaceClaim regarding the geometry. I will go to the mechanical in which we are going to define the problem. with respect to the finite element analysis. Okay. So what we have to define the mesh. We have to define the boundary condition. We have to define the contact if it is required. Okay. So these are the like.

Based on the analysis, based on the application, we are defining the different parameters for the analysis. Okay. So as of now, we are just solving a static problem of cantilever beam analysis. So in this, gravity is also not required. We can ignore the gravity. No contact is required. Okay. Only thing it is required is whether we need to give a fixed support. So that is the one of the loading condition and we have to apply a desired magnitude load at another end. Okay. As doing in the on the screen. Okay.

So after defining all these things, so we can solve our problem. Okay. So let's solve this problem. Right click and solve it. If you see it started solving this problem, it is a very simple problem. So it has been solved actually. Go to the deformation, plot the total deformation, plot the directional deformation, insert the, go to the beam tool or beam result. Beam result is not required as of now. Go to the beam tool. Here you will get the direct stress, combined stress and maximum combined stress.

Okay. Okay. And then you can go and anything else we can probe. Yes. One thing we need to probe is the force reaction. Okay. So the force reaction, which need to probe is the fixer port. Yeah. We'll delete this off. So you can directly drag and drop to the solution. It will automatically, it will write the force reaction, whatever it's required. Okay. So let's evaluate all the results. Okay. So this is a total deformation of 33.44 mm. So this is like total deformation. So let's check the deformation along X axis.

Okay. So it is also 33.44. That is fine. Okay. Direct stress is not required. Bending stress, maximum combined stress. And this is a minimum combined stress and this is the maximum combined stress. Okay. And before that, let's check this force reaction. So this force reaction, total force reaction is 100 N. Okay. And as we have applied a load in the X direction, we should expect the reaction, maximum of the reaction in the X direction in the opposite vector. So if you see here, the force which we have applied in the plus X, we are getting a reaction in the minus X at the fixed support.

So that is a clear indication that it is correct. Okay. So what we are getting in from the hand calculation, can we check? So deflection, we are getting 33.33. That is 100% correct. So what is the value of stress we are getting? So stress will be sigma is equals to M Y by I. So M will be 100 multiplied by 1000 divided by M Y by I is 5,000. Okay. Okay. I have made a mistake here. So this Y will be D by 2. So it is going to be the 1000 multiplied by 100 divided by 5000.

So it is going to, this is the bending stress. It is going to be 8.93. Yeah. Now it is correct. Okay. Now if you will multiply this by 8.93, you are getting 178.6. Let's check what is the bending moment we are getting. So this is the value we are getting here because of the decimal. We are getting slightly off value, but if you're going to use the exact data, okay, then your value of distress, deformation, everything is going to match 100% with respect to the FEA and the hand calculation.

So in the beginning only we have studied that FEA is a approximate method. So we should not rely on this numbers, which we are getting this fancy number, which we are getting from the FEA result until and unless we have done the basic validation of the results. What are the basic validation? We should check the moments. We should check the reaction force. So these are basically the basic validation. So whatever the force you have applied, are you getting that much reaction? Are you getting that much contact force?

Are you getting that much like bending moment or moment, whatever? Okay. So this validation part, we need to do like 100%. Then only we can assure that whatever we have done in the FEA is 100%, right? So this is the most valuable thing to do in the FEA. You can do analysis. Anyone can do analysis in this, okay? So you will get a very good looking animation and a very promising numbers of stress and deformation, but whether it is correct or not, because the whole concept of FEA is the approximate method.

That is the definition. So if you are lagging behind in validating the results, then it is a little bit risky to show this result to whomsoever it may concern, okay? So a validation is the most important role in the FEA, okay? It plays a very vital role, okay? So we can continue the next part in the next class. So in that, we are going to start the main static structural analysis. We are going to start with the linear static analysis, and we are going to study about the mid-surface extraction.

Some more options in this SpaceClaim. So SpaceClaim is a tool. We are going to use it based on the application. So we are going to use it for one problem. So different option will come. We are going to face it, okay? And then we are going to solve the problem in the mechanical. So in the mechanical also, we are going to face different sets of problem. So that is how it is going to work, okay? So see you, everyone, in the next lecture. Thank you.

Part 4

Welcome you all in lecture three of week three. So today we are going to continue what we have studied in the last lecture. We have explored the options in the SpaceClaim. We have used different options like split body, move, command, pull options, and all these options we have studied. So we are going to explore more option in a SpaceClaim. And apart from that, we'll try to solve one problem also, or we'll try to solve one modal analysis problem also. Okay, a simple modal analysis to check the connectivity. So yesterday we have solved one cantilever beam problem and we have validated our result and we came to a conclusion that the whatever the FEA result we are having, we have to do the basic checks, whether our FEA result is correct or not. Okay. So I'll close this and let's open a new SpaceClaim.

So I'll just, I'm opening one more static structure here and here go to the SpaceClaim, open the SpaceClaim in the geometry. Sorry. So it's opening. Okay. So in the last class, we have explored most of the options in the design. We have explored how to create a 1D beam element with the given cross section. Today we are going to use this workbench command using the share and share option. And we are going to use the, this mid surface command. Okay. So let's create a cube of a very minimum thickness of 3 to 2 to 3 mm. Okay. So here in the design or in this sketch you go, you just create a rectangular.

Okay. Okay. I'll go with this center. Okay. So I'll go with the 40 cross 40. This and yeah, and then I'll use the pull command in this direction and I'll give a 2 mm. So this is a 2 mm thick tube. Okay. Now we'll create one more plate. So today let's study about the weld bead creation also. Weld bead creation will study afterwards. So before that, let's extract the mid surface for this one. So this mid surface, this is the option. Go to the prepare. You have the mid surface option here.

Okay. So in the mid surface option, if you can see, you can extract the mid surface using the, by selecting a pair of faces or using the range. So I'll use this both option and I'll show you. So first I'll select this face and then this face. Okay. And then you generate it. A mid surface got generated here. Okay. Control Z. It will undo it. Now, if you know the range of the thickness of the, of the object of which you have to create the mid surface, then you can, we know the thickness of this, it's 2 mm.

So if I'll give the 0 to 1 mm, will it take, it didn't take, no object has been selected. We know that this is a 2 mm thickness. So let's then give the maximum thickness of 2 mm. Okay. Control A. Okay. And then extract it. Okay. So here you will get the mid surface of this. So you can use either of the option. Okay. To extract the mid surface. Now we have extracted the mid surface. Next, what I want to do, like I have a problem open.

So you will get this CAD from the, uh, this who is providing you this lecture, you will get this CAD. So what we are going to do in this, we will extract the mid surface and we'll give the connection of one, two, three, only these three bodies. So rest of the bodies, you can hide it. Let's hide the body or you can suppress for the physics. Okay. So if you make a window from, uh, by clicking the left mouse button from right to left. So all of the, all, whatever it will come in the window, whatever the part of the body, it will select all the part.

And when you select here, here you will get activate for physics. Okay. And hide for physics. As of now, it has been suppressed for physics. So if I'll go hide all suppressed. Okay. So this has not been suppressed for physics. So I want to suppress this for physics also. So you just, uh, right click here, suppress for physics. Okay. And go to here, right click and press hide all suppress. So we have left this bodies. Okay. So this also I'll suppress for physics or you can, will not delete it off because in the other analysis, we'll need this one.

Okay. So hide all suppress. Okay. So now this is as a one body. This all are in one body. So I want this to be in three separate bodies. Suppose this and this is welded at this location. Currently it is welded. So all are in one bodies, but we will not do like this. What we will do, we will split, we'll make this as a three body. So what will, which option we are going to use? We'll use a split body. Okay. We'll select this body and we'll select this face.

So by selecting this face, the plane will automatically, you can see this plane, we'll select, it will come. So we don't have to delete any of the body. So we'll click anywhere outside and this two bodies. Similarly, we will select this body and select this face to split. And now we have the three bodies here. Okay. So these are the three bodies. If I'll show you control H. So this, if you see here, this is a solid cylinder. Okay. This is not a hollow cylinder. Okay. So what we can do here, height, what we will do here, we can make it as a hollow cylinder of a particular thickness. Say, uh, what is the radius is 3.75.

So this is the radius 3.75. So one mm of thickness, we can create a hollow cylinder. Okay. So let's create it. So it will be a good practice for you to how to create. Let's create this plane and we'll create a circle of radius. We'll create. So radius of 3.75 is it? Let's go back here. This is 3.75. So I need to make a cutout. So 3.75 minus 1 multiplied by 2. So I'll create a circular diameter 5.5. Okay. So here I'll create a circle of 5.5. Okay. So yeah.

Okay. So this is radius 2.75. This is fine. Now let's pull this little bit. Pull this because anyway, we have to trim this one. So what we will do, we will go to, there are n number of ways you can actually perform. So I am performing, uh, using one of the way. I'm just splitting this body with this plane. Okay. So I'll delete this one and I will hide this suppress for physics. Hide all suppress. So if you see a beautiful hollow cylinder has been formed of 1 mm of 1 mm distance between this two of 1 mm thickness. Okay. So now what we'll do, we'll just show all and hide all suppressed.

What we are going to do. So this we are going to extract the mid surface. Okay. So before doing the before extracting the mid surface, actually this defeaturing and all is not required because the mid surface, it will come on the mid plane only. Okay. A surface will come. But if you want to defeature this kind of a small features and all, or if you want to defeature this small holes, okay, the small holes will appear obviously on the mid surface also. So you can delete it here by selecting this face and just delete. Yes. Okay. Or you can delete it on the mid surface itself also, or for this small feature, which is not required actually in the while performing the FEA, you can just select and delete it like this. Okay. So anyway, it is not going to affect much in while creating the mid surface. So what we are going to do, we'll create a mid surface. So this is the 1 mm we know. What is the thickness for this? We don't know, right? This is a 2 mm. Okay.

So we'll give a range, not an issue. What we will do, go to prepare mid surface. Use range from 0.5 mm to 5 and that's fine. Okay. We will use this selected two phases. Sometimes if CAD will not be ... ... ... ... Good. So that the mid-surface will not come in using this option. So we'll use the surface pair and we'll surface. We'll select this surface and this surface and we'll extract it. Okay. So these are the mid-surface we have extracted. And now if you want to see the original surface, you can switch on this. This is the original surface. Here you have the option create mid-surface in the active component, same component. Use the active component.

Okay. So yeah. So these are the mid-surface which we have created. And this is visible now transparent. Just come out, press escape and come out of this option. Select all this and remove this transparency. Make it opaque. And so these are the mid-surface we have created. Now what we want to do, if you see this is the gap here. Now suppose this and these are welded together, this and these are welded together. So in the order to do the shell weld here, okay, so what we can do, there are many methods to do the weld.

You can create, you can just pull this edge to this surface and give a connection with this node connection or you can create a weld bead over there. Okay. So if we are creating a weld bead that is generally in this solid mesh, so in the, so we'll make the component also in the solid mesh. So as it is a shell mesh here, so we'll just give a connectivity to the nodes so that this nodes will, will come and projected over here. So what we are going to do, what we are going to do is here, go to design, go to the pull option.

Okay. Use this edge. This is up to this face and it has been, you see, it has been projected to this face. This has not displayed. It is just showing a mark here. It has not been a split. I thinks. Okay. Yeah. It has not been merged because this all three are different. What is okay. So similarly we'll do here. Okay. Now we need to connect this part to this, this part to this. Okay. So we'll go to workbench and there is an option called share. We'll click the share.

You will see found two edges. So these two edges has been found and we need to, if we'll press the share, this will get connected. It has been shared like this. Okay. Now I just want to show you how the mesh will be there for this one. Okay. So let's go to the mechanical and let's do the meshing for this one. So you will get an idea how this and this node is getting connected with each other. Okay. And this should be always a pink line here. When one surface is connecting to the other surface, it is a pink line. It will be a yellow line when three surfaces connecting one surface here.

And if one more surface at this side, it will be connected, then it will be pink line. Okay. So like this, it will be. So coming to this, I will edit the mechanical. Okay. Let it open. Yeah. Okay. So this is the mechanical. It has updated. So there are many things here. You will see a lot of question marks here. So we'll see what are these question marks. So this mid surface material is missing. I think so. So we'll assign the material structural steel. Let it be like this. Okay. And then coordinate system is not required. This coordinate system will delete it off.

Suppress it. Then, yeah, this is also not required. Okay. Contact is also not required. Now coming to the mesh, I just want to show you the mesh. So insert the method, select this all geometry, control A, and make sure this is in bodies. Okay. This is automatic method. And here we have given the quadrilateral dominant. That's okay. Correct. Okay. And then we'll assign the sizing for this one. Okay. Okay. Okay. Element size. We'll see how much we have to give. What is the length? Approximately the 16, 16. This is okay.

There's 31. So, okay. We'll give around to 1.5 mm. Okay. And let's, you can do the mesh in one shot or you can select a body here and right click and generate mesh on the selected bodies. Okay. I think it has been meshed. This one, this, let's mesh this two as one shot. Okay. So here, if you see that this node has, this has imprinted, but we have to see how is it connected to each other or not. So display style is by, by part, by body.

Actually in the older version, it was somewhere else. I'll see. This is a new version and they have changed the user interface. I'm still using the 19.2. So, okay. Let me check here. Display. It should be here. Shaded. Next, you know, thick. This is a thickness. You can switch on the thickness with respect to this. But here, shell thickness, thickness behavior. Body type. It's not required. Okay. Okay. Yeah. Color. Here, if you go to color, it will be a body connection. They have changed the entire user interface. So whenever you will switch from one version to another version.

So this kind of issue you will face. So it's not a, it will just, you need to explore. So in the color, by body color, by connection and by body connection, we'll go with the body connection. You will come to know, okay, this is the pink line. It means this nodes has been merged with this nodes. Okay. If I can see this, all are connected to each other. Okay. So if we'll run a modal analysis for this one, suppose we want to check the connectivity. We are not sure whether it is connected properly or not. So if we want to check the connectivity and we want to run a modal analysis. So let's run a modal analysis. Go to the solution.

Analysis. Analysis. Here, go to modal analysis. And the modal analysis, pre-stress environment, none. Let's extract 10 modes. 10 should be fine. Okay. And let's solve. Okay. So I think we have already studied in the week one when we are studying about the FVM, what are the modal analysis and why we use it? Right. So this thing we have already studied, right? This types of analysis and all. Okay. Yeah. So if we'll see this first six modes, one, two, three, four, five, six. Okay. This is a rigid body motion. We already know. So this is not a deformable modes. After the sixth modes, it is a deformable mode. So why it is this? We have already studied that the first six more body mode will give you the rigid body motion in the X, Y, Z translation and rotation. So let's check that create more shape results. Okay. Evaluate all the results. Okay. So go to this result and this is on the true scale, but it is showing like this. Okay.

Okay. This is more fun. Okay. I just scaled it down. Okay. This is rotating like this. That's good. This is translating. All are having the rigid body motion. This is rotating. About set. Okay. Now the seventh will be a deformable. See a local deformation. We are observing here. This is the deformable modes. Okay. So this is how a modal analysis will use in the order to check the connectivity of the body. So if the first six mode is very close to zero, it is about minus three and zero. Then, and the seventh mode is positive. Okay. So it shows that your model is well connected to each other and you can see the natural frequency also. This, but this is a free analysis. So this is basically, it will give you the natural frequency, but this generally in the current scenario, we have used it.

To determine whether all these three bodies are connected to each other or not. So this is how it worked. It means that whatever we have done the sharing option in the SpaceClaim, it is working perfectly in the mechanical and these nodes are well connected to each other. So this is how you should make a flowchart from the preprocessing to the post-processing. So a few more options I would like to show you in the SpaceClaim. So these are the small holes there. So these are basically not old holes.

So already, currently we are not constraining or we are not applying the load. So we can close the unnecessary holes. So how we can close this? So we can just select these edges and press delete. Select this edge and press delete. So similarly this, press delete, this, press delete. Okay, so this is how it should work. So this is the defeaturing method we are using here. So I think most of the parts I have covered in the SpaceClaim. So even a student can also give a try using all these options.

So you can easily use this, explore these options, combine, split, split body, project option, move, pull, fill. Okay, mirror option, you try, you explore yourself. Okay. So this will come actually, this, all these options. When you start getting, it's like using mobile. When you start using this software, you will get to know, you will come to know what are the options and how to use those options in particular application. Okay, so it is like this. Okay, so sometimes you want to see the mass property. Okay.

So if you select this, here it is the total surface area and the volume. Select this, there is a total surface area volume. Okay. So it is like this and if you want to some rid the edges or if you want to check whether any gaps are there. So you can use this repair options also. So mainly we are going to play with the design, measure, repair, prepare or if I'll prioritize, we are going to use the sketch, design, workbench, prepare. Okay. So these are the four tabs we are working most of the times.

Okay. So this sharing and unsharing is one of the, when you will have a number of parts with the number of fields, then the sharing and unsharing will be like a little bit, it will create some problems. So in that scenario, we, it is, sometimes it will go to a hit and trial method also. I think it should not be a problem in the higher version in 2020, but in the lower version, it was, some issue was there. Okay. Okay. So here we are going to complete the week three lecture.

Okay. So from the week four lecture, we are, we are going to start solving the different concepts, problem, the world problems. And we are going to solve the, we'll take the example of the problem, which industry uses and we'll go through the more deep into analysis. Okay. So till now, I have just taught you the pre-processing part, mainly the SpaceClaim. And I have given you a glance of the mechanical and using like how to solve, how to set up, how to mesh. Okay. So we will go into more deep when, in the upcoming lectures.

Okay. So thank you. We'll meet in the next lecture. Thank you.