Week 3 Challenge

1.1 Dead load

Live Load

Seismic Load

Wind Load and

Snow Load

1.2 one way slab is a slab, which is supported by parallel walls , beams and whose length to breadth ratio is equal to or greater than two , this trasfers load on one direction only, In one way slab length to breadth ratio is equal or greater than two

1.3 Unit weight of soil = 1800 kg / m3

Unit weight of steel = 7850 kg / m3

1.4 Rectangle

circle

Trapezoidal

Tampered 1

Tampered Tube

Tee

1.5 Primary Beam is a horizontal flexural (beam) structure member which directly connected to supporting compressive structure member that is column.

It transfer the loads to the Columns.

2.1

Pz = 0.6 Vz^2

Pz = Design wind pressure
Vz = Design Speed
Vz = Vb x K1 x K2 x K3
Vb = Wind Speed
K1 = Probability Factor
K2 = Terrain, Height and Structure size factor
K3 = Tropography Factor

2.2

Gravity load (Dead + Live) on the floor and roof slabs is transferred to the columns , down to the foundations, and then to the supporting soil beneath.

3.1 In one way slab :

The ratio of longer span (l) to shorter span (b) is equal or greater than 2,

The slabs are supported by the beams on the two opposite sides.

The loads are carried along one direction.

In Two Slab :

the ratio of longer span (l) to shorter span (b) is less than 2,

In two way slab, as the loads are carried in both directions (longer and shorter direction)

Main reinforcement bars are provided in both directions.

3.2 A horizontal beam connecting primary beams (simply supported or shear connected.)

It will transfer the load to the primary beam.

3.3 State the Indian Standards for each load case

Detail the parameters of each load case
Brief each load case

Dead Load ( IS 875 Part 1) :

Dead Load ( Unit Weight) of following Materials are

Cement = 1440 Kg/m^3

Steel = = 7850 Kg/m^3

Sand = 1600 Kg/m^3

Concrete = 2400 Kg/m^3

RCC = 2500 Kg/m^3

Soil = 1800 Kg/m^3

Timber = 700 Kg/m^3

Factor for Dead Load is 1.

Live Load ( IS 875 Part 2) :

Live loads on floors and roofs consists of all the loads which are temporarily placed on the structure,

All rooms and kitchens = 2 KN/m^2

Bathroom and Toilets = 2KN/m^2

Corridors / Stair case= 3 KN/m^3

Balcony = 3KN/m^3

Wind Load :

The force exerted by the horizontal component of wind is to be considered in the design of building. Wind loads depends upon the velocity of wind, shape and size of the building. The method of calculating wind loads on structure is given in IS 875 (Part-3):1987.

Snow Load :

The building which are located in the regions where snowfall is very common, are to be designed for snow loads. The code IS 875 (Part-4):1987 deals with snow loads on roofs of the building.

Earthquake Load :

Earthquake loads depend upon the place where the building is located. As per IS 1893-2016 (Part-I) (General Provisions for Buildings), India is divided into four seismic zones. The code gives recommendations for earthquake resistant design of structures.

3.4

• Go to Properties Tab
• Click on Define Material
• Choose Section and Material
• Click on Add and Close.
• Now Click on Assign to view and assign the Property
• Go to Support Tab
• Click on Create
• Choose Support and click on Add and close
• Now Click on Use Cursor to Assign.

3.5

Add node at the desired location of the beam. New Add beam between Nodes.

• Now go to the Specification
• Select Beam
• Click on Release
• Click on Start and Tick on Fx and Mz and click Add.
• Now Click on End and Tick Fx and Mz and click Add
• Now Assign to the selected Beam

PRACTICAL :

1. Wind pressure , according to Is 875 Part 3,

pz = 0.6Vz^2

Where vz = Vb*K1*K2*k3

Vb = Wind speed at certain location = 50

K1 = Risk coefficient = 1.0

K2 = terrain height and structure factor = 1.12

K3 = Topography factor = 0.5

Vz = Vb * K1*K2*K3

= 50 *1.0*1.12*0.5

= 28

pz = 0.6*28^2 = 470.4 = 0.47N/m^2

2. The dead load of the section considering the section length 5m and width 0.23m

• Dead load of the section = unit weight * volume of the section
• Unit weight = 25KN/m
• Volume of the section = 0.5*0.23*1 = 0.115m^3
• Dead load = 25 *0.115 = 2.875 KN/m

Live Load = Considering the general building ,

Bath rooms and toilets in all types of the building, kitchens in,

1. Dweeling houses 2 , 1.8
2. Hostel, hotel, hospital 3 , 4.5

Assume live load = 3KN/m^2
Live Load = 20 x 30 x 3 = 1800 KN

Total Live Load = 1800 x no of floors = 1800 x 6= 10800 KN