Week -2

AIM:

To make a Simulink Model of Door Bell using Solenoid Block.

SOLENOID:

A Solenoid is a type of electromagnet, the purpose of which is to generate a controlled magnetic field through a coil wound into a tightly packed helix. The coil can be arranged to produce a uniform magnetic field in a volume of space when a current is pass through it. The term solenoid was coined in1823 by Andre-Marie Ampere to designate a helical coil. In Engineering the term may also refer to variety of transducer device that convert energy into linear motion. The term is also often use to refer to a solenoid valve, an integrated device containing an electromechanical solenoid which actuate either a pneumatic value or hydraulic valve, or a solenoid switch, which is specific type of Relay that internally uses an electromagnetic solenoid to operate an electric switch for example an automobile starter solenoid or linear solenoid, solenoid bolts, a type of electromechanical locking mechanism, also exist. In electromagnetic technology, a solenoid is an actuator assembly with a sliding ferromagnetic plunger inside the coil. Without power, the plunger extends for part of its length outside the coil; applying power pulls the plunger into the coil. Electromagnet with the fix core is not considered solenoids.

Basic Component used to generate a simple Doorbell circuit is:

GIVEN CONDITION: IN the arrangement ,when the switch is closed the electromagnet receives electrical power from the Battery and pulls the metal arm to hit the bell producing sound by creating a situation where the switch is closed for 2 secs and then released.

We have used the following Blocks in the model-

1. Pulse Generator:

The Pulse Generator block generates square wave pulses at regular intervals. The block waveform parameters, Amplitude, Pulse Width, Period, and Phase delay, determine the shape of the output waveform. The following diagram shows how each parameter affects the waveform.

2. Battery:

In Battery positive terminal is connected with switch and negative terminal is connected to “Electric Reference”.

3. Switch:

The switch Block model a switch is controlled by an external physical signal.

4. Solenoid Block:

Solenoid Block is connected with Switch and Battery and electrical circuit will be formed.

The Solenoid Block represents the Electrical characteristics and generated force for the solenoid in the following figure:

The return spring is optional. To remove the effects of this spring from the model, set the spring constant parameter as from 0 to 10.

To show the direction in which the solenoid acts the block icon changes dynamically based on value of the Motion direction under excitation parameter.

The Port ‘C’ is connected with Mechanical Translation reference.

5. Ideal Translation Motion Sensor Block:

Ideal Translation Motion Sensor Block is connected with Solenoid Block ‘R’ to observe the Physical movement of the Plunger.

Connections R and C are mechanical translational conserving ports that connect the block to the nodes whose motion is being monitored. Connections V and P are physical signal output ports for velocity and position, respectively.

The block positive direction is from port R to port C. This means that the velocity is measured as v = vR – vC, where vR, vC are the absolute velocities at ports R and C, respectively.

Port C is connected with Mechanical translational reference.

6. Scope:

Scope is connected with Ideal Translation Motion Sensor to get the output. The real-time Scope block acquires data in chunks of size Number of samples from the real-time application that is executing on the target computer.

7. PS-Simulink Converter:

The PS-Simulink Converter block converts a physical signal into a Simulink output signal. Use this block to connect outputs of a Physical Network diagram to Simulink scopes or other Simulink blocks.

8. Simulink-Ps Converter:

This Block convert simulink signals into physical signal for operational use in Model.

9. Electrical Reference Block:

The Electrical Reference block represents an electrical ground. Electrical conserving ports of all the blocks that are directly connected to ground must be connected to an Electrical Reference block. A model with electrical elements must contain at least one Electrical Reference block.

10. Mechanical Translation Reference Block:

The Mechanical Rotational Reference block represents a reference point, or frame, for all mechanical rotational ports. All rotational ports that are rigidly clamped to the frame (ground) must be connected to a Mechanical Rotational Reference block.

11. Solver Configuration:

Each physical network represented by a connected Simscape block diagram requires solver settings information for simulation. The Solver Configuration block specifies the solver parameters that your model needs before you can begin simulation.

OBJECTIVES:

For DoorBell- Create a situation where the switch is closed for 2 sec and then released. Observe the physical movement of the plunger.