Week 12 - Validation studies of Symmetry BC vs Wedge BC in OpenFOAM vs Analytical H.P equation
Objective:
To study the effect of the wedge angle and the Boundary Conditions on the simulation of an axisymmetric laminar flow in a cylindrical pipe.
The given wedge angles in degrees are-
- 10
- 25
- 45
Axi-symmetric flow:
Flow pattern is axisymmetric when it is identical in every plane that passes through a certain straight line. The Related Courses straight line is the symmetry aids. Every longitudinal plane through the axis would exhibit the some streamline pattern.
Hagen Poiseuille’S Equation:
In non-ideal fluid dynamics, the Hagen-Poiseuille equation is a physical law that gives the pressure drop in an incompressible and Newtonian fluid in laminar flow flawing through a long cylindrical pipe of a constant cross section.
Fluid properties are constant (viscosity, density, etc)
Given:
- Reynolds number 2100
- Working fluid Water
- Fluid temperature: 250C
- Diameter of the pipe, D = 0.02 m
- Dynamic viscosity, (µ) =0.89 * 10-3 pa - s
- L = 2.52m
- D2
Average Velocity = / * D) = 0.09373 m/s
Maximum velocity = 0.18746 m/s
Pressure drop = 32 * 0.89*10-3 * 2.52/(0.02)2 = 16.187 mpa
The coding is
% Mat lab code for generating the block mesh dict file
% Wedge Boundary Condition
% Wedge angles = 10, 25, 65 degrees
clear all
close all
cic
% Inputs
% Wedge angle
% Take angle as input from 10, 25, degrees
Theta= input(‘Enter the value of wedge angle = ‘)
% Reynolds number
Re =2100;
% Diameter
D = 0.02;
% Length
L = 0.06 * Re * D;
% Radius
R = D/2;
% Dynamic viscosity
mu = 0.89e-3;
% Density
rho= 997.0;
%Kinematic viscosity
nu = mu/rho;
% pressure and velocity
V _ avg = Re * mu /( D * rho);
V _ max = 2* v_avg;
del _ P = (32 *mu*V_ avg*L) / D2);
Kin _p = del _pho/rho;
n1 = 50;
n2 = 1;
n3 = 300;
g factor = 0.5;
% Vertices of the wedge
V0 =[0 0 0];
V1 = [0 R *cosd(theta/2) – R*sind(theta/2)];
V2 = [0 R *cosd(theta/2) – R*sind(theta/2)];
V3 = [L 0 0];
V4 = [L R *cosd(theta/2) – R*sind(theta/2)];
V5 = [L R *cosd(theta/2) – R*sind(theta/2)];
% printing the contents of block mesh file
string1=’/*
string2=’== string3=’
string 4 = ‘
string5=’
string6=’
string7 = ‘*
string8=’FoamFile’;
string9=’{‘;
string10=’
string11=’
string12=’
string13=’
string14=’}’;
string 15 = ‘//
string 16 = ‘//
fpointer = fopen(‘blockMeshDict.txt’, ‘wt’ );
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’, string1);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string2); fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string3);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string4); fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string5);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string6);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn n’,string7);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’, string8);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string9); fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string10);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string11); fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string12);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string13);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string14);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn n’,string15);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’,’convert to meters :,’);
f printf(f pointer,’%sn’,’vertices’,);
f print f(fpointer, ‘%sn’, ‘(‘);
f print f(f pointer, ‘%s (%f %f %f )n’, blanks(5), V0(1), V0(2), V0(3)));
f print f(f pointer, ‘%s (%f %f %f )n’, blanks(5), V1(1), V1(2), V1(3)));
f print f(f pointer, ‘%s (%f %f %f )n’, blanks(5), V2(1), V2(2), V2(3)));
f print f(f pointer, ‘%s (%f %f %f )n’, blanks(5), V3(1), V3(2), V3(3)));
f print f(f pointer, ‘%s (%f %f %f )n’, blanks(5), V4(1), V4(2), V4(3)));
f print f(f pointer, ‘%s (%f %f %f )n’, blanks(5), V5(1), V5(2), V5(3)));
f printf(f pointer,’%sn’,’);’);
f printf(f pointer,’n’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’, ‘blacks’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn,’ ‘(‘);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %s n’, blanks(5),’hex (0 1 2 0 3 4 5 3 ) (50 1 200) simple grading (0.5 1 1)’);
fprinsf(fpointer,’%sn’,’);’);
f printf(fpointer,’n’);
fprintf( fpointer,’%sn’, ‘edges’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,’(‘); fprintf(fpointer, '%s arc 1 2 (%f %f %f )n’, blanks(5),0,R,0);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s arc 4 5 (%f %f %f )n’, blanks(5),0,R,0);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’,’);’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘n’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’,’boundary’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,’(‘); fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’inlet’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’type pitch;’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’faces’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’(‘);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(15),’ (0120)’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’);’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’}’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’out let ’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’{’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’type pitch;’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’faces’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’(‘);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(15),’ (3 4 5 3)’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’);’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’}’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’front ’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’{’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’type wedge;’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’faces’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’(‘);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(15),’ (0 3 5 2 )’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’);’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’}’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’back ’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’{’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’type wedge;’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’faces’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’(‘);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(15),’ (0 143 )’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’);’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’}’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’pipe ’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’{’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’type wall;’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’faces’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’(‘);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(15),’ (1 4 5 2 )’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’);’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’}’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’axis’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’{’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’type empty;’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’faces’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’(‘);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(15),’ (0 3 3 0 )’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’);’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’}’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’,’);’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘n’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’, ‘ merge patch pairs’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’,’(‘);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’,’);’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘n’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’, ‘ string 16 ’);
f close (f pointer );
Foam file
{
version 2.0:
format ascii;
class dictionary;
object blockMeshDict;
}
Convert to meters 1;
vertices
(
(0.000000 0.000000 0.000000)
(0.000000 0.009239 -0.003827)
(0.000000 0.009239 0.003827)
(2.520000 0.000000 0.000000)
(2.520000 0.009239 -0.003827)
(2.520000 0.009239 0.003827)
);
blocks
(
hex(0 1 2 0 3 4 5 3) (50 1 200) simple grading (0.5 1 1)
);
Edges;
(
arc 1 2 (0.0000000 0.010000 0.000000)
arc 4 5 (0.000000 0.010000 0.000000)
);
Boundary
(
Inelt
{
Type of patch ;
Faces
(
(0 1 2 0);
);
}
Outlet
{
Type patch;
Faces
(
(3 4 5 3);
);
}
Front
{
Type wedge:
Face
(
(0 1 4 3);
);
}
Pipe
{
Type wall:
Faces
(
(0 3 3 0);
);
}
);
merge patch pairs
(
);
Control Dict file for wedge boundary condition
Foam file
{
version 2.0:
format ascii;
class dictionary;
object blockMeshDict;
}
//***********************************//
application icoFoam;
startFrom startTimed ;
startTime 0;
stopat endTime;
end time 10;
deltaT 0.001;
writeControl time step;
writeInterval 20;
purgewrite 0;
writeFonnat ascii;
writeCompression off;
time format general;
time precision 6;
run time modifiable true;
Pressure file for wedge boundary condition
Foam file
{
format ascii;
class volscalarfield;
object p;
}
//***********************************//
Dimension [0 2 -2 0 0 0 0];
Internal field uniform 0 ;
Boundary field;
{
Inlet
{
Type zero gradient;
}
Outlet
{
Type fixed value;
Value uniform 0.0168682;
}
Axis
{
Type empty;
}
Pipe
{
Type zero gradient;
}
Front
{
Type wedge:
}
Back
{
Type wedge;
}
}
Velocity file for wedge boundary condition
Foam file
{
format ascii;
class vol vectorfield;
object u;
}
Dimension [0 1 -1 0 0 0 0];
Internal field uniform [0 0 0];
boundary field;
{
inlet
{
Type fixed value;
Value uniform (0.0937312 0 0);
}
outlet
{
Type zero gradient;
}
Axis
{
Type empty:
}
Pipe
{
Type no slip;
}
Front
{
type wedge:
}
Back
{
Type wedge;
}
}
Transport properties file for wedge boundary condition;
Foam file
{
format ascii;
class dictionary;
location constant;
object transport properties;
}
//***************************************************//
Nu = [0 -2 1 0 0 0 0] 8.927e- 07;
//*****************************************************//
The code for symmetry boundary condition
% Matlab code for generating the block mesh dict file
% Wedge Boundary Condition
% Wedge angles = 10, 25, 45 degrees
clear all
close all
cic
% Inputs
% Wedge angle
% Take angle as input from 10, 25, degrees
Theta= input(‘Enter the value of wedge angle = ‘)
% Reynolds number
Re =2100;
% Diameter
D = 0.02;
% Length
L = 0.06 * Re * D;
% Radius
R = D/2;
% Dynamic viscosity
mu = 0.89e-3;
% Density
rho= 997.0;
%Kinematic viscosity
nu = mu/rho;
% pressure and velocity
V _ avg = Re * mu /( D * rho);
V _ max = 2* v_avg;
del _ P = (32 *mu*V_ avg*L) / D2);
Kin _p = del _pho/rho;
n1 = 50;
n2 = 1;
n3 = 300;
g factor = 0.5;
% Vertices of the wedge
V0 =[0 0 0];
V1 = [0 R *cosd(theta/2) – R*sind(theta/2)];
V2 = [0 R *cosd(theta/2) – R*sind(theta/2)];
V3 = [L 0 0];
V4 = [L R *cosd(theta/2) – R*sind(theta/2)];
V5 = [L R *cosd(theta/2) – R*sind(theta/2)];
% printing the contents of block mesh file
string1=’/*
string2=’== string3=’
string 4 = ‘
string5=’
string6=’
string7 = ‘*
string8=’FoamFile’;
string9=’{‘;
string10=’
string11=’
string12=’
string13=’
string14=’}’;
string 15 = ‘//
string 16 = ‘//
fpointer = fopen(‘blockMeshDict.txt’, ‘wt’ );
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’, string1);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string2); fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string3);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string4); fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string5);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string6);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn n’,string7);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’, string8);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string9); fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string10);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string11); fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string12);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string13);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,string14);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn n’,string15);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’,’convert to meters 1:,’);
f printf(f pointer,’%sn’,’vertices’,);
f print f(fpointer, ‘%sn’, ‘(‘);
f print f(f pointer, ‘%s (%f %f %f )n’, blanks(5), V0(1), V0(2), V0(3)));
f print f(f pointer, ‘%s (%f %f %f )n’, blanks(5), V1(1), V1(2), V1(3)));
f print f(f pointer, ‘%s (%f %f %f )n’, blanks(5), V2(1), V2(2), V2(3)));
f print f(f pointer, ‘%s (%f %f %f )n’, blanks(5), V3(1), V3(2), V3(3)));
f print f(f pointer, ‘%s (%f %f %f )n’, blanks(5), V4(1), V4(2), V4(3)));
f print f(f pointer, ‘%s (%f %f %f )n’, blanks(5), V5(1), V5(2), V5(3)));
f printf(f pointer,’%sn’,’);’);
f printf(f pointer,’n’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’, ‘blacks’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn,’ ‘(‘);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %s n’, blanks(5),’hex (0 1 2 0 3 4 5 3 ) (50 1 200) simple grading (0.5 1 1)’);
fprinsf(fpointer,’%sn’,’);’);
f printf(fpointer,’n’);
fprintf( fpointer,’%sn’, ‘edges’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,’(‘); fprintf(fpointer, '%s arc 1 2 (%f %f %f )n’, blanks(5),0,R,0);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s arc 4 5 (%f %f %f )n’, blanks(5),0,R,0);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’,’);’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘n’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’,’boundary’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%sn’,’(‘); fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’inlet’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’type pitch;’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’faces’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’(‘);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(15),’ (0120)’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’);’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’}’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’out let ’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’{’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’type pitch;’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’faces’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’(‘);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(15),’ (3 4 5 3)’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’);’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’}’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’front ’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’{’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’type wedge;’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’faces’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’(‘);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(15),’ (0 3 5 2 )’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’);’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’}’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’back ’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’{’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’type wedge;’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’faces’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’(‘);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(15),’ (0 143 )’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’);’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’}’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’pipe ’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’{’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’type wall;’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’faces’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’(‘);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(15),’ (1 4 5 2 )’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’);’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’}’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’axis’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’{’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’type empty;’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’faces’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’(‘);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(15),’ (0 3 3 0 )’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(10),’);’);
fprintf(fpointer,’%s %sn’, blanks(5),’}’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’,’);’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘n’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’, ‘ merge patch pairs’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’,’(‘);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’,’);’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘n’);
fprintf(fpointer, ‘%sn’, ‘ string 16 ’);
f close (f pointer );
Symmetry boundary at 45 degrees condition:
Foam file
{
version 2.0:
format ascii;
class dictionary;
object blockMeshDict;
}
Convert to meters 1;
vertices
(
(0.000000 0.000000 0.000000)
(0.000000 0.009239 -0.003827)
(0.000000 0.009239 0.003827)
(2.520000 0.000000 0.000000)
(2.520000 0.009239 -0.003827)
(2.520000 0.009239 0.003827)
);
blocks
(
hex(0 1 2 0 3 4 5 3) (50 1 200) simple grading (0.5 1 1)
);
Edges;
(
arc 1 2 (0.0000000 0.010000 0.000000)
arc 4 5 (0.000000 0.010000 0.000000)
);
Boundary
(
Inelt
{
Type of patch ;
Faces
(
(0 1 2 0);
);
}
Outlet
{
Type patch;
Faces
(
(3 4 5 3);
);
}
Front
{
Type symmetry faces:
(
(0 1 4 3);
);
}
back
{
Type Symmetry faces;
(
(0 1 4 3 );
)
}
Pipe
{
Type wall faces;
(
(1 4 52);
}
axis
{
Type wall:
Faces
(
(0 3 3 0);
);
}
);
merge patch pairs
(
);
Symmetry boundary condition at 25 degres
Foam file
{
version 2.0:
format ascii;
class dictionary;
object blockMeshDict;
}
Convert to meters 1;
vertices
(
(0.000000 0.000000 0.000000)
(0.000000 0.009763 -0.002164)
(0.000000 0.009239 0.002164)
(2.520000 0.000000 0.000000)
(2.520000 0.009239 -0.002164)
(2.520000 0.009239 0.002164)
);
blocks
(
hex(0 1 2 0 3 4 5 3) (50 1 200) simple grading (0.5 1 1)
);
Edges;
(
arc 1 2 (0.0000000 0.010000 0.000000)
arc 4 5 (0.000000 0.010000 0.000000)
);
Boundary
(
Inelt
{
Type of patch ;
Faces
(
(0 1 2 0);
);
}
Outlet
{
Type patch;
Faces
(
(3 4 5 3);
);
}
Front
{
Type symmetry faces:
(
(0 1 4 3);
);
}
back
{
Type Symmetry faces;
(
(0 1 4 3 );
)
}
Pipe
{
Type wall faces;
(
(1 4 52);
}
axis
{
Type wall:
Faces
(
(0 3 3 0);
);
}
);
merge patch pairs
(
);
Symmetry boundary condition at 10 degrees
Foam file
{
version 2.0:
format ascii;
class dictionary;
object blockMeshDict;
}
Convert to meters 1;
vertices
(
(0.000000 0.000000 0.000000)
(0.000000 0.009239 -0.000872)
(0.000000 0.009239 0.000872)
(2.520000 0.000000 0.000000)
(2.520000 0.009239 -0.000872)
(2.520000 0.009239 0.000872)
);
blocks
(
hex(0 1 2 0 3 4 5 3) (50 1 200) simple grading (0.5 1 1)
);
Edges;
(
arc 1 2 (0.0000000 0.010000 0.000000)
arc 4 5 (0.000000 0.010000 0.000000)
);
Boundary
(
Inelt
{
Type of patch ;
Faces
(
(0 1 2 0);
);
}
Outlet
{
Type patch;
Faces
(
(3 4 5 3);
);
}
Front
{
Type symmetry faces:
(
(0 1 4 3);
);
}
back
{
Type Symmetry faces;
(
(0 1 4 3 );
)
}
Pipe
{
Type wall faces;
(
(1 4 52);
}
axis
{
Type wall:
Faces
(
(0 3 3 0);
);
}
);
merge patch pairs
(
);
Pressure file symmetry boundary condition:
Foam file
{
format ascii;
class volscalarfield;
object p;
}
//***********************************//
Dimension [0 2 -2 0 0 0 0];
Internal field uniform 0 ;
Boundary field;
{
Inlet
{
Type zero gradient;
}
Outlet
{
Type fixed value;
Value uniform 0.0168682;
}
Axis
{
Type empty;
}
Pipe
{
Type zero gradient;
}
Front
{
Type wedge:
}
Back
{
Type wedge;
}
}
Velocity file for symmetry boundary condition
Foam file
{
format ascii;
class vol vectorfield;
object u;
}
Dimension [0 1 -1 0 0 0 0];
Internal field uniform [0 0 0];
boundary field;
{
inlet
{
Type fixed value;
Value uniform (0.0937312 0 0);
}
outlet
{
Type zero gradient;
}
Axis
{
Type empty:
}
Pipe
{
Type no slip;
}
Front
{
type wedge:
}
Back
{
Type symmetry;
}
}
Output (velocity profile);
pressure profile :
velocity graph :
pressure graph :
shear stress graph :
