Battery Chemistry of six types of Lithium Ion batteries

OBJECTIVE

To create a table including materials & chemical reactions occurring at the anode and cathode of LCO, LMO, NCA, NMC, LFP and LTO type of lithium ion cells.

	Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LiCoO2 ) - LCO
Anode	Lithiated graphite (LixC6)
Cathode	Layered oxide like (LixCoO2 )
Electrolyte	LiPF6 or similar lithium salt and Ethylene Carbonate as a solvent
Anode reaction	`C_6Li rightarrow 6C + Li^+ + e^-`
Cathode reaction	`Li_(1-x)CoO_2 + xLi^++ xe^(-) rightarrow LiCoO_2`
Overall Cell reaction	`C_6 + LiCoO_2 leftrightarrow Li_xC_6 + Li_(1-x)CoO_2`

	Lithium Manganese Oxide (LiMn2O4) — LMO
Anode	Lithium metal
Cathode	Magnese Oxide (Mn2O4)
Electrolyte	Lithium Halide dissolved in organic solvent
Anode reaction	`Li rightarrow Li^++ e^-`
Cathode reaction	`MnO_2+ Li^ ++ e^(-) rightarrow LiMnO_2`
Overall Cell reaction	`Li + MnO_2 leftrightarrow LiMnO_2`

	Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide (LiNiCoAlO2) — NCA
Anode	Graphite and Carbons
Cathode	Nickle Cobalt Aluminium
Electrolyte	Organic electrolyte made out of Li-containing salts
Anode reaction	`C_6Li rightarrow 6C + Li^+ + e^-`
Cathode reaction	`NiCoAlO_2 + Li^ ++ e^(-) rightarrow LiNiCoAlO_2`
Overall Cell reaction	`C_6Li + NiCoAlO_2 leftrightarrow Li_(1-x)NiCoAlO_2 + Li_xC_6`

	Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (LiNiMnCoO2) — NMC
Anode	Graphite electrode
Cathode	Nickle Manganese Cobalt Oxide
Electrolyte	Organic electrolyte made out of Li-containing salts
Anode reaction	`Li_xC_n rightarrow nC + xLi^+ + xe^-`
Cathode reaction	`Li_(1-x)(Ni_(1-x-y)Mn_xCo_y)O_2+ xLi^ ++ xe^(-) rightarrow LiNiMnCoO_2`
Overall Cell reaction	`Li_xC_n+Li_(1-x)(Ni_(1-x-y)Mn_xCo_y)O_2 leftrightarrow LiNiMnCoO_2 + nC`

	Lithium Iron Phosphate(LiFePO4) — LFP
Anode	Graphite electrode
Cathode	Lithium Iron Phosphate
Electrolyte	Organic electrolyte made out of Li-containing salts
Anode reaction	`Li_xC_n rightarrow nC + xLi^+ + xe^-`
Cathode reaction	`LiMnO_2+ Li^ ++ e^(-) rightarrow LiMnO_2`
Overall Cell reaction	`C_n+LiFePo_4 leftrightarrow FePo_4 + LiC_n`

	Lithium-titanaium oxide (LTO)
Anode	Lithium–titanium oxide (LTO)
Cathode	Magnese Oxide
Electrolyte	Solid Electrolyte Interface (SEI)
Anode reaction	`Li_7Ti_5O_12 rightarrow Li_4Ti_5O_12 + 3Li^+ + 3e^-`
Cathode reaction	`3MnO_2+ 3Li^ ++ 3e^(-) rightarrow 3LiMnO_2`
Overall Cell reaction	`Li_7Ti_5O_12 + 3MnO_2 leftrightarrow Li4Ti5O12 + 3LiMnO_2`