Project on Concrete Mix Design for various grades of Concrete
Part A)
Required Data for calculating the quantities of concrete mix (some assumed)
- Grade designation: M35
- Type of Cement: OPC 43 grade
- Typed of mineral admixture: Fly ash
- Maximum nominal size of aggregate: 20 mm
- Minimum cement content: 340 kg/m^3 (From table 5 of IS456:2000)
- Maximum W/C ratio: 0.45
- Workability: 75mm (Slump value for pumpable concrete)
- Exposure condition: Very severe (RCC)
- Method of concrete placing: Pumping
- Degree of supervision: Good
- Type of aggregate: Crushed angular aggregate
- Maximum cement content: 450 kg/m3
- Chemical admixture type: Superplasticizer
- Considering the zone I of aggregates from the table 3 of IS: 10262
Test data for materials:
- Cement used: OPC 43 grade conforming to IS 8112
- The specific gravity of cement: 3.15
- Fly ash: Conforming to IS 3812 (Part 1)
- The specific gravity of fly ash: 2.21
- Chemical admixture: Superplasticizer conforming to IS 9103
- The specific gravity of:
- Coarse aggregate: 2.75
- Fine aggregate:2.75
- Water absorption:
- Coarse aggregate: 0.5%
- Fine aggregate: 1.0%
- Free surface moisture:
- Coarse aggregate: Nil
- Fine aggregate: Nil
Fine aggregate: Conforming to grading zone I of table 4 of IS 383
III. Target Strength for Mix proportioning:
- f’ck= fck + 1.65*S
- From table 1 of IS 10262: 2009, Standard deviation, S=5 N/mm2
- Therefore, Target strength = 35+1.65*5 = 43.25 N/mm2
IV: Selection of W/C ratio:
- From table 5 of IS: 456: 2000 for very severe exposure, maximum W/C ratio = 0.45
- Based on experience, adopt w/c ratio as 0.42 < 0.45, Hence Ok
- Selection of W/C ratio
- From Table 2 of IS 10262: 2009, maximum W/C content for 20mm aggregate = 186 litre (for 25mm to 50mm slump range)
- Estimated Water content for 75mm slump = 186+3/100*186=191.58 litres
- As a superplasticizer is used, the water content can be reduced by up to 30%
- Based on trials water content reduction of 28% is achieved with plasticizer
- Hence the arrived water content = 191.58*.72=137.94 litres
VI: Calculation of Cement content:
W/C ratio= 0.42
Cementitious Material (Cement+ Fly ash) Content = 137.94/0.42=328.423 kg/m^3
From the table 5 of IS 456 minimum cement content for very severe exposure condition = 340kg/m^3. Therefore, adopting 340kg/m^3 as the required content. Hence OK
Steps to calculate the proportion of cement content.
- Considering 10% of Cementitious material content = 340 x 1.1= 374 kg/m^3
- Water content = 137.94 litres
- W/C = 94/374= 0.369
- Fly ash @ 30% of total cementitious material content = 374 x 30% = 112.2kg/m^3
- Cement = 374-112.2 =216.8 kg/m^3
- Cement Savings = 340-216.8 = 123.2 kg/m^3
- Fly ash being utilised = 112.2 kg/m^3
VIII. Mix calculations:
The mix calculation per unit volume per unit volume of concrete shall be as follows.
- Volume of concrete = 1m^3
- Volume of cement = 216.8/3.15*1/1000= 0.06882 m^3
- Volume of Fly ash = 112.2/2.21*1/1000 = 0.05077 m^3
- Volume of water = 137.94/1 x 1/1000 =0.13794 m^3
- Volume of chemical admixture = 7.6/1.145 x 1/1000= 6.63755x 10^-3
- Volume of aggregate (FA & CA) = (a-(b+c+d+e))= (1-(0.06882+0.05077+0.13794+0.0063755)) = 0.716 m^3
- From table 3 of IS 10262 for zone I = 0.6 for 20mm aggregate
- Volume Reduction for pumpable concrete 10% reduction 20mm size aggregate = 0.6 x 0.9 = 0.54
- Mass of coarse aggregate = f x Volume of coarse aggregate x specific gravity of coarse aggregate x 1000 = 0.716 x 0.54 x 2.75 x 1000 = 1063.26 kg/m^3
- Mass of fine aggregate = f x Volume of fine aggregate x Specific gravity of fine aggregate x 1000 = 0.716 x 0.46 x 2.75 x 1000 = 905.74 kg/m^3
IX) Mix proportions for trial number 1:
- Cement = 216.8 kg/m^3
- Fly ash = 112.22 kg/m^3
- Water = 137.94 litres
- Fine aggregates = 905.74 kg/m^3
- Coarse aggregates = 1063.26kg/m^3
- Chemical admixtures = 7 kg/m^3
- W/C ratio = 0.369
Mix Ratio: 1: 4.178: 4.904
Part B)
Required Data for calculating the quantities of concrete mix (some assumed)
Grade designation: M50
Type of Cement: OPC 43 grade
Typed of mineral admixture: Nil
Maximum nominal size of aggregate: 20 mm
Minimum cement content: 340 kg/m^3 (From table 5 of IS456:2000)
Maximum W/C ratio: 0.4
Workability: 75mm (Slump value for pumpable concrete)
Exposure condition: Very severe (RCC)
Method of concrete placing: Pumping
Degree of supervision: Good
Type of aggregate: Crushed angular aggregate
Maximum cement content: 450 kg/m3
Chemical admixture type: Superplasticizer
Test data for materials:
Cement used: OPC 43 grade conforming to IS 8112
The specific gravity of cement: 3.15
Chemical admixture: Superplasticizer conforming to IS 9103
The specific gravity of:
- Coarse aggregate: 2.75
- Fine aggregate:2.75
Water absorption:
- Coarse aggregate: 0.5%
- Fine aggregate: 1.0%
Free surface moisture:
- Coarse aggregate: Nil
- Fine aggregate: Nil
Fine aggregate: Conforming to grading zone I of table 4 of IS 383
III. Target Strength for Mix proportioning:
- f’ck= fck + 1.65*S
- From table 1 of IS 10262: 2009, Standard deviation, S=5 N/mm2
- Therefore, Target strength = 50+1.65*5 = 58.25 N/mm2
IV: Selection of W/C ratio:
- From table 5 of IS: 456: 2000 for very severe exposure, maximum W/C ratio = 0.4
- Based on experience, adopt w/c ratio as 0.4 < =0.4, Hence Ok
- Selection of W/C ratio
- From Table 2 of IS 10262: 2009, maximum W/C content for 20mm aggregate = 186 litre (for 25mm to 50mm slump range)
- Estimated Water content for 75mm slump = 186+3/100*186=191.58 litres
- As a superplasticizer is used, the water content can be reduced by up to 30%
- Based on trials water content reduction of 28% is achieved with plasticizer
- Hence the arrived water content = 191.58*.72=137.94 litres
VI: Calculation of Cement content:
- W/C ratio = 0.4
- Cementitious Material (Cement) Content = 137.94/0.4=344.85 kg/m^3
From table 5 of IS 456 minimum cement content for very severe exposure conditions = 340kg/m^3. Therefore, adopting 344.85 kg/m^3 as the required content. Hence OK
Steps to calculate the proportion of cement content.
- Considering Cement material content = 344.85 kg/m^3
- Water content = 137.94 litres
- W/C =137.94/344.85= 0.4
VIII. Mix calculations:
The mix calculation per unit volume of concrete shall be as follows.
- Volume of concrete = 1m^3
- Volume of cement = 344.85/3.15*1/1000= 0.10947 m^3
- Volume of water = 137.94/1 x 1/1000 =0.13794 m^3
- Volume of chemical admixture = 7.6/1.145 x 1/1000= 6.63755x 10^-3
- Volume of aggregate (FA & CA) = (a-(b+c+d+e))= (1-(0.10947+0.13794+0.0063755)) = 0.7462 m^3
- From table 3 of IS 10262 for zone I = 0.6 for 20mm aggregate
- Volume Reduction for pumpable concrete 10% reduction 20mm size aggregate = 0.6 x 0.9 = 0.54
- Mass of coarse aggregate = f x Volume of coarse aggregate x specific gravity of coarse aggregate x 1000= 0.7462 x 0.54 x 2.75 x 1000 = 1108.107 kg/m^3
- Mass of fine aggregate = f x Volume of fine aggregate x Specific gravity of fine aggregate x 1000 = 0.7477 x 0.46 x 2.75 x 1000 = 943 kg/m^3
- IX) Mix proportions for trial number 1:
- Cement = 344.85 kg/m^3
- Water = 137.94 litres
- Fine aggregates = 943.943 kg/m^3
- Coarse aggregates = 1108.107 kg/m^3
- Chemical admixtures = 7 kg/m^3
- W/C ratio = 0.4057
Mix Ratio, M50: 1: 2.737 : 3.2133