Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit
1) Major Elements in the above automotive wiring diagram.
1. Generator 2.Current and voltage regulator 3.Distributor 4. Breaker 5.Ignition coil 6.Starter 7.Junction block 8. Foot Selector Switch 9. Battery 10.Dome light switch 11. light Switches 12.Ignition switch 13.Fuse 14.Light Beam
2) Elements of the wiring diagram
1. Battery:-
Purpose- Store the current and supply the initial current to the system.
Working-
Battery is another essential component in the vehicle charging system, it works as a reservoir of electric system. The engine starter is directly connected to the positive terminal of the battery. It helps to the crank components to making engine starts. During engine running the alternator directly charges the battery. Battery also supplies the current to the system when the engine is off.
2. Current and voltage regulator
Purpose- Controls the alternator's power output.
Working-
The current and voltage regulators control the alternator's power output. This device is located in the alternator, as it regulates the charging voltage that the alternator produces. It keeps the voltage constant to protect the electric parts connected to the system in the vehicle. In modern vehicles ECU is used, it senses and controls the voltage and current supply.
3. Ignition coil
Purpose- Used for ignition of spark .
Working-
The ignition coil is the main part of the battery ignition system is used to the step the voltage which means low to high and that is used to generate a spark in the spark plug. Ignition coil is consist of a magnetic core or soft wire, and two electric winding is called primary and secondary winding.
3) If the total load is 10A from battery, what should be the fuse rating?
Watt=Amp* Voltage
=10*12
Load=120 watt
Fuse rating formula
Power (watt) =Voltage * Current(amp)
120 = 12*xcurrent
Fuse =10 amp
but the load is 10amp so we take a fuse of greater than that so we take 13amp or 15amp fuse. Because load cant be constat every time.
4) Load- 500Watt
if we take 120v battery then I=500/120=4.17 amps
12v battery then I=500/12 =41.66amps
240v battery then I=500/240=2.083amps
if i take battery of 100ah then 12v battery will run
100/41.66=2.4hr
if i take battery of 100ah then 120v battery will run
100/4.17=23.98hr
from the above i can recommend the battery 100AH 120V battery.
5) Parallel connection
Scaled Beam -Tail Light -Fuel Gauge-Plate light
These connections are in parallel because they are all run at the same time & in this system, only current variation will occur.
6) Series Connection
Ignition switch- Ignition Coil- Distributor
These connections are in series because they act one after another in the series. and in series connection, the voltage may vary but the current remains the same.