Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit

1.

• Battery
• Generator
• Starter
• Fuse
• Distributer
• Ammeter
• Current and Voltage regulator
• Foot selector switch

2. Battery : A battery is a device which turns chemical energy into electrical energy and it can be stored and used when needed. It is the power source of an EV. It has two two electrodes which are cathode(-ve) and anode(+ve) and these are placced in an electrolyte. Charged ions moved through the electrolyte from the electrodes. Electrons move from cathode to anode. there are different kinds of battery based on the electrodes and electrolyte used. LI ion and Lead acid batteries are commonly used in EVs.

Generator : A generator is a device which converts mechhanical energy into electrical energy. It consists of stator and rotor sliprings or split rings, brushes etc. The generater which is used to generate power will be a pulsing dc generator which is also called as a dynamo. They generate pulsing dc current through the use of a commmutator. it is self excited ie, its field electromagnets are powered by the machinnes own output. An AC generator is known as an alternator which are also comonly used. it generates alternating current.

Ammeter : An ammeter is an instrument used to measure current in a circuit. Electric current is measured in amperes (A). For direct measurement, the ammeter is connected in series with the circuit in which the current is to be measured. An ammeter usually has low resistance so that it does not cause a significant voltage drop in the circuit being measured. there are different types of ammeters which are moving coil, moving magnet, electrodynamic, moving iron etc.

3. Given Current= 10A

the fuse rating should be 125% of the total load

125% of 10A is 10A* 0.125= 12.5 A

A fuse of rating 12.5 amperes must be used. The closest standard rating will be 15A.

4. Given current= 10A

Power = 500W

V * I = 500W

V= 500W/10A = 50V

Assuming the capacity over a duration of 1 hour

Capacity= 10A * 1hours = 10Ah

5. Battery and lamps are connected in parallel.

if the lamps and battery were connected in series the safety element would be lost if one of the lamps failed because the other would also go out.

6. Battery and fuse are connected in series.

the fuse is a protective device . if a fault occurs in the system the fuse breaks and protects the system this can only be done if the fuse is connected in series.