Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit
1) The major elements in above automotive wiring diagram are Battery, Alternator, Starter, Generator, Ignition Coil, Distributor and Spark Plung.
2) Battery : Battery in Vehicle is a rechargeable battery is responbile to provide an electric current to stater motor for ignition of vehicle. It powers all equipment like tail light, Head light, lamp, music player in vehicle. Battery provide current to starter motor, which powers internal combustion engine. And once engine runs with required RPM Generator generate current to charge battery. This is why if a vehicle battery is dead or weak, the vehicle will not start.
Ignition Coil : Ignition coils are responsible to generate spark in spark plug. It transforms battery voltage to the thousands of volts and create an electric spark in the spark plugs to ignite the fule. It increase the low voltage of battery of 12 Volt to a higher voltage about 50,000 volts to produce spark. It is used in automobile ignition system. We can also say that it is a short step-up transformer.
Starter : Starter is a component that is directly responsible for starting Engine. It takes power that is needed from battery and Ignites the Engine. It can start engine on its own. When you turn the ignition ON, the starter motor starts and turns the engine to suck the air and fule mixer. And Ignites Engine to starts an Engine.
3) For 10A total Load from battery, minimum 10A fuse is sufficient. But in real life for safer side few higher ampere fuse is use.
4) This depents on How long do you want to run the load.
Assume this is for 12V battery, If you need to run load for an Hour minimum 41.66Ah rated battery will required.
for 2 Hours = 83.32Ah battery will required.
and for 3 Hours = 124.98Ah battery will required.
These all considering NO loss in the system.
But, considering some loss minimum figure a 50Ah battery for an Hour I will recommend.
for 2 hours = 100Ah battery
and for 3 Hours = 150 Hours.
5) Both Horns and Both Parking Lamp are Connected in parallel to each other in the diagram. They will be operated at same time with same switch thats why they are connected in parallel in the circuit.
6) Ignition Coil, Distributor and Spark plug are connected is Series connection. Because Ignition Coil transform 12V current to 50,000 Volt for the spark in spark plug this manages by distributor that which spark plug has to give volt at right time.